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1、 Approved by CSBSIQ on 2001-07-03 Enforcement date : 2002-03-01 1 National Standard of the Peoples Republic of China Motor vehicles and trailers TypesTerms and definitions GB/T 3730.1-2001 Substitution of GB/T 3730.1-88 1 Scope This standard defines terms relating to some types of motor vehicles, tr
2、ailers and combination vehicles defined according to certain design and technical characteristics. This standard applies to motor vehicles, trailers and combination vehicles designed for road circulation. 2 Terms and definitions 2.1 MOTOR VEHICLE Any power-driven road vehicle which has four 1) or mo
3、re wheels, which is non-rail, and which is normally used for: carrying persons and / or goods; towing vehicles used for carrying persons and / or goods; special service. This term includes: a) vehicles connected to an electric conductor, for example trolley buses; b) three-wheeled vehicles whose com
4、plete vehicle kerb mass exceeds 400 kg.1) 2.1.1 Passenger car (see table 1) A motor vehicle which, on account of its design and technical characteristics, is intended mainly for carrying persons and their luggage and/or occasionally goods, and which has available a maximum of nine seating places, in
5、cluding the driver seat. It may also tow a trailer. Table 1 GB/T 3730.1-2001 2 No. Term Definition Schematic drawing 2.1.1.1 saloon (sedan) Body Closed, with or without central pillar to side windows. Hood/roof Fixed, rigid roof, A portion of the roof may, however, be openable. Accommodation 4 or mo
6、re seats in at least 2 rows. The rear seats may be folded or removable to create a load floor. Doors 2 or 4 side doors. There may also be a rear opening . 2.1.1.2 convertible saloon Body Openable body with stationary side-wall frame. Hood/roof rigid or flexible having at least 2 positions: l. Closed
7、; 2. Opened or removed. The opened body can be closed by fitting of one or several rigid roof parts and/or folding of a flexible roof. Accommodation 4 or more seats in at least 2 rows. Doors 2 or 4 side doors. Windows 4 or more side windows. 2.1.1.3 pullman saloon (pullman sedan) (executive limousin
8、e) Body Closed. There may be a partition between the front and rear seats. Hood/roof Fixed, rigid roof. A portion of the roof may, however, be openable. Accommodation 4 or more seats in at least 2 rows. Folding seats, in front of the rear seats, are possible. Doors 2 or 6 side doors, There may also
9、be a rear opening. GB/T 3730.1-2001 3 Windows 6 or more side windows. 2.1.1.4 coup Body Closed. Usually, limited rear volume. Hood/roof Fixed, rigid roof. A portion of the roof may, however, be openable. Accommodation 2 or more seats in at least 1 row. Doors 2 side doors. There may also be a rear op
10、ening. Windows 2 or more side windows. 2.1.1.5 convertible (open tourer) (roadster) (spider) Body Openable. Hood/roof The roof, soft or rigid, has at least 2 positions, in the first one it covers the body; in the second one it is retracted, or can be removed. Accommodation 2 or more seats in at leas
11、t 1 row. Doors 2 or 4 side doors. Windows 2 or more side windows. 2.1.1.6 hatchback Body Closed, with or without central pillar to side windows. Hood/roof Fixed, rigid roof. A portion of the roof may, however, be openable. Accommodation 4 or more seats in at least 2 rows. The rear seats may be folde
12、d or removable to create a load floor. Doors 2 or 4 side doors with a hatch at the rear end of the vehicle. GB/T 3730.1-2001 4 2.1.1.7 station wagon Body Closed. Rear shape is designed in order to give a larger interior volume. Hood/roof Fixed, rigid roof. A portion of the roof may. however, be open
13、able. Accommodation 4 or more seats in at least 2 rows. The row or rows of seats may have forward-foldable backs or be removable to provide a load platform. Doors 2 or 4 side doors and a rear opening. Windows 4 or more side windows. 2.1.1.8 multipurpose passenger car A passenger car other than those
14、 mentioned in items from 2.1.1.1 to 2.1.1.7 above, intended for carrying passengers and their luggage or goods, in a single compartment. However, if such vehicle meets both of the following conditions: 1. the number of seating positions, excluding the driver, is not more than six; a seating position
15、“ shall be regarded as existing if the vehicle is provided with accessible seat anchorages; 2. P - (M + N68) N68 where: P = technically permissible maximum laden mass M = mass in running order (including the driver) N = number of seating position excluding the driver This vehicle shall not be consid
16、ered a passenger car. 2.1.1.9 forward control passenger car A passenger car in which morn than half of the engine length is rearward of the foremost point of the windshield base and the steering wheel hub in the forward quarter of the vehicle length. 5 2.1.1.10 off-road passenger car A passenger car
17、 whose geometrical characteristics (approach angle, departure angle, ramp angle, ground clearance), technical characteristics (number of drive axles, differential locking mechanism, other type of mechanism) and performances (climbing gradient) allow to drive the vehicle even off road. 2.1.1.11 speci
18、al purpose passenger car A passenger car for conveying passenger or goods and for performing a special function for which special body arrangements and/or equipment are necessary. Special purpose passenger cars are for example: motor caravan, armoured passenger car, ambulance, hearse. 2.1.1.11.1 mot
19、or caravan Motor caravan means a special purpose passenger car constructed to include living accommodation which contains at least the following equipment: - seats and table; -sleeping accommodation which may be converted from seats; - cooking facilities, and - storage facilities. 2.1.1.11.2 armoure
20、d passenger car A passenger car intended for the protection of conveyed passenger and/or goods and complying with armour plating anti-bullet requirements. 2.1.1.11.3 ambulance A passenger car intended for the transport of sicks or injured people and having special equipment for such purpose. 2.1.1.1
21、1.4 hearse A passenger car intended for the transport of deceased people and having special equipment for such purpose. Note:Above the definitions, a window is a glass opening which may comprise one or several panes (example: a vent window is an element a window). 2.1.2 COMMERCIAL VEHICLE(see table
22、2) A motor vehicle, on account of its design and technical characteristics, is carrying persons, goods and for towing trailers. Passengers cars are excluded. GB/T 3730.1-2001 6 table 2 No. Term Definition Schematic drawing 2.1.2.1 bus A commercial vehicle which on account of its design and technical
23、 characteristics. is intended for carrying persons and luggage, and which has more than nine seating places, including the driving seat. It may have one or two decks and may also tow a trailer. 2.1.2.1.1 minibus A vehicle used for the carriage of passengers, comprising not more than sixteen seats in
24、 addition to the drivers seat. 2.1.2.1.2 city-bus A vehicle which is designed are equipped for urban transport of seating and standing passengers; it is so arranged as to allow the movements of passengers associated with frequent stops. 2.1.2.1.3 interurban coach A vehicle which is designed and equi
25、pped for interurban transport of passengers. This vehicle has no space specifically intended for standing passengers, but it can carry passengers standing in the gangway. 2.1.2.1.4 touring coach A vehicle which is designed are equipped for long distance journeys, this vehicle is arranged to ensure t
26、he comfort of its seated passengers and does not carry standing passengers. 2.1.2.1.5 articulated bus A vehicle which consists of two rigid portions which articulate relative to one another, the passenger compartments of each portion intercommunicate so that passengers can move freely between them.
27、It can he equipped as covered in 2.1.2.1.2 to 2.1.2.1.4. The two rigid portions are permanently interconnected so that they can only be separated by an operation involving facilities which are normally only found in a workshop. 2.1.2.1.6 trolley bus A vehicle which is electrically propelled through
28、a trolley line. It can be assigned to the services and be equipped as covered in 2.1.2.1.2、 2.1.2.1.3 and 2.1.2.1.5 above. 2.1.2.1.7 off-road bus A vehicle whose wheels are designed to be driven simultaneously (including the case where the drive to one axle can be disengaged) or whose geometrical GB
29、/T 3730.1-2001 7 characteristics (approach angle, departure angle, ramp angle, ground clearance) technical characteristics (number of driven axles differential locking mechanism or other types of mechanism) and performances (climbing gradient) allow to drive the vehicle even off-road. 2.1.2.1.8 spec
30、ial bus A vehicle which, on account of its designed and technical characteristics, is intended for conveying persons for which special arrangements are necessary. 2.1.2.2 semi-trailer towing vehicle A commercial vehicle which is equipped with a special device for towing a semi-trailer. 2.1.2.3 goods
31、 vehicle A commercial vehicle which, on account of its design and technical characteristics, is used mainly for conveying goods. It can or not tow a trailer. 2.1.2.3.1 general purpose goods vehicle A goods vehicle which conveys goods on a open (platform) or closed loading area (box. . .) 2.1.2.3.2 m
32、ultipurpose goods vehicle A goods vehicle designed and constructed primarily for the carriage of goods but which has been adapted with fixed on folding seat or seats behind the drivers seat for the carriage of more than three passengers. 2.1.2.3.3 trailer towing vehicle A goods vehicle for towing dr
33、aw-bar trailers. It can carry goods on an auxiliary load platform. 2.1.2.3.4 off-road goods vehicle A goods vehicle whose wheels are designed to be driven simultaneusly (including the case where the drive to one axle can be disengaged) or whose geometrical characteristics (approach angle, departure
34、angle, ramp angle, ground clearance), technical characteristics (number of driven axles, differential locking mechanism or other types of mechanism) and performances (climbing gradient) allov to drive the vehicle even off-road. 2.1.2.3.5 special goods vehicle A goods vehicle which on account of its
35、design and technical characteristics, is intended for special work. Examples: fire-fighting vehicles, breakdown lorry, dustcart, emergency can, hearse, refuse vehicle, street cleaning vehicle, snow fighting vehicle, vehicle for cleaning of pits and sewers etc. GB/T 3730.1-2001 8 2.1.2.3.6 specialize
36、d goods vehicle A goods vehicle which, on account of its design and technical characteristics, is assigned to the transportation of special goods. Examples: tank vehicle, passenger-car transportation vehicle, vehicle for containers interchangeable bodies etc. 2.2 TRAILER A road vehicle not capable o
37、f moving under its own power which, on account of its design and technical characteristics is intended to be towed by a power-driven vehicle and which is normally used for: - carrying persons and/or goods, - special service. 2.2.1 DRAW-BAR TRAILER (see table 3) A trailer with at least two axles of w
38、hich - one axle is steerable , - the towing vehicle is connected by a draw-bar allowing angular motion, - the draw-bar can be moved vertically and is connected to the chassis and therefore cannot carry any vertical torque. A semi-trailer with converter dolly is considered as a draw-bar trailer . tab
39、le 3 No. Term Definition Schematic drawing 2.2.1.1 bus trailer A draw bar trailer which, on account of its design and technical characteristics, is intended for carrying persons and their luggage. It can be equipped as covered in 2.1.2.2 and 2.1.2.3. 2.2.1.2 goods draw-bar trailer A draw-bar trailer
40、 which, on account of its design and technical characteristics, is intended for carrying goods. 2.2.1.3 general purpose draw-bar trailer A goods draw-bar trailer which, conveys goods on an open(platform) or c1osed loading area(box, . . . . ) . 2.2.1.4 special draw-bar trailer A draw bar trailer whic
41、h, on account of its design and technical characteristics, is intended: - only for conveying persons and/or goods for which special arrangements are necessary; - only for performing a specific work function. (Examples: passenger-car transport trailer, fire-fighting trailer, low-bed trailer, air-comp
42、ressor trailer. The list is not restrictive). GB/T 3730.1-2001 9 2.2.2 SEMI-TRAILER(see table 4) A trailer , in which the axle(s) is(are) positioned behind the centre of gravity of the vehicle (when uniformly loaded), and which is equipped with a connecting device permitting horizontal and vertical
43、forces to be transmitted to the drawing vehicle. table 4 No. Term Definition Schematic drawing 2.2.2.1 bus semi-trailer A semi-trailer which, on account of its design and technical characteristics, is intented for carrying persons and their luggage. It can be equipped as covered in 2.1.2.1 to 2.1.2.
44、3。 2.2.2.2 general purpose goods semi-trailer A semi-trailer which conveys goods on an open (platform) or closed loading area (box, . . ) 2.2.2.3 special semi-trailer A semi-trailer which, on account of its design and technical characteristics, is intended - only for conveying persons and/or goods f
45、ar which special arrangements are necessary; - only for performing a specific work function. (Examples: logs semi-trailer, fire-fighting semi-trailer, low-bed semi-trailer, air compressor semi-trailer. The list is not restrictive.) 2.2.2.4 caravan semi-trailer A semi-trailer which is intended for an
46、d has provisions for mobile living accomodation. 2.2.3 CENTRE AXLE TRAILER(see table 4 ) A rigid draw-bar trailer equipped with a towing device which cannot move vertically (in relation to he trailer) and in which the axle(s) is (are) positioned close to the centre of gravity of the vehicle(when uni
47、formly loaded) such that only a small static vertical load, not exceeding 10 per cent of that corresponding to the maximum mass of the trailer or a load of 10 000 N (whichever is the lesser) is transmitted to the towing vehicles. One or more of the axles may be driven by the towing vehicle. table 4
48、No. Term Definition Schematic drawing 2.2.3.1 caravan A centre axle trailer which is intended for and has provisions for mobile living accomodation. GB/T 3730.1-2001 10 2.3 COMBINATION VEHICLES (see table 5) The combination of a power driven vehicle and one or more trailers. table 5 No. Term Definit
49、ion Schematic drawing 2.3.1 passenger/car trailer combination The combination of a passenger car and a centre axle trailer. 2.3.2 bus road train The combination of a bus and one or more trailers. The passenger accomodation space is not continuous throughtout the combination. A service corridor can be provided. 2.3.3 goods road train The combination of a goods vehicle and one or more trailers. 2.3.4 draw-bar tractor combination The combination of a trailer-towing vehicle and one or more trailers. 2.3.5 articulated vehicle A po
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