研究生入学考试英语真题.pdf
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1、1 / 16 2018年研究生入学考试英语真题 Section I Use of English Directions: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 pointsb5E2RGbCAP Ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle viewed laughter as “a bodily exercise precious to health. ” But ?_som
2、e claims to the contrary, laughing probably has little influence on physical filness Laughter does _short-term changes in the function of the heart and its blood vessels, _ heart rate and oxygen consumption But because hard laughter is difficult to _, a good laugh is unlikely to have _ benefits the
3、way, say, walking or jogging does.p1EanqFDPw _, instead of straining muscles to build them, as exercise does, laughter apparently accomplishes the _, studies dating back to the 1930s indicate that laughter. muscles,DXDiTa9E3d Such bodily reaction might conceivably help_the effects of psychological s
4、tress.Anyway,the act of laughing probably does produce other types of _feedba ck,that improve an individuals emotional state. _one classical theory of emotion,our feelings are partially rooted _ physical reactions. It was argued at the end of the 19th century that humans do not cry _they are sad but
5、 they become sad when te tears begin to flow.RTCrpUDGiT Although sadness also _ tears,evidence suggests that emotions can flow _ muscular responses.In an experiment published in 1988,social psychologist Fritz.5PCzVD7HxA 1.Aamong Bexcept Cdespite Dlike 2.Areflect Bdemand Cindicate Dproduce 3.Astabili
6、zing Bboosting Cimpairing DdeterminingjLBHrnAILg 2 / 16 4.Atransmit Bsustain Cevaluate Dobserve 5.Ameasurable Bmanageable Caffordable DrenewablexHAQX74J0X 6.AIn turn BIn fact CIn addition DIn brief 7.Aopposite Bimpossible Caverage Dexpected 8.Ahardens Bweakens Ctightens Drelaxes 9.Aaggravate Bgenera
7、te Cmoderate Denhance 10.Aphysical Bmental Csubconscious DinternalLDAYtRyKfE 11.AExcept for BAccording to CDue to DAs forZzz6ZB2Ltk 12.Awith Bon Cin Dat 13.Aunless Buntil Cif Dbecause 14.Aexhausts Bfollows Cprecedes DsuppressesdvzfvkwMI1 15.Ainto Bfrom Ctowards Dbeyond 16.Afetch Bbite Cpick Dhold 17
8、.Adisappointed Bexcited Cjoyful Dindifferentrqyn14ZNXI 18.Aadapted Bcatered Cturned Dreacted 19.Asuggesting Brequiring Cmentioning DsupposingEmxvxOtOco 20.AEventually BConsequently CSimilarly DConverselySixE2yXPq5 Section II Reading Comprehension Part A Directions: 3 / 16 Read the following four tex
9、ts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points6ewMyirQFL Text 1 The decision of the New York Philharmonic to hire Alan Gilbert as its next music director has been the talk of the classical-music world ever since the sudden announcem
10、ent of his appointment in 2009. For the most part, the response has been favorable, to say the least. “Hooray! At last!” wrote Anthony Tommasini, a sober-sided classical-music critic.kavU42VRUs One of the reasons why the appointment came as such a surprise, however, is that Gilbert is comparatively
11、little known. Even Tommasini, who had advocated Gilbert s appointment in the Times, calls him “an unpretentious musician with no air of the formidable conductor about him.” As a description of the next music director of an orchestra that has hitherto been led by musicians like Gustav Mahler and Pier
12、re Boulez, that seems likely to have struck at least some Times readers as faint praise.y6v3ALoS89 For my part, I have no idea whether Gilbert is a great conductor or even a good one. To be sure, he performs an impressive variety of interesting compositions, but it is not necessary for me to visit A
13、very Fisher Hall, or anywhere else, to hear interesting orchestral music. All I have to do is to go to my CD shelf, or boot up my computer and download still more recorded music from iTunes.M2ub6vSTnP Devoted concertgoers who reply that recordings are no substitute for live performance are missing t
14、he point. For the time, attention, and money of the art-loving public, classical instrumentalists must compete not only with opera houses, dance troupes, theater companies, and museums, but also with the recorded performances of the great classical musicians of the 20th century. There recordings are
15、 cheap, available everywhere, and very often much higher in artistic quality than today s live performances。moreover, they can be “consumed ” at a time and place of the listeners choosing. The widespread availability of such recordings has thus brought about a crisis in the institution of the tradit
16、ional classical concert.0YujCfmUCw 4 / 16 One possible response is for classical performers to program attractive new music that is not yet available on record. Gilberts own interest in new music has been widely noted: Alex Ross, a classical-music critic, has described him as a man who is capable of
17、 turning the Philharmonic into “a markedly different, more vibrant organization.” But what will be the nature of that difference? Merely expanding the orchestras repertoire will not be enough. If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed, they must first change the relationship between America s o
18、ldest orchestra and the new audience it hops to attract.eUts8ZQVRd 21. We learn from Para.1 that Gilberts appointment hassQsAEJkW5T Aincurred criticism. Braised suspicion. Creceived acclaim. Daroused curiosity. 22. Tommasini regards Gilbert as an artist who is Ainfluential. Bmodest. Crespectable. Dt
19、alented. 23. The author believes that the devoted concertgoersGMsIasNXkA Aignore the expenses of live performances. Breject most kinds of recorded performances. Cexaggerate the variety of live performances. Doverestimate the value of live performances. 5 / 16 24. According to the text, which of the
20、following is true of recordings?TIrRGchYzg AThey are often inferior to live concerts in quality.7EqZcWLZNX BThey are easily accessible to the general public.lzq7IGf02E CThey help improve the quality of music. DThey have only covered masterpieces. 25. Regarding Gilberts role in revitalizing the Philh
21、armonic, the author feelszvpgeqJ1hk Adoubtful. Benthusiastic. Cconfident. Dpuzzled. Text 2 When Liam McGee departed as president of Bank of America in August, his explanation was surprisingly straight up. Rather than cloaking his exit in the usual vague excuses, he came right out and said he was lea
22、ving “to pursue my goal of running a company.” Broadcasting his ambition was “very much my decision,” McGee says. Within two weeks, he was talking for the first time with the board of Hartford Financial Services Group, which named him CEO and chairman on September 29.NrpoJac3v1 McGee says leaving wi
23、thout a position lined up gave him time to reflect on what kind of company he wanted to run. It also sent a clear message to the outside world about his aspirations. And McGee isn t alone. In recent weeks the No.2 executives at Avon and American Express quit with the explanation that they were looki
24、ng for a CEO post. As boards scrutinize succession plans in response to shareholder pressure, executives who dont get the nod also may 6 / 16 wish to move on. A turbulent businessenvironment also has senior managers cautious of letting vague pronouncements cloud their reputations.1nowfTG4KI As the f
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