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1、2018 年上海高考英语试卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conv
2、ersation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. M:Good morning. Can Ihelp you? W:Yes, this dress is too long. Would you please shorten it for me? Q :Where doesthe conversation most probably t
3、ake place? 2. W: Jack, you look tired. M:Yes, I got piles of work to do. But it gives me a great sense of achievement. Q:What can we learn about the man? 3. W:John, whats up? Why are you standing on the desk? M:The lights suddenly went off. The bulb must have burnt out. Q: What is the man most proba
4、bly doing? 4. W:I will take this room, how muchis the rent? M:Well,two hundred pounds each month. You need to pay three months rent inadvance, plus a deposit of 100 pounds. Q:Accordingto the man, how much should the woman pay in total? 5. W:Ill take an interview for a part time librarian tomorrow. M
5、:Dont worry. Others stand no chance, if you take the interview. Q:How does the man feel about the womans chance of getting the job? 6. M :I couldnt sleep at all last night. The bed isnot comfortable. W:Dont blame the bed. You should stop drinking wine. Q: What does the woman imply? 7. W:Andy, I boug
6、ht a shirt for you. M:Thank you. I hope you kept the receipt. Ive put on some weight. Q:What does the man imply? 8. W:Im terribly sorry, but your flight has been canceled. N:What? In that case, I hope you will put meup somewhere tonight. Q: What does the man expect a woman to do for him? 9. W:A new
7、hotel is looking for workers. They need three hundred new workers. But over 4,000 people showed up . M:Yes, I saw the news onTV. Istill have my job, thank goodness. Q:What are the speakers talking about? 10. W:Professor smith explained the physics problem very clearly. M:Did he? Unfortunately, it is
8、 still all Greek to me. Q: What can we learn from the conversation? Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation, after each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions, the passage andthe conversation will be read twice,but the question
9、s will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on yourpaper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following talk. With a fascinating past and more than four centuries of history, St. Augu
10、stine is one of the nations oldest cities and an American treasure. Located on Florida s Atlantic coast, it is home to many fine examples of European architecture and wild scenic views. In 1513, while looking for the storied fountain of youth, an explorer found this land and called it La Florida, an
11、d claimed it for Spain, then in 1565, a Spanish conquer established a settlement there and named it St. Augustine, except fora twenty year period of English rule. Floridaremained under Spanish ruleuntil the United States took control in 1821. In the years after its founding, the city of St. Augustin
12、ewas attacked by the French and English and by native Americans, you are said to have shot flaming arrowsat the citys defensive building, setting it on fire. More recently, nature has stricken the regionwith hurricanes, Matthew on 2016 and Irma in 2017. Still.St Augustine endures. As the region reco
13、vers, visitors shouldnt overlook it. St. Augustinehas suffered muchin its long history. Hopefully, visitors will come andperhapssupport theFlorida s coast recovery, while discovering its centuries of history and miles of coastal beauty. Questions: 11. Which country first governed Florida in history?
14、 12. Which of the following statements is true of Saint Augustine? 13. What is the passage mainly about? P.S. La Florida-佛罗里达的西班牙语名词 Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following talk. Transport for London has a lost property office which collects the items left behind aspeople flow through the
15、 citys transport system each day. It is the biggest lost property office in Europe, beaten globally only by Tokyos. Sixty five staff sort through hundreds of thousands of lostand forgotten items each at the office, which is run by Paul Cowan. Accordingto the latest data, Cowan s team dealt with over
16、 three hundred thousand items in the first quarter of the year. Asthe data reveals, very feware claimed. For example, of the nearly 13,000 keys handed into lost property last year, just under 1,400 were returned to their owners, saysCowan. Overall, twenty percent of stock is claimed within three mon
17、th. After that time, stock becomes the propertyof transport forLondon. Andits not necessarily theitems youd expect. A wander through the three basement floors that make up the lost property office gives us an idea of whatwevalue enough to recover and what were happy to let go. Cowan has discovered s
18、omething interesting about the complexity of lost shoes. He said, if you have oneshoe, youare more likely to go looking forthe other. If you lose twoshoes, well,its slightly out of sight, out of mind. He guesses many people regard loss as anopportunity to treat themselves to something new. Questions
19、: 14. What isthe passage mainly about? 15. Which of the followingis true of the lost items? 16.According to Cowan, why dont somepeople get their lost shoes back? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. W: I have a goodfeeling about this house. M: If you like the outside, you
20、re going to really love the inside. W: What abeautiful home!And I likethe way thewindow screengives you privacy from the street. M: Follow me into the kitchen. Youwill love it. W: Wow! They put a wine storage area in the kitchen. I love it! The best part is the bedroom and attached bathroom. I love
21、the relaxing colorsof the wall and floor covering. Id like to makean offer on this house. M: As yourhouseagent, Im here to take care of this process. How much were you planning on offering? W: I really like the house and will pay the full asking price of 380,000 dollars. M:We d better leave ourselve
22、s some bargaining room.Lets offer 350,000 dollars. W: That soundsgood. But I dont want this house to get away from me. M: The market is fairly down right now. So the offer is a realistic one. W: When will we know if they ll accept the offer? M: The owners usually respond to an offer within a few day
23、s? W: Should Ibe contacting mybank in the meantime? M:Youre already pre-qualifiedfor your loan. So youre in good shape. Questions: 17. What isthe woman mostprobably doing? 18. What does the woman like best in the kitchen? 19. What does the woman think of the man s offer on the house at first? 20. Wh
24、ich of the followingis true according to the passage? 标题 语法:标题S between 2010 and 2015 only 63 percent had, the study found. “People say, Oh, its because teenagers are more responsible, or more lazy, or more boring, but theyre missing the larger trend,“ said Jean Twenge, lead author of the study, whi
25、chdrew on seven large time-lag surveys of Americans. Rather, she said, kids may be less interested in activitiessuch as dating, driving or getting jobsbecausein todays society, they no longer need to. Accordingto an evolutionary psychology theory that a persons “life strategy“ slows down or speeds u
26、p depending on his or her surroundings, exposure to a “harsh and unpredictable“ environment leads tofaster development, while a more resource-rich and secure environment has the opposite effect,the study said. In the first scenario, “Youd have a lot of kids and be in survival mode, start havingkidsy
27、oung, expect your kids will have kids young, and expect that there will be more diseases and fewer resources,“ said Twenge, a psychology professor at San Diego State University who is the author of “iGen: Why Todays Super-Connected Kids Are Growing UpLess Rebellious, More Tolerant, Less Happy - and
28、Completely Unprepared forAdulthood.“ Acenturyago, when life expectancywas lower andcollege education less prevalent, “the goal back then was survival, not violin lessons by 5,“ Twenge said. Inthat model a teenage boy might be thinking more seriously about marriage, and driving acar and working for p
29、ay would be important for “establishing mate value based on procurement of resources,“ the study said. But America is shifting more toward the slower model, and the change is apparent across the socioeconomic spectrum, Twenge said. “Even in families whose parents didnt have a college education.famil
30、ies are smaller, and the idea thatchildren need to be carefully nurtured has reallysunk in.“ The postponement of “adult activities“ could not be attributed to more homework or extracurricular activities, the study said, noting that teens today spend fewer hours on homework and the same amount of tim
31、e on extracurriculars as they did in the 1990s (with the exception of community service, which has risen slightly). Nor could the use of smartphones and the Internet be entirely the cause, thereport said, since thedecline began before they were widely available. 读 阅读 A 大致内容:Mataila 这个地方还在用 shell 当钱使
32、用。 其中要猜一个词是:mint (铸币厂),应该上下文蛮好猜滴! 题源: https:/ 原文: On the island of Malaita, shells are money 每段大意: 1. 银行是现代发明,不久前- 物物交换 2. 过去 - 不同形式的货币:金银、烟草、贝壳 3. 现在 -M 岛屿还在用贝壳作货币 4. Justlike a mint, 在此岛屿上只有一个地方做那种很值钱的贝壳货币 5. 岛上人储蓄贝壳货币与储存美元也没两样 由以下文章改编: Apparently, the idea of money thats not tied to a specific ba
33、nk or a specific country is appealing to many. But its worth remembering that the banking system that we now all live with is just that: A modern invention.Not so long ago, money was almost always created and used locally, and bartering was common. (In fact, it still iscommon among many online local
34、 networks, like the Buy NothingProject.). Inthe past, moneys makeup varied from place to place, depending on what was considered valuable there. So while some of the worlds first coins were made from a naturally occurring hybrid of gold and silver called electrum, objects other than coins have serve
35、d as currency, including beads, ivory, livestock, and cowrie shells. In West Africa, bracelets of bronze or copper were used as cash, especially if the transaction was associated with the slave trade there. Throughout the colonial period, tobacco was used in lieu of coins or paper bills in Virginia,
36、 Maryland and North Carolina, even though it was used elsewhere in the colonies and extensively throughout Europe and the U.K. Today, on an island in the Pacific, a specific type of shell still serves as currency and some people there are even hoarding it, just like Bitcoin moguls, convinced that on
37、e day, it will make them wealthy beyond imagination. On Malaita, the most-populated island thats part of the Solomon Islands, shells areaccepted at most places in exchange for goods. “How much tunayou canget for your shells depends on their color and shape,“Mary Bruno, a shop owner from the small to
38、wn of Auki, on Malaita, told Vice. “One stripofdarker shellsmight get you about two cans of smaller tuna, but the red ones are worth more. For the red ones, one strip might get enough tuna to feed a big family fora long time.“ Just like a mint that creates coins, theres only one place on the island
39、where the shells, whichare polished and strung together to form3-foot-long ropes, are made. (You cansee how that works in the video above.) The strips of red, white, and black shells all come from Langa Langa Lagoon, where artificialislands were long-agobuilt by locals to escape from the island-dwel
40、ling cannibals. Once marooned out ontheir islands, locals needed a currency to use among themselves, and so the shellcurrency was born. Using shells for moneywas common throughoutthe Pacific islands as late as the early 1900s, but Malaita is unique in that they are still used today. And just like cr
41、yptocurrencies, there are those who think the islanders are smart to invest in this type of money, which is reported to have risen in value over the last three decades. It might seem strange to hoard abunch of processed, strung-together shells, but what is a pile ofdollars? Just a specially printed
42、piece of paper and hemp that weve assigned value to and probably less durable overtime thanthose shells. 读 阅读 B :移一颗老树 大致内容:某地区为了扩建医院而要移动一些百年老树,有一个 List 罗列了移动 树木的步骤,有一道题是有五张 图片,让你把移动的顺序排列正确的选项选出来。本道题给了 inflation(充气)的中 文解释,但是 deflation 没有, 看来要掌握前缀 de-哟!本篇文章俺花的时间最长,主要是不敢注视太久。 How Do You Move a Giant S
43、equoia? Boise, Idaho, recently relocated a century-old, living tree provided by John Muir Inhabitants of Boise, Idaho, watched with trepidation earlier this year as the citys oldest, tallest resident moved two blocks. The 105-year-old sequoia tree serves as a locallandmark, not only for itslongevity
44、 butalso because renowned naturalist and Sierra Club co-founder John Muir provided the original seedling. So, when Saint LukesHealth System found that the 10-story-tall conifer stood in the way of its planned hospital expansion, officials called tree-moving firm Environmental Design. The Texas-based
45、 company has developed and patented scooping and lifting technology to move massive trees. Weighing in at more than 800,000 pounds, the Boise sequoia is its largest undertaking yet. “ I had lost enough sleep over this,” says David Cox, the companys Western region vice president andthat was before th
46、e hospital mentioned the trees distinguished origin. Before the heavy lifting began, the teamassessedthe root system and dug a five-foot-deep cylinder, measuring 40 feet in diameter,around the trunk to protect all essential roots. After encapsulating the root ball inwire mesh, the movers allowed the
47、 treeto acclimateto its new situation for seven months before relocating it. The illustration details what followed. 读 阅读 C : budget line 大致内容: 我觉得很啰嗦地讲了一下 budget line 是咋回事。 有一个纵轴(vertical axis), 横轴 (horizontal axis),其 实只要高中数学坐标没白学的都知道在讲啥。举了一个 150 元买 movie tickets(单价 10 元)和 crime novels (单价 15 元) Th
48、e budget line is an elementary concept that most consumers understandintuitively without a need for graphs and equations - its the household budget, for example. Taken informally, thebudget line describes the boundary of affordability for a given budget and specific goods. One of the interesting way
49、s the study of economics relates to human behavior generally isthat a lot of economic theory is the formalization of the kind of simple conceptoutlined above - a consumers informal understanding of the amount she has to spend and what thatamount will buy. In the process of formalization, the concept can be expressed as a mathematical equation that can be applied generally. To understand this, think of a graph where the vertical lines quantify how many
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