高考英语常考词组.pdf
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1、高考英语常考词组 一、 按大词(动词、名词)记忆 look 的常用短语: look up in 查找look sb. up and down 上下打量 look back to/ upon 回顾 look upon as 把 看作 look forward to 期待 look through 浏 览; 看穿 take a new look 呈现新面貌 fear 的常用短语: in fear 害怕地 (be) in fear of 害怕 for fear of/ that 担心;生怕 concentrate 的常用短语: concentrate on 专心 concentrate one s
2、mind on 专心 于 类似的短语: fix one s mind upon focus on put one s heart into focus one s mind on surprise 常用短语: in surprise 惊讶地 to ones surprise 使某人惊讶的是 be surprise at/to do/that 对某事感到惊讶 表示“穿衣”的动作或状态的词和短语 1表示动作的有: pull on put on dress dress sb 2. 表示状态的有: wear be in be dressed in have on 常见表“喜欢”的短语和单词 like
3、care for be keen on be fond of take delight in trouble 的常用短语: have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在有 /没有困难 take great trouble to do 不辞辛劳做某事 put sb to the trouble of doing 为难某人做某事 make trouble 捣乱 be in (great) trouble 惹麻烦;处在困境中 help sb. out of trouble 帮某人摆脱困境 end 的常用短语: come to an end结束 put an
4、end to 结束 on end 竖起 , 连续 in the end 终于 ; 最后 end up (by) doing 以结束 make both ends meet收支相抵 表示“导致” 、 “由引起”的短语: 1. 导致 cause sth. (to do) result in lead to 2. 由引起 be caused by result from grow out of lie in 表“全力以赴”的短语: do / try one s best spare no efforts to do take great pains to do go all out to do do
5、 what somebody can (do) to do do all somebody can (do) to do direction 常用短语: in (the ) direction of .朝方向 under the direction of . 在的指 导下 follow the directions照说明去做 far 常用短语: far from (being) 离要求相差很 远 far from +(a place) 距离某地很远 far away 遥远 so far 到目前为止 ; 那么远 as far as sb. knows/sees据某人所知 by far (最高级前
6、 ,比较级后 )起强调作用 distance 常用短语: in the distance 在远处 from/ at a distance 从远处 keep sb. at a distance 于某人保持一定距离 It is no distance at all. 不远 use常用短语: used to do 过去曾经、常做 be used to doing 习惯于 be used to do被用来做 make good/ full use of充 分 利 用 come into use 开始使用 it is no use doing 干没有用 “出了什么事”的几种不同表达 What s wro
7、ng with .? What s the matter with? What s the trouble with? What happened (to sb.) ? “众所周知”常用表达法: It is known to all that主语从句, that 不能省 As is known to all, 定语从句,置于句 首 We all know (that) 后接宾语从句 Everyone knows (that)后接宾语从 句 , which is known to all. 非限定从句, 置于句末 表“同意某人意见”的常用短语: agree with sb. /what sb.
8、said agree to sth. approve (of) sth. in favour of sth. be agreeable to sth. be for sth. “不同意” disagree with sb./ what sb. said object to sth. disapprove (of) sth. be against sth. sign 的常用短语: sign ones name签名 sign to sb (not) to do sth. 示意某人 (不)做某事 signs of 的迹象 would rather 与 prefer 的区别 1宁愿做而不做 would
9、 rather do A than do B prefer A to B prefer to do A rather than do B 2. would rather 主语+ 过去式,表 示“宁愿” eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today. should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主语+ 过去式,表示“比较喜 欢” eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone. OR: I should prefer that you did not go t
10、here alone. trap 常用短语 be caught in a trap 落入圈套 be led into a trap 中圈套 set a trap to do sth.设圈套 be trapped in sth.被 所围困 grow 常用短语 in the grow of 在 .成长中 grow up 长大 ; 成长 grow rich on 靠 变富 grow into 长成 grow out of 由 引起 /滋生出 make 常用短语 be made up of =consist of 由组 成 make up for 弥补 be made from/ of 由造成 mak
11、e up 编造 ;组成 ;化妆 be made into 制成 make fun of 取笑 ; 嘲弄 make a living 谋生 supply, provide, offer 的区别: 1表示“向某人提供某物” supply / provide sb. with sth. supply / provide sth. for sb. supply sth. to sb. offer sb. sth. 2. 表示“主动提出做某事” offer to do sth. 3. 表示“倘使” 、 “假如” provided / providing that = on condition that
12、=only if 4. 表示“满足需要” supply / meet a need. supply 的常用短语 in short supply 缺乏,不足 medical/military supply医疗 /军用品 supplies of许多 lack 的常用短语 be lacking in sth. 在不足 make up for the lack of 弥补的不足 for/by/from/through lack of 由于不足 ,缺乏 have no lack of 不缺 damage的常用短语 do damage/harm to 对有害 cause damage to 对造成损害 a
13、sk for damage 要求赔偿 die of 与 die from 的区别 die of 表示“死于病” 或冻死、 气死,或死于过度悲伤。 die of cancer/grief/hunger/anger/cold die from 表示死于外伤、事故、劳 累过度。如: die from polluted air/overwork/sword thrust die 常用短语 die for one s country 为国捐躯 die down 熄灭、平息 die off 绝种、枯死 die away 消逝、静下来 die a heroic death 英勇牺牲 threaten 常用短
14、语 threaten sb. with sth.用威胁某 人 threaten to do威胁做 under the threat of在的威胁 下 speed常用短语 speed up加速 at the speed of以 的速度 with great speed 迅速 aim 常用短语 take aim at 瞄准 reach an aim 达到目的 aim at 瞄准、针对 permit 与 allow 的区别 表“允许做某事”或“允许某人做 某事”用法基本相同。 permit/allow doing sth. permit/allow sb. to do sth. permit /al
15、low of sth 一般在独立主格结构中表示“时间、 条件等许可” ,多用 permit Time/Weather permitting, I ll drop in on her. allow 还可以表示“承认”、 “考虑 到” 。例如: 1. We allow him to be wronged. 2. will take an hour to go there, allowing for traffic delays. means常用短语 by means of 通过 , 靠 by this means/ in this way用这种方 法 by no means/in no case
16、决不 by all means 用一切办法 keep 常用短语 keep up with 紧跟 keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直做 keep sb. from doing sth.阻止 做 keep off the grass 勿踏草地 keep to the point 紧扣主题 keep in touch with 与保持联系 mark 常用短语 make ones mark 成功、出名 be marked with 标明 gain/get full marks for 得满分 seat常用短语 take ones seat坐下 have a seat请坐 see/find
17、 sb. seated 看见 /发现某人坐 在 . be seated就座 , 坐着 seat oneself in/at/on使 自 己 坐 在 部分动词 + to + doing 的用法 look forward to get down to object to devote to pay attention to prefer to give 常用短语 give up 放弃 give in 让步 屈服 give off 散发出 give away 赠送、泄漏 give rise to 引起 give out 疲劳、用完、散发出 fit 常用短语 be fit for 适合 keep fi
18、t/keep healthy 保持健康 be fit to do 适合于 fit in with 适应 a nice fit 合身的衣服 fit sb.某人穿 合身 reach 常用短语 reach an agreement达成协议 reach for伸手去拿 /够 within / out of reach 够得到 /够不着 reach sbs understanding 使某人明 白 feed 常用短语 feed sth. to sb/feed sb. on sth. 用喂养 be fed up of / be tired of / be bored with 对感到厌倦 feed on
19、以为食 mercy 常用短语 without mercy 残忍地 have mercy on /upon 对表示怜 悯 at the mercy of 任凭摆布 beg for mercy 乞求饶恕 exist 常用短语 exist in/lie in/consist in存在于 in existence 现存的 come into existence/ come into being 形成 opinion 常用短语 in ones opinion =in the opinion of sb.在某人看来 have a high/ low opinion of 对评价高/低 give one s
20、 opinion on 对谈自己的看法 persuade常用短语 persuade sb. to do = persuade sb. into doing 说服某人做某事 try to persuade sb. to do 试图说服某人做某事 persuade sb. to sth. 说服某人同意某事 engage 常用短语 be engaged to sb. 与某人订婚 be engaged in sth. = be engaged doing sth. 忙于 , 从事某事 wide 与 broad 的区别 它们均可以表“宽”和“广阔的” a river 50 feet wide/ broa
21、d 指身体部位“宽肩、宽背”一般用 broad, 表示 “睁大眼睛、张大嘴巴”一般用 wide。 broad shoulders/ back with wide eyes open one s mouth wide wide 还可以作副词,表示“完全、 大大地” be wide awake be wide open sure常用短语 be sure of/about 对由把握 be sure to do sth. 肯定会 make sure + that-clause 务必 ,一定要 make sure of 弄清楚 experience 常用短语 have experience in 在有经
22、验 be experienced in 在有经验 pain 常用短语 take great pains to do 努力做某事 spare no pains to do 全力以赴做某事 stick 常用短语 stick to sth. 坚持 stick on 粘贴 be stuck in 陷进 stick no bills 请勿张贴 spare 常用短语 spare money/time for 省出钱,腾出时间 in one s spare time 在某人业余时间 spare no efforts to do 不遗余力去做 don t spare the opinions 不要保留意见 p
23、ut down 的不同含义 put down (one s knife and fork) 放 下 pit down the rebellion 镇压 put down what sb. says 记下,写下 take up 的不同含义 take up a hobby 培养 take up football 开始 take up the work 继续 take up time/space 消耗 ,占据 take up a post 就职 take up a song/ cry 跟着一起 habit 常用短语 form/get the habit of 养成习惯 be in/have the
24、habit of 有 .习惯 get into the habit of 沾染了恶习 get rid of the habit= grow out of the habit= break away from the habit 改掉了习惯 二、 按小词(介词、副词)记忆 l动词 +about speaktalk about 谈论think about 思考 care about 关心,对 有兴趣bring about 引起,使发生 set about 着手,开始come about 发生 h ear about 听说worry about 为 担心 2动词 +away throw away 扔
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