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1、Units Part I Pre-Reading Task Script for the recording: Often it is in overcoming hardship that we come to appreciate the value of life. Gloria Estefan wrote this song when she was recovering from a serious road accident that had left her badly injured and near to death. She sings of the hard strugg
2、le she had to recover her health: Up to now for me its been hands against stone and of the search to find something that would give meaning to her life: Spent each and every moment Searching tor what to believe. But now she is beginning to get better; she can see light at the end of the tunnel. As s
3、he says: Coming out of the dark, I finally see the light now Its shining on me. It has been a tough road to recovery, but one made easier by the presence of her loved ones: . I have felt you Near all the way as she tells them. Ahead life holds out the promise of a new beginning, for: Starting again
4、is part of the pi an. Appendix I-119- She looks forward to this happy in the knowledge that she is loved and cared for. For she feels that with love you can stand up to anything. As she sings: Forever, forever I stand on the rock or your love Love is all it takes, no matter what we race. Now lets li
5、sten to her as she sings her song Coming Out of the Dark. Coming Out of the Dark Gloria Estefan Why be afraid if Im not alone Though life is never easy the rest in unknown Up to now for me its been hands against stone Spent each and every moment Searching for what to believe (chorus) Coming out of t
6、he dark, I finally see the light now Its shinning on me Coming out of the dark, I know the love that saved me Youre sharing with me Starting again is part of the plan And Ill be so much stronger holding your hand Step by step Ill make it through I know I can It may not make it easier but I have felt
7、 you Near all the way (repeat chorus) Forever, forever I stand on the rock of your love ForeverIll stand on the rock Forever, forever I stand on the rock of your love - 120 -Appendix I Love is all it takes, no matter what we race (chorus out) Part II Text A Text Organization 1. PartsParagraphsMain I
8、deas Part OneParas 1-2 Michael faced the most challenging competition in his pole-vaulting career. Part TwoParas 3-5 Michael s childhood was marked with dreams and tough training. Part ThreeParas 6-12 Michael topped his personal best, won the championship and set a new world record. Part FourPara 13
9、 What was most unusual about Michaels victory was that he was blind. 2. 1) It also has the element of flying, and the thought of flying as high as a two-story building is a mere fantasy to anyone watching such an event. As long as Michael could remember he had always dreamed of flying. 2) All of Mic
10、haels vaults today seemed to be the reward for his hard work. Vocabulary I. 1. 1) startled 3) tension 5) sweating 7) vain 9) anxiety 11) emotions 13) In my minds eye 15) mere 2) core 4) tense 6) stretched out 8) On one occasion 10) detail 12) ashamed of 14) recurring Appendix I- 121 - 2. 1) Mrs. Whi
11、tes birthday coincides with her husbands, iiovi 2) The writer was assisted in the preparation of this article by other members of her family. 3) It has been a week of alternate sunshine and rain. 4) Politics and philosophy had been his lifelong passions, although he studied economics at university.
12、5) She grew tense as she waited for her first TV interview. 3. 1) Jessicas victory in the World Championships, which has aroused the medias attention, again bears out the fact that she is one of the best gymnasts in the world. And no one can deny that it is a delight to watch her performing various
13、skills with natural grace. 2) With so many relatives along with friends coming to their wedding to congratulate them on their marriage, the young couple felt like the happiest people in the world. 3) Frank had made full preparations for his oral presentation. However, when he did begin to speak, he
14、was so overwhelmed by the intensity of the situation that he couldnt find a way to relax himself and made numerous mistakes. - - II. Collocation 1) Mike, a Green, made the suggestion that a large park be built near the community. 2) In a letter to his daughter, Mr. Smith expressed his wish that she
15、(should) continue her educa- tion to acquire still another degree. 3) There is no reason to hold the belief that humans have no direct moral responsibility to safe- guard the welfare of animals. 4) Children need to feel safe about the world they grow up in, and it is unwise to give them the idea tha
16、t everything they come into contact with might be a threat. 5) Anxiety can result from the notion that life has not treated us fairly. 6) Nobody believed his claim that he was innocent. III. Words with Multiple Meanings 1.1 work out in the gym for one hour every morning. 2. Florence has worked as a
17、cleaner at the factory for five years. 3. The wounded man worked his way across the field on his hands and knees. 4. The safe load for a truck of this type works out at about twenty-five tons. 5. It is difficult to understand how human minds work. 6. To my disappointment, the managers plan of promot
18、ing the new products doesnt work at all. 7. The teacher has a lot of experience of working with children who dont know how to learn. -122-Appendix I 8. The medicine began to work one hour after the child took it. Structure 1. (Answers may vary.) 1) It was his dream and hard work that made it possibl
19、e for him to set a world record in the pole vault. 2) It was nine years ago that I began to learn English. 3) It is my parents who have exerted the greatest influence on me. 4) It was in Central Park that I met John. 2. 1) Obviously what the speaker wanted to emphasize was the impact of these findin
20、gs rather than the process that led to these findings. 2) It seems that he is never bothered about what people would think about his behavior. 3) The CEO never hesitates to let his employees know what he is planning for the company. 4) The scientist will show the audience what a tele-operated robot
21、can do for a family. Comprehensive txercises I. Cloze (A) 1. In my minds eye 3. sweating 5. tense 7. preparation 9. media (B) 1. what 3. an 5. will 7. got 9. in 11.support 13.After 15.face 2. detail 4. relax 6. fantasy 8. congratulate 10. emotion 2. for 4. rarely/never 6. longed/wished 8. Then 10. l
22、ife 12. to 14. run 16. but Appendix I- 128 - II. Translation Psychologists have used numerous facts to bear out the argument/statement/claim that in order to recover speedily from negative emotion, you should allow yourself to cry. You neednt/ dont have to be ashamed of crying. Anxiety and sorrow ca
23、n flow out of the body along with tears. Consider the case of /Take Donna. Her son unfortunately died in a car accident. The inten- sity of the blow made her unable to cry. She said, “It was not until two weeks later that I began to cry. And then I felt as if a big stone had been lifted from my shou
24、lders. It was the tears that brought me back to earth.“ Part III TextB Comprehension Check l.b 3. b 5. c 2. c 4. b 6. a translation (#J he is hard and cruel by nature and rarely shows pity for the poor, rusrnc 2) The rescue team is racing the clock to salvage (打捞) the bodies of the sailors trapped i
25、n the sunken submarine ( 潜水艇) with sophisticated equipment. 3)The original draft of the declaration strongly reproaches some big powers for possessing large numbers of nuclear weapons and consuming too much of the earths natural re- sources. II. Synonyms 1. also 3. too 5. as well/too 7. also III. Us
26、age 1. I used to hate jogging but Im actually growing to like it now. 2. We didnt have the chance to see her she was too busy. 3. It seems she was coming to understand it better as she grew older. 4. How did you manage to become a television anchorwoman? 5. Gradually I came to like the proposal she
27、brought forward in the group discussion. 2. as well/too 4. also 6. too 8. Also Appendix I- 129 - 6. Youre becoming more and more like your mother. Structure 1. 1) If only it were that simple! 2) We could go out this afternoon if only it would stop raining. 3) If only she hadnt told David about that,
28、 everything would have been all right. 4) If only she hadnt come into the room at that particular moment. 2. 1) Tom is/was too intelligent for his class so he is/was not learning anything there. 2) The task is/was far too difficult for a nine-year-old. 3) There are/were too many people for such a sm
29、all room. 4) The noise became too much for me so I went and complained. Comprehensive Exercises I. Cloze (A) 1. incredible 3. care for 5. decorate 7. put pen to paper 9. piece of cake 11. despite (B) l.One 3. having 5. wrong 7. with 9. to 11. in 13. true 15. Eventually 17. later 2. corporation 4. se
30、t aside 6. move on 8. draft 10. get our act together 12. charmed 2. when 4. However 6. not 8. if 10. reads 12. should 14. up 16. plus II. Translation Barbara has dreamed of becoming a CEO for a long time. To achieve her hearts desire, she - 130 -Appendix I applied for a job in many a multi-national
31、corporation, but failed to get it. However, nothing seems to be able to undo her. With a loan from a local bank she opened a restaurant not long ago. While doing business she is having two young children to care for. Also, she is working at/studying for an MBA degree. Despite all this she manages to
32、 get her act together. Nevertheless, even to her, racing the clock is by no means a piece of cake. Its a very exhausting job. Part III TextB Comprehension Check l.b 3.d 5. d 7. a 2. a 4. b 6. c Translation (#J the latter to a man of unusual learning. Appendix I- 188 2. Paras 4-9The introduction of t
33、he Indo-European language the parent language of En- riyioj won-gksh Paras 10-11 Germanic tribes came to settle in Britain and brought Anglo-Saxon words Old English Para 12The Christian religion enriched English with words from Greek and Latin Para 13 The Vikings from Scandinavia came with words fro
34、m Old Norse Para 14 The Norman Conquest French influence Para 15 The European Renaissance and the printing press brought many new words from Latin and Greek Para 16 The American revolution the emergence of a new variety American En- glish Vocabulary I. 1. 1) independent2) Strictly speaking 3) drifte
35、d4) resembles 5) virtually6) invaded 7) conquered8) fascinating 9) snack10) will be put into practice 11) classics12) source 13) climate14) surrendered 15) were . aroused 2. 1) In the United States, private cars are an absolute necessity rather than a luxury. 2) Everyone thinks that the new member i
36、s a valuable addition to the football team. 3) I am afraid the fire will get out of control if the firemen do not arrive within ten minutes. 4) As all flights to the United States have been cancelled, you have no alternative but to go via Vancouver to get to Seattle. 5) The government has declared a
37、ll beef imports will be banned for the next six months for fear of the spread of mad cow disease. 3. 1) Through systematic research, scientists have invented many drugs that are said to help us live longer, but the cause of aging remains, to a very real extent, one of lifes mysteries. 2) The two par
38、ties have reached an agreement to establish a joint venture in Beijing, but before a formal contract is signed, some clauses in the draft agreement need to be modi- - 184 -Appendix I fied/modifying so that no misunderstanding will arise as to their interpretation. 3) Our ancestors have passed onto u
39、s the wisdom that to ensure the long-lasting prosperity of a country, we must show tolerance for the errors made by those who strike out revolutionary paths. These people, with their new ideas and practice, will enrich the national experience. II. Synonyms 1. a) wish 2. a) skin 3. a) rear/raise 4. a
40、) royal b) wish b) hide/skin b) raise b) kingly/royal c) want c) hide c) rear/raise c) sovereign d) wish/want d) skin d) raise d) royal/kingly III. Usage 1.Indeed 3. Frankly 5. To my knowledge 7. Nevertheless 9. instead i 2. though 4. Moreover 6. however 8. Yet 10. in other words l 1) We are literal
41、ly crawling. There must be some traffic accident ahead. 2) Thomas sounds very knowledgeable about traditional Chinese medicine. He must have had some special training. 3) The draft document is complete in virtually every detail. It must have taken him months to prepare it. 4) Cathy must have missed
42、the train. She should have arrived here two hours ago. 5) What? It cost you one thousand dollars to fill a hollow tooth? You must be exaggerating! 2. 1) Are we supposed to deposit our bags before entering the supermarket? 2) The spaceship is supposed to land on Mars at 10:40 this morning. 3) As a ca
43、r driver, you are supposed to know how to change a tire. 4) The nurses in the hospital are supposed to take good care of the patients. 5) We are supposed to speak only in English when we discuss text organization. Structure Appendix I- 185 - Comprehensive fxercises I. Cloze (A) 1. fascinating 3. inv
44、ented 5. ban 7. out of control 9. Fortunately 11. sources (B) 1) early 3) found 5) source 7) in 9) how 11) given/delivered 13) by 15) without 2. tolerance 4. addition 6. corrupt 8. establishing 10 . Massive 12 . enrich 2) those 4) must 6) further 8) began 10 ) in 12) than 14 ) so 16 ) common II. Tra
45、nslation Though how the English language came into existence remains a mystery, linguists/language scientists now tend to believe that English and most other European languages have descended from a common source; the Indo-European parent language. English was first spoken by the Anglo-Saxons who in
46、vaded England in the fifth century. They passed onto us the basic vocabu- lary of English. In its over 15 centuries of development, English has borrowed from other lan- guages massively, and such borrowing has greatly enriched its vocabulary. As settlers landed in America and established the United
47、States as an independent nation, a new variety was added to the English language: American English. Though some people worry that the language is running out of control, many native speakers of English take pride in the tolerance of their language. - 136 -Appendix I Part III TextB Comprehension Chec
48、k 1. c2. c 3. c4. d 5. b6. d Translation (#J& Appendix III) Language Practice 1. give way to2. predict 3. substantial4. integrate 5. in transition6. aspect 7. professionals8. genuine 9. economic10. to name a few 11. authority12. dominate 13. crude14. trend 15. shift16. had contributed to 17. unique1
49、8. exceeding 19. rid yourself of20. status Part IV Theme-Related Language Learning Tasks Model paper Estimates of English Speakers from 1950 to 2050 This graph shows the changes of the estimated numbers of English speakers from 1950 to 2050. English speakers are divided into three groups, i.e., LI speakers, L2 speakers and EFL speak- ers. According to the graph, it is estimated that the number of LI speakers was a little over 200 Appendix I -13 7- million in 1950, a figure that will increase to around 450 million by 2050. L2
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