2015高考英语热点题型专题专题06动词和动词短语.pdf
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1、【高频考点解读】 动词和动词短语,在历年高考题中所占比例最大,设题时往往都是给出四个不同的动词或短语来测试 考生在具体语境中对动词短语意义的理解和运用能力。主要出现在单项选择及完形填空中,考纲要求在复 习备考中要掌握以下几个方面: 1.动词的词义; 2.动词搭配; 3.动词短语; 4.及物动词和不及物动词的特殊用法;5.常用动词的用法; 【热点题型】 题型一与不同介词 (副词 )搭配的动词 例 1、Our car broke down suddenly and the heavy rain _ our helplessness. A made out Bled to C turned out
2、Dadded to 例 2、The boy was so careless that the glass fell from his hand and it _ on the floor. A broke in Bbroke down C broke up Dbroke out 例 3、 The great damage which the destructive earthquake in Japan in March 11,2011 _ made a great many people homeless. A brought in Bbrought about C brought up D
3、brought out 例 4、A wellwritten composition _ good choice of words and clear organization among other things. A calls on Bcalls up C calls for Dcalls off 例 5、If you _ faults but you still want the bicycle,ask the shop assistant to reduce the price. A come across Bcare about C look for Dfocus upon 例 6、
4、The chairman asked me to _ the report,because he didnt want to speak for too long at this meeting. A cut out Bcut away Ccut off Dcut down 例 7、Stop talking nonsense. Lets _ to doing our experiment. A get in Bget off C get down Dget across 例 8、After hours of repeating ,her patience finally _ . A gave
5、out Bgave off C gave up Dgave back 例 9、There is no beer left and the bars are shut,so youll have to _. A go out Bgo off C go without Dgo through 例 10、Id _ that house for the time being ;house prices are rising sharply at the moment. A hold on to Bcome up to C give in to Dlook up to 【提分秘籍】 1add短语 add
6、 to 增加,增添add up 加起来add up to 总计,共达 3bring 短语 bring about 导致,引起 bring down 使倒下;降低(费用,开支,价格等) bring in 引进;挣得 bring on 使发展,有助于生长;引起,导致(疾病,战争等) bring out 使展现;阐明;出版 bring up 养育,培养;呕吐;提出(建议、论点等) 4call 短语 call for 需要;邀请call on 号召;访问 call in 召集;召来call up 召唤,召集;打电话 call off 取消 5carry 短语 carry on 继续,坚持carry o
7、ut 执行,实施 carry off 夺走,夺去 的生命 carry through 帮助渡过 (难关 );完成,实现 6come 短语 come about 发生come across偶遇 come to 共计;达到;苏醒come true 变为现实 come up 走上前;被提出come up with 提出 come into being 形成come into use 投入使用 7cut 短语 cut down 砍倒;削减;压缩cut in 插入;插嘴 cut off 隔绝;切断;停止(供应 ) cut out 删除 cut up 切碎 8die 短语 die away(声音、风、光线
8、/情绪 )逐渐消失 die down(风、雨、光线)逐渐平息 die of 死于 (疾病、衰老、饥饿等) die from 死于 (意外事故或不注意的原因) die out 灭绝,绝种die off 相继死去 9get 短语 get about 四处走动;传开get across传达 get away 逃脱,设法离开get down 下来;记下 get in 收割get off 出发;下班 get together 聚会get through 接通;通过 get down to 开始认真干get over 克服 get along/on with 在 进展;相处 10give 短语 give
9、up 放弃give in 屈服 give out 用尽;分发give away 泄露;赠送;颁发 give off 发出give back 归还;使恢复 11go 短语 go against 违背;对 不利go ahead开始;进展;进行 go after/for 追逐;追求go without 勉强维持;凑合 go in for 爱好;参加;从事go through 通过;经历 go over 复习;仔细审查go by 过去;经过 12hold 短语 hold back 隐瞒;控制 (情感 ) hold out 维持;抵抗;硬撑 hold up 使 耽搁hold on 坚持;别挂 (电话 )
10、 hold together 团结一致hold on to 保留;抓住不放 13keep短语 keep away(from) 使远离keep back 扣除;隐瞒不讲 keep off 避开;不接近keep on 继续 keep out 挡在外边; (警示语 )请勿靠近 keep up 保持;不低落;继续;持续 keep up with 跟上 14look 短语 look about/around/round 环顾 look after 照顾;照看look down upon 看不起 look forward to 盼望look into 向里看;调查 look on 旁观look out 当
11、心;找出;朝外看 look over 检查;查阅 look through 浏览;温习;看穿 look up 向上看;查阅;(形势 )好转 look up to 尊敬 (人,行为 ) 15make 短语 make up for 补偿;弥补make out 辨认出 make fun of 取笑make up ones mind 下定决心 make sense有道理 (意义 ),讲得通 make good/full use of. 充分利用 make up 编造;组成,构成;补齐;凑足 16pick 短语 pick out 挑出;区别出,分辨出 pick up 拿起,捡起;收拾;偶然获得,学会;接
12、收(节目 ); (开车 )去接; (顺便 )捎带;染上 (疾病 );有起色;好转 17put 短语 put aside 把 放在一边put away 把 收好 put down 扑灭;平息put forward 提出 put off 延期;推诿put out 扑灭;生产 put up 挂起;张贴;搭起;为(某人 )提供食宿 put up with 忍受;容忍 19take 短语 take away 拿走;带走;消除(病痛 ) take after(性格、外貌 )像 take down 记下;放下;拆除 take for granted 认为 理所当然 take in 吸收;收留,收养;理解,领
13、会;欺骗 take off 起飞;脱下;休假;走红;(事业 )腾飞 take on 呈现;雇用take over 接管;接任 来源 :Zxxk.Com take to 开始,喜欢;沉溺于 take up 拿起;从事;占据(时间或空间 );继续 (被中断的事 ) 20turn 短语 turn down 拒绝;调低turn in 上交 turn out 结果是;证明是turn over 移交;交给 turn up 出现;调高turn off 关掉 turn on 打开turn away 走开 turn to 求助于;翻到 【举一反三】 1. At the edge of the grass,the
14、res a sign saying“ _ the grass” A keep up Bkeep away C keep off Dkeep back 2. The authorities will _ the case further before they can come to a conclusion about it. A look out Blook up C look through Dlook into 3. I dont believe what he told us about meeting Yi Zhongtian.I think he was _ the story.
15、A making up Btaking up C keeping up Dbringing up 4. I can _ the house being untidy ,but I hate it if its not clean. A come up with Bput up with C turn to Dstick to 5. As the road to the airport is under reconstruction ,wed better _ early to avoid the traffic jam. A pay off Bset off C put off Dtake o
16、ff 6. She was tired and wanted to find a bench to sit on for a while ,but they were all _. A given away Bkept away C taken up Dused up 7. Everything begins hard.Dont hesitate to _ me if you are in difficulty. Thank you,I will. A turn out Bturn in Cturn to Dturn on 【热点题型】 题型二同一介词 (副词 )与不同的动词搭配 例 11、
17、The government has taken measures to _ the high prices of daily goods to ke ep the market stable. A take down Bbring down 来源 :Zxxk.Com C hand down Dtear down 例 12、You cant predict everything. Often things dont _ as you expect. A run out Bbreak out C work out Dput out 【提分秘籍】 1动词和about 构成的短语 think abo
18、ut 思考care about 关心;对 有兴趣 bring about 引起;使发生come about 发生 hear about 听说worry about 为 担心 2动词和away 构成的短语 throw away 扔掉clear away 清除掉;消散 die away 逐渐消失;减弱wash away 冲 走 take away 拿走;使消失put away 收拾起来;存起来 3动词和down 构成的短语 break down 坏了;垮了;分解turn down 调小;拒绝 cut down 削减;砍倒slow down 慢下来 put down 记下;写下;镇压tear dow
19、n 拆毁;拆除 4动词和for 构成的短语 wait for 等候stand for 代表,表示 long for 渴望care for 关心;喜欢 search for 寻找look for 寻找 call for 需要,要求hunt for 寻找 apply for 申请seek for 寻找 5动词和in 构成的短语 give in 让步hand in 上交 bring in 引进;赚得;挣drop in 拜访 result in 导致succeed in 在 获得成功 join in 参加 6动词和of 构成的短语 think of 想到dream of 梦到 consist of 由
20、 组成approve of 赞成 die of 死于hear of 听说 complain of 抱怨 7动词和on 构成的短语 depend on 依靠rely on 依靠 insist on 坚持carry on 继续;进行 keep/go on 继续spend on 在 上花 (钱) put on 穿上;戴上;上演feed on 以 为生 8动词和out 构成的短语 break out 爆发point out 指出 bring out 阐明,使表现出carry out 执行;进行 来源 学+科 +网 turn out 结果是;生产;培养work out 算出;想出办法 find out
21、查出;弄明白try out 试用;试验 look out 当心;提防 9动词和over 构成的短语 think over 仔细考虑go over 审阅;检查;研究 look over 翻阅;检查get over 克服 来源:Z.xx.k.Com take over 接管;接替 10动词和up 构成的短语 give up 放弃;停止;中止build up 建立 set up 架起;建立put up 搭起;安装;住宿;张贴 pick up 拾起;学会;收听到bring up 抚养;呕吐;提出 tear up 撕碎stay up 熬夜 eat up 吃完make up 构成;组成 cut up 切碎
22、hold up 耽搁;使停顿 【举一反三】 We did have a quarrel about money last night ,but now we have already _. A taken up Bmade up C put up Dbrought up 【热点题型】 题型三熟词新意 例 13、Encourage your children to try new things, but try not to _them too hard. A draw Bstrike C rush Dpush 【提分秘籍】 动词的考查主要集中在动词词义和结构的掌握上,要求学生熟练掌握一些高频动
23、词的词义和搭配。此 外,从近几年新课标地区的试题情况来看,动词与动词短语的熟词新义在具体语境中的运用也应高度重视。 acknowledge 承认;就 表示感谢;告知收到 (信件等 ); 对 打招呼 say 说;表明;宣称,声明 observe 观察;注意到;遵守,奉行(法律、习俗、规章等);纪念,庆祝 save保留,保存 (keep sth to use or enjoy in the future ;节省,节约;挽救;储蓄 cover 覆盖; 涉及; 包含; 包括, 涉及; 论及; 负担支付; 够付 (费用 );采访关于 的新闻; 报道 ( 的新闻等 );走过 (若干里 ),走完 (一段路程
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