《2019年北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8讲及训练题含解析.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《2019年北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8讲及训练题含解析.pdf(27页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、2019年北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 1 第 8 讲北京海淀二模阅读理解CD篇 1.掌握本篇阅读理解中出现的高频词及长难句。 2.掌握阅读理解的解题技巧,并能够指出本篇阅读理解中运用到的解题技巧。 3.通过阅读理解高频词、长难句等语料的积累,及阅读理解解题技巧的练习,灵活应对各种阅读理解题。 C篇 知识篇 “巧妇难为无米之炊”,在英语学习的过程中,语料的积累至关重要。对于阅读理解高频词和长难句的梳理, 能够为我们今后的学习和提升打下良好的基础。 亲爱的同学,老师已经为你梳理出了本篇文章中的一些高频词和长难句,快来看看你掌握了吗? 高频词 (课前检测学生的词汇量储备,以教
2、师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优,模糊翻译的良,不会翻 译的为差。) 单词/ 短语词性词义拓展掌握情况 优良差 suggestv.暗示,建议n. suggestion actv.行动,表演, 起作用 n.action connectv.连接,使有 联系 stylishadj.时髦的,流行 的 appearancen.外貌,外观 positiveadj.积极的opp. negative receivev.收到,接待 socialadj.社会的n.society no longer不再 checkv.检查,核对 despiteprep.尽管 purposefuladj.有目的的,故 2019年
3、北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 2 意的 particularadj.特别的 outdooradj.室外,户外的opp. indoor personallyadv.亲自地,就个 人而言地 l 长难句 (课前检测学生的句型储备,以教师提问的形式进行。能够准确翻译的为优,模糊翻译的良,不会翻译 的为差。) 1. Not onlydoes itshow us thetime,but italsoactsas a fitnessmonitorand a messaging device thatcan be connectedwithan iPhone. (优良差) _ _ 句意:
4、它不仅为我们展示时间,也扮演着一个健康检测仪和一个能够与iPhone 连接的信息装置。 本句中包含了初中常见句型“notonly butalso ” ,意为“不仅而且”, 前面几讲中已经涉及到,此处 再次强调,可以用在写作中。 2.Thanks totheinventionofthesmartwatch,we willno longerhave toreachforour phones to check our messages.(优良差) _ _ 句意:多亏了这个智能手表的发明,我们将不再必须拿出我们的手机来检查信息了。 本句中包含着两个短语:1.thanksto “由于,多亏” ;2.no
5、 longer“不再”,翻译时要注意。 3. A group of friendssittingata tableina restaurantwilloverlookeach otheras everyonewill be toobusy watchingtheirwristsinexpectationofa new message.(优良差) _ _ 句意:餐馆里坐在桌子旁的一群朋友将忽视彼此,因为每个人都忙着看手腕,期待着一条新信息的到来。 本句为现在分词短语sittingata table作后置定语修饰a group offriends ,两者是主动关系。 方法篇 “方法得当,事半功倍。
6、”只有语料的积累,没有好方法的辅助也是不够的。对于阅读理解解题方法的梳理, 能够帮助我们更好地理解阅读理解的命题逻辑,在有足够语料积累的基础上,能够帮助我们争取高分。 亲爱的同学,老师已经为你精心整理了阅读理解的解题技巧,快来看看你掌握了多少? 一、阅读理解解题步骤 第一快速浏览全文, 了解文章浏览时要注意以下句子:每段的开头和结尾,重要的情 2019年北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 3 步大概。节句子,如果遇到未学或不认识的单词或不理解的句 子,可以根据上下文猜测,切不可停留而放慢速度。 第二 步 浏览问题,明确要求。把文章后每个题目内容看明白,这样又能辅助进一步理 解文
7、章的主要内容,具体做题时就能对号入座,找到文 章中确切表达所要回答问题的关键句子。 第三 步 通篇寻读,确定段落。也就是带着问题去读,找到要回答问题的关键词、句或 意群, 以及任何有关答题的信息,用铅笔画下来, 以便 为下一步答题做好充分准备。 第四 步 逐条分析,对号入座。把需要回答的问题和寻读中找到的信息逐条分析,对号 入座。一般来说, 出题者问题设计都是按照文章内容自 上到下顺序设计的,根据难度先解决容易的,最后解决 深层次的理解题。 第五 步 复读全文,验证答案。全部题目做完后,必须再仔细阅读一遍全文,进一步加 深对文章理解,核实所选答案是否正确。 二、阅读理解解题技巧 初中英语选择型
8、阅读理解题主要分为四种题型,分别是细节理解题,推理判断题,猜测词义题和主旨大意 题。接下来我们将从这四种题型的定义,设题方式和解题技巧三方面进行介绍。 题型题型一:细节理解题 解释本类试题主要考察学生对阅读材料中的某一特定细节或文章的主要事实的理解能 力。问题包括询问人 (who ) 、物 (what) 、 时间(when ) 、地点(where) 、原因(cause) 、 结果( effect )、文中的数据( data)等。新闻、说明文、广告信息等常常考察这 些细节。 设题 方式 1.Which ofthefollowingstatementsistrue/false? 2.Which o
9、fthefollowingis(not)mentioned? 3.Accordingtothepassage,when( where,why, how, who, etc) ? 解题 技巧 1.细心审题,直接就题找答案 2.变通理解,间接转述找答案 3.多点归纳,综合事实找答案 典题 精析 Which hand do you use when write?About 8 to 15 percentof peopleare left handed.They oftenhave touse toolsthatare designedforright-handed people.So itisdif
10、ficultforleft-handerstouse most tools.Ifyou are righthanded, trythisexperiment:Take a knifewithyour lefthand and try cuttinga potatointopieces.Don t be surprisedifyou feelawkward (别 扭的). 2019年北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 4 Ifright-handerscutup potatoeswiththeirlefthand,theywill. A. gethurtB. giveup cut
11、tingC. feelawkwardD. change theirtools 本题可以运用到解题技巧1.细心审题,直接就题找答案 浏览题干,确定关键短语为cutup potatoeswiththeirlefthand,浏览段落, 确定关键句Ifyou are righthanded, trythisexperiment:Take a knifewith yourlefthand and trycuttinga potatointopieces.Don t be surprised ifyou feelawkward (别扭的) . “如果你是一个习惯用右手的人,用左手拿刀把 土豆切成块。如果你
12、感到别扭并不让人惊讶。”,根据句意即可推断出正确答案, 故选 C。 题型题型二:推理判断题 解释推理判断题着重考察学生的逻辑思维能力,即要求学生根据文章的逻辑关系进行推 理判断。此类题目难度大,涉及面广,如人物的性格、心理,故事的结局、寓意, 文章的出处、体裁,作者的倾向、态度等。 设题 方式 1.Itcan be inferredfromthetextthat_. 2.From thetextwe know that_. 3.Withwhich ofthefollowingdoes theauthoragree? 4.The passage isprobablytakenfroma _. 解
13、题 技巧 1.通过文章陈述的事实进行推断 2.根据文章所提供的的背景,人物的表情,动作和语言进行推断 3.根据作者的意图和态度进行推断 典题 精析 Boredom isoftenlinkedwithloneliness,but a writernamedMeera Syal said boredom had helpedher indevelopinghermind.She toldresearchersabout her childhood.Having few thingsto do, Syal oftentalkedwithher neighbors. She also triedto
14、do thingslikelearningto bake cakes.“But importantly, I Thought and wrote a lot,because I was bored, ” Syal said.She kept a diary, fillinghertimewithshortstoriesand poems she made up. Grayson Perry,an artist,grew up in a familywithlittlemoney. He enjoyed himselfby making up stories,drawingpicturesfor
15、hisstoriesand reading many books inthelibrary.Bored butfree,he spenthourslookingoutof thewindow, watchingthechangingcloudsand seasons.Perryfilledup his freetimewithwhat he liked.He became creative,because he couldthink freely. The writertalksaboutSyaland Perryto. A. stressthegreatdifferencesbetween
16、them 2019年北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 5 B. introducea popularwriterand a famous artist C. suggestgood ways of goingthroughboredom D. show effectsofboredom on developingcreativity 本题可以运用到解题技巧2.根据文章所提供的的背景,人物的表情,动作和语言 进行推断 题干意为“作者谈论Syal和 Perry 的例子的目的是什么?”。两个段落很长,我们 首先要精读段落,抓住两个人物的态度,第一段中关键句为a writername
17、d Meera Syalsaidboredom had helpedherindevelopinghermind. 意为“ MeeraSyal 说无聊帮助她发展了她的思想”,第二段关键句为Hebecamecreative,because he couldthinkfreely.意为“他变得积极,因为他能够自由思考”,由这两句关键句 可知两个人都认为“无聊可以发展创造力,” ,故选 D。 题型题型三:词义猜测题 解释单词的猜测能力是阅读理解能力的主要组成部分,是考查对文中关键词语的理解。 而且,所考察的词或短语的意义往往不停留在字面上,要根据文中语境来判断。 设题 方式 1.The underl
18、inedsentenceinthelastparagraphmeans _. 2.The word“” mostlikelymeans _. 3.Which ofthefollowingisclosestinmeaning totheword _. 解题 技巧 1.通过因果关系猜测词义 2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义 3.通过构词法猜测词义 4.通过定义或释义说明来猜测词义 5.通过描述猜测词义 6.用知识和生活经验猜测词义 7.根据上下文的指代关系猜测词义 典题 精析 Childrenare expectedby theirparentsto be readinga textboo
19、kallthe time. However,researchshows thatitmay hamper thedevelopmentoftheir imagination,whileboredom can givethem opportunitiestodevelop creativity. What does theword “hamper”inParagraph2 probablymean? A. Slow down.B. Keep up with.C. Go beyond.D. Give riseto. 本题可以运用到解题技巧2.通过同义词和近、反义词的关系猜测词义 浏览本段,会发现本
20、段中存在转折连词while “然而”,while后的句意为“无聊能 2019年北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 6 给他们发展创造力的机会”,所以 while之前的句意应该与之相反,进一步推测词 义。A意为“ (使)慢下来” ,B 意为“跟上”,C 意为“超出”,D 意为“引起,导致” , 故选 A。 题型题型四:主旨大意题 解释考查学生对文章主题或中心思想的领会和理解能力。 设题 方式 1.问标题: What isthe main topicof the passage? / The besttitleforthe passage is_. 2.问中心: The first
21、paragraphismainlyaboutthe _./ The passage is mostlyabout_. 3.问目的, 态度: The authorwants to tell_. / The purpose of thisarticle isto_. 解题 技巧 1.浏览文章首尾段和各段开头,抓住主旨段或主旨句 2.浏览全文,抓住关键字眼,把握主旨 3.以掌握主旨为前提,处理推断作者语气及写作意图 典题 精析 Inthepast,peoplethoughtitwas strangetouse thelefthand.Young studentslookeddown upon the
22、irleft-handedclassmates.Somechildrenwere even punishedforusingtheirlefthand towrite.But thesedays parents and teachershave acceptedthat.Inalmosteveryschoolintheworld, left-handedstudentscan use theirlefthand towrite. What isParagraph2 mainlyabout? A. Causes of beinglefthanded.B. Encouragement to lef
23、t-handers C. Punishmentforusingthelefthand.D. Changes inopinionson left-handers. 本题可以运用到解题技巧2.浏览全文,抓住关键字眼,把握主旨 本题考察的是第二段段落大意,要首先锁定第二段的关键词but ,but 之前的关键 词 inthepast 和 itwas strangeto use thelefthand 表明了在过去人们认为 使用左手是奇怪的, but之后的关键词thesedays 和 have acceptedthat表明了 现在人们接受了惯用左手的人。所以这段主要是讲述了人们关于惯用左手的人的态 度上
24、的转变。可以判定答案为Changes inopinionson left-handers.,故选D。 浏览问题 语篇精讲 2019年北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 7 (抓住题干及选项中的关键词,以便有目的性的通读文章) 题号题干及选项 1Thanks to theinventionoftheApplewatch,_.(细节理解题) A. studentsdont use computersinclass B. mobilephones dont need tobe charged C. messages can be checked withoutphones D. ou
25、tdooractivitieshave become more popular 2The underlinedword “hinder “ in Paragraph3 probablymeans “ _”. (词义猜测题) A. make upB. holdbackC. depend onD. look after 3From thepassage,we can learnthatthewriter_.(推理判断题) A. worriesaboutthesafetyofthesmartwatch B. thinkshighlyoftheprogressof technology C. intr
26、oducesthenewestkindofsmartphones D. preferssingle-purposewatches thattellthetime 4What isprobablythebesttitleforthispassage?(主旨大意题) A. The Apple Watch: The LatestInvention B. The Apple Watch: Smart and Fashionable C. The Apple Watch: TechnologyGone Too Far? D. The Apple Watch: A ConvenientWay toExer
27、cise? 通篇寻读 (通读文章,根据问题中的关键词标记出文章中的重点词,短语或句子,为逐题分析做准备) 话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级 日常生活类议论文4227 分钟_/4 For those who havent heard of it,the Apple watch is the latestinvention from thecreatorsoftheiPhoneand Apple Mac. As thename suggests,this creationis a device (装置) designed to tellus the time.This is Apple, h
28、owever, and an Apple watch isnever justa watch.Not onlydoes itshow us thetime, butitalsoactsas a fitnessmonitorand a messaging devicethatcan be 2019年北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 8 connectedwithan iPhone. Is thisa smart inventionor technologygone too far?While the Apple watch is stylishin appearance, I
29、cant helpbut questioncertainaspects (方面) ofthenew device.Isita positivethingtobe abletoreceivemessages througha watch,or isthisanotherway oflettingtechnologyupsetour sociallives? Thanks to theinventionofthesmartwatch,we willno longerhave toreachforour phones to check our messages. Imagine the possib
30、leresults.Agroup of friendssittingat a tablein a restaurant willoverlookeach otheras everyonewillbe too busy watchingtheirwristsinexpectationof a new message. Studentswillhave a way of checkingtheirinboxduringschool,despitethe factthatusing mobile phones is not allowedin class.The listgoes on. Altho
31、ughsmart watches maymakecommunicating throughtechnologyeasier,itseems thatusing them couldactuallyhinderface to face communication. Muchlikea phone, the watch would also need to be charged(充电) everyday. This isyet another aspectof the devicewhich setsitapartfrom any “normal”watch.If,likeme, you stru
32、gglewhen rememberingtoputyourphone on charge,thisisnotnecessarilya positivething. I do have toagree,however,thewatch has some interestingand purposefulfunctions (功能). As a fitnessmonitor,thedevicecan be used to createand recordexerciseactivities.Thiscould be ofparticularinteresttooutdoorfans.While t
33、hereare severalexistingAndroidApps thatcan alreadydo this,I can see thatthe Apple watch would be a more convenientway of exercisingwithout a mobilephone.The questionremains,however,isthepriceworththebenefits? Whilethereare clearlybothadvantagesand disadvantageswhen itcomes toApples latest invention,
34、I personallylikemy single-purposewatch thatsimplytellsmethe time!What about you? Would you be interestedinhavinga smartwatch? 逐题分析 语篇解读:本文是一篇日常生活类的议论文。通过对Apple watch 的描述,来论述这种高科技的发明到底是智 能发明还是科技浪费? 1.Thanks totheinventionoftheApplewatch,_. A. studentsdont use computersinclass B. mobilephones dont nee
35、d tobe charged C. messages can be checkedwithoutphones D. outdooractivitieshave become more popular 解析: C. 细节理解题。 根据题干可将答案锁定在文章第三段中,根据段首句Thanks to the inventionof the smart watch, we willno longerhave toreachforour phones tocheck our messages.“多亏了这个智能手表的发明, 我们将不再必须拿出我们的手机来检查信息了。” ,故选 C。 2019年北京中考英语二
36、轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 9 2.The underlinedword “hinder“inParagraph3 probablymeans “ _”. A. make upB. holdbackC. depend onD. lookafter 解析: B. 词义猜测题。A意为“编造,组成” ;B 意为“抑制,阻止” ;C 意为“依赖,取决于” ;D 意为“照顾” ,划线词 所在句意为“尽管智能手表借助科技手段使交流变得更容易,但看起来使用它们真的_面对面交流。” ,这 里要注意 although的使用,代表前后为转折关系,所以应该是“虽然使交流变得容易了,但是却抑制了面对 面沟通
37、”,故选 B。 3.From thepassage,we can learnthatthewriter_. A. worriesaboutthesafetyofthesmartwatch B. thinkshighlyoftheprogressoftechnology C. introducesthenewest kindof smartphones D. preferssingle-purposewatchesthattellthetime 解析: D. 推理判断题。 本题询问的是作者的观点。根据最后一段关键句I personallylikemysingle-purposewatch tha
38、t simplytellsme thetime! “我个人喜欢只告诉我时间的单一目的的手表。”,故选D。 4.What isprobablythebesttitleforthispassage? A. The AppleWatch:The LatestInvention B. The AppleWatch:Smartand Fashionable C. The AppleWatch:TechnologyGone Too Far? D. The AppleWatch:AConvenientWay toExercise? 解析: C. 主旨大意题。通篇浏览文章,根据第二段关键句Isthisa sm
39、artinventionor technologygone toofar? “这是智能发明还是科技浪费?”可知作者要讨论的主题,以下的文章都是针对这个主题进行描述的,故选 C。 精讲笔记 (学生在教师的指导下,回顾本讲中积累的阅读理解的知识和方法) 2019年北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 10 语篇中积累的词汇(至少积累10 个) 单词词性及词义单词的运用(鼓励学生用所学词汇造句) 语篇中的学到的方法(至少掌握2 种) 细节理解 题 1 推理判断 题 3 词义猜测 题 2 主旨大意 题 4 基础过关 一、词汇 / 短语英汉互译 单词/ 短语词性词义 能力提升 2019年北
40、京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 11 v.暗示,建议 v.行动,表演,起作用 connectv. stylishadj. appearancen. adj.积极的 v.收到,接待 adj.社会的 no longer v.检查,核对 despiteprep. purposefuladj. particularadj. adj.室外,户外的 adv.亲自地,就个人而言地 二、句子英汉互译 1.感谢 Bob和他的一家人,我们周末在那里的派对很愉快。 _. 2.站在树下的女孩子真的很迷人。 _. 3. Not onlydoes itshow us thetime,but italso
41、actsas a fitnessmonitorand a messaging device thatcan be connectedwithan iPhone. _. 4.Thanks totheinventionofthesmartwatch,we willno longerhave toreachforour phones to check our messages. _. 5. A group of friendssittingata tableina restaurantwilloverlookeach otheras everyonewill be toobusy watchingt
42、heirwristsinexpectationofa new message. _. 2019年北京中考英语二轮复习阅读理解第8 讲及训练题含解析 12 阅读练习 话题体裁字数建议用时实际用时正确率星级 日常生活类议论文4037 分钟_/4 Being busy can become a way of life.Our livesare always filledwithemailsand textmessages. They make us feelwanted and important,butina tiringand empty way. Being busy has a danger
43、ous allure( 诱惑).Ifyou are busy allthe time,it shard to sitquietlywithyour thoughtsor to really feelwhat youre feeling.Whynot leteverythingbecome a choice how we spend time,who wereply toand how much or littlewe write? Many of us are busy because our self-worthgoes up when peoplemake demands ( 需求) on
44、 our time. Whydont we freeourselvesfrom needing,or even wanting?Why dont we make thebestuse of the timeand space tobe productiveina way thatitbestservesus? That may be consciously( 主动地) keepingourselvesnot busy.In factmany greatdiscoverieswere made by people who builtwhilespace intotheirday. Imagine
45、 asking“Howare you?” to one of the most successfulpeople you know likeWarren Buffet. I ve neverheardanyone atthatlevelanswer “busy”thoughmost peoplebelievetheyare. What aretheydoingdifferently? First,theyaim to projectan image thatthingsare under control.Second,theyactuallyhave thingsunder control.T
46、heyve had excellentstaff,implemented( 实施) thoughtfulprocessesand they spend timeonlyon criticaltasksthatrequiretheirattention.They make high-levelstrategic decisionswitha largeeffect. It s timeto end the gloryof beingbusy and spend time settingup processesthatmake sense, ratherthansimplyworkingmore
47、hours.To do this,you need tochange yourway of thinking.It s coolto say youre busy,but it sbetterto be busy helpingsomeone carrya strollerup the subway stairsor busy finishinga book. How tofreeus fromthetrendof beingbusy? Startwithsmallsteps.For one day,be mindful of every dailyactivity.Consider each thinga choiceand decide proactively( 预先) ifit snecessary or simplya habityou can getridof ordo inhalfthetime.Next,stopsayinghow busy you are. Then, figureout what you want to achievewithyour day and begin doingit,Put your timeand energy where you want tobe. 1.What are
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-3992766.html