A Probe into the Infinitive in English 英语毕业学士论文《英语不定式探析》 .doc
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1、英语不定式探析A Probe into the Infinitive in EnglishAbstractThe infinitive which is quite important appears frequently in English, and it is undoubtedly an integral part of English grammar and also, in fact, usually turns up in secondary school entrance examinations. However, it is the obvious fact that th
2、e infinitive is a difficult point in teaching and learning. It is quite important for us to master it in English language study. But when the writer of this paper has to turn to some pages of articles that some learners wrote, he gets the information that few works elaborate this grammatical phenome
3、non. Therefore, the writer of this paper aims to make up for it. So the primary goal of this research is to give a systematic introduction of its definition, forms, grammatical functions, moods, and phrases and sentences concerning infinitives based on illustrations and analyses with the knowledge o
4、f English grammar. And after the probe, the writer of this paper gets the fact that there are many aspects that the infinitive refers to and they are not systematic, causing a lot of trouble in understanding of the infinitive in study. So it is necessary for us to get a systematic understanding. The
5、 writer hopes that this research can help teaching and learning and make the students use infinitives correctly. Key words: infinitive;forms;grammatical functions;moods 英语不定式探析内容摘要不定式在英语中被广泛的应用,是英语语法的重要组成部分,也是中高考的常考考点之一,在英语中起着举足轻重的作用。但同时也是英语中教与学的难点。掌握不定式对英语的学习起着关键的作用。然而本人在看过多篇前人的文献后发现很多都没有对这个语法现象进行全
6、面系统的阐述。所以本人想借此机会用例证法和分析法来结合语法知识对不定式的定义,形式,语法功能,表示的语气以及英语中常见涉及不定式的短语和句型进行系统的阐述。经过探析发现,不定式涉及的方面很多很零碎。让学生在英语学习过程中带来了理解和掌握的不易。我们需要对不定式有一个系统的认识才能更好的掌握它。希望本篇文章可以让学生对不定式有更清楚地理解和认识。同时也希望能够对英语的教与学有所帮助。 关键词:不定式;形式;语法功能;语气 A Probe into the Infinitive in EnglishThesis StatementThe infinitive which plays a signi
7、ficant part in English is a difficult point in teaching and learning. It is quite necessary for us to get a systematic understanding for the sake of mastering it better.Outline. Introduction. The Classification of InfinitiveA. The Infinitive Including to B. The Infinitive Without to. The Forms of In
8、finitive and the MeaningA. The General Form B. The Continuous Form C. The Passive Form D. The Perfect Form E. The Negative Form F. The Interrogative Form . The Function of Infinitive in a SentenceA. As a SubjectB. As an ObjectC. As a PredicativeD. As an AttributiveE. As an AdverbialF. As a Complemen
9、tG. As an Independent Structure. The Introduction of be to do StructureA. Expressing Plan and PurposeB. Expressing OrderC. Expressing PossibilityD. Expressing DestinyE. Expressing Asking for AdviceF. Expressing Future and Prediction. ConclusionA Probe into the Infinitive in English. IntroductionAs w
10、e all know, it is the obvious fact that the infinitive is widely used in English. At the same time, they are undoubtedly a significant part of English grammar. It also appears frequently in secondary school entrance examinations and has a crucial to play in English. However, it is, as the case stand
11、s, one of the difficult points in English language teaching and learning. It is quite important for us to master it when we are learning English. And it is concerned with quite number of aspects that students must know if they want to get a better understanding or mastering such as the definition, f
12、orms, grammatical functions, the moods it expresses, and the phrases and sentences concerning infinitives. However, quite few works put them together in a systematic way but just elaborate some portions of it. So the author tries to make the research into an organic system by illustrations and analy
13、ses with the knowledge of English grammar, aiming to make the infinitive easier for students to understand and master, hoping the paper can make a little contribution to English language teaching and learning. Sometimes, as the case stands, many a student may unclearly know what the infinitive is. I
14、n fact, the infinitive taking verb infinitive as its full name which comprises infinitive symbol to that sometimes can be omitted and the verbs base form is a kind of infinite verb and has a very important role to play in English . It is also of characteristics of verb, together with noun, adjective
15、 and adverb with general form, continuous form, perfect form, passive form, negative form and interrogative form. Object and adverbial can follow it directly owing to its characteristic of verb though it can not be used as predicate because it belongs to non-finite verbs. But the infinitive itself c
16、an be subject, object, attributive, adverbial and complement in sentences ascribing to its characteristics of nouns, adjectives and adverbs. Furthermore, there is no direct subject for the infinitive in a sentence although it can express the meaning of a verb. But it is beyond doubt that it has its
17、own performer and that performer is called logical subject. The Classification of InfinitiveUsually, the infinitive, in fact, can be divided into two kinds of forms, according to the infinitive symbols presence or absence. One is the infinitive including to. The other is the infinitive without to. F
18、irst, let us come to the former.A. The Infinitive Including toThe infinitive including the infinitive sign to usually follows some different kinds of verbs.1. The verbs has the same meaning when they are followed infinitive or gerundThey are usually like, love, hate, prefer, begin, start, continue,
19、cant bear, bother, intend, attempt, cease etc. There are some examples listed as follows:(1) He likes to travel alone.(2) He began to do this job last year.(3) Dont bother to get dinner for me.2. The verbs has the different meanings when they are followed infinitiveor gerundThey are usually forget,
20、remember, regret, mean, try, cant help, stop etc. There are some examples listed as follows:(1) I forgot to tell you about it.(2) I forgot telling you about it.(3) I remembered to give the book to Li Lei.(4) I remembered giving the book to Li Lei, but he said I didnt.(5) I regretted having broken th
21、e rules of our class.(6) I didnt mean to bother you.(7) What he said means going there by air?(8) Ill try to catch up with my friends.(9) I tried reading the text without consulting my dictionary. (10) Im very busy now, so I cant help (to) clean the room.(11) The girl couldnt help crying when she sa
22、w her mother again.3. The verbs has the different voices when they are followed infinitive or gerund They are usually need, require, want, deserve etc. Two examples are given to you:(1) The flowers need to be watered every day. = The flowers need watering every day. (2) The car wants to be repaired.
23、 = The car wants repairing.B. The Infinitive Without toSometimes in English the infinitive symbol to is often left out. Typically, the infinitive symbol to should be omitted in the occasions listed as follows.1. After the phrase had betterWhen the infinitive follows the phrase had better, the infini
24、tive symbol to must be absence. For example, in the sentence “You had better go home now”, “go” in fact is the infinitive omitted the sign to.2. After why notWhen the infinitive is put after why not, the infinitive sign to should also be omitted. For example, in the sentence “Why not study with us?”
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