《最新电大实用卫生统计学期末复习试题材料小抄.doc》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《最新电大实用卫生统计学期末复习试题材料小抄.doc(6页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、实用卫生统计学期末复习题一实用卫生统计学期末复习题一 一、名词解释 1、卫生统计学: 2、随机抽样: 3、构成比: 4、频率: 5、非参数检验: 6、概率 7、变异系数 名词解释答案 1. 卫生统计学:是运用数理统计的基本原理和方法,通过数据的收集,整理和分析,研究预防医学和卫生事业管理中随机现象规律性的一门应用科学。 2. 随机抽样:就是按照随机的原则获得样本,保证总体中每个个体都有同等机会被抽取,使样本对总体有较好的代表性。 3. 构成比:又称构成指标,它表示事物内部各组成部分所占比重或分布。常用百分数表示。 4. 频率:若随机事件在n次重复中出现m次,则n/m比值成为随机事件出现的频率。
2、 5.非参数检验:是一种不依赖总体分布类型,也不对总体参数(如总体均数)进行统计推断的假设检验。 6概率是描述随机事件发生的可能性的大小的数值,常用P表示。 7变异系数常记为CV,它被定义为标准差与算术均数之比。实用卫生统计学期末复习题二单选题 1对某样品进行测量时,由于测量仪器事先未校正,造成测量结果普遍偏高,这种错误属于( ) 。 A. 系统误差 B. 随机测量误差 C. 抽样误差 D. 随机误差 2医学人口统计应属于卫生统计学中的哪部分内容( )。 A. 卫生统计学基本原理 B. 卫生统计学基本方法 C. 健康统计 D.卫生服务统计 3. 原始数据分布不明时,表示其集中趋势易采用 ( )
3、 。 A. 算数均数 B. 几何均数 C. 中位数 D. 标准差 4.描述一组偏态分布资料的变异度时,最适宜选择的指标是( ) 。 A.极差 B.标准差 C.四分位数间距 D.变异系数 5.下面哪一种图要求纵轴必需从0开始,中间不可以有折断( )。 A. 百分条图 B. 直条图 C.直方图 D. 线图 6.统计表中资料暂缺或未记录时,其空缺处通常用( )表示。 、 、 、0 、什么也不写 7表示均数抽样误差大小的统计指标是( )。 A 标准差 B 均数标准误 C 方差 D 变异系数 8.下面哪一个不是问卷的顺序( )。 时间顺序 字母顺序 内容顺序 类别顺序 9下面的指标不是反映疾病频率的是(
4、 )。 A. 两周患病率 B. 两周每千人患病日数 C. 慢性病患病率 D.两周卧床率 10编制某年某地区的女性简略寿命表需要( )。 A年龄组死亡数 B年龄组平均人口数 C出生活产数 D出生活产数、年龄组平均人口数和死亡数 11.对两个定量变量同时进行了直线相关和直线回归分析,r有统计学意义(P1且n40 B.T5或n40 C.T5且n40 D.1 E.T5且n0.05,说明两变量之间_. A.有相关关系 B.无任何关系 C.无直线相关关系 D.无因果关系 E.有伴随关系 27.某医师研究丹参预防冠心病的作用,实验组用丹参,对照组无任何处理,这种对照属于_. A.实验对照 B.空白对照 C.
5、相互对照 D.标准对照 E.历史对照 28.在两独立样本比较的秩和检验中,实验组的观察值为0,0,7,14,32,40,对照组的观察值为0,1,2,4,4,8.编秩中零值的秩应分别编为_. A.2,3;1 B.1.5,1.5;3 C.2,2;2 D.2.5,2.5;1 E.不参加编秩 29.两样本比较的秩和检验(两组样本例数相等),如果假设成立,则对样本来说:_. A.两组秩和相等 B.两组秩和的绝对值相等 C.两组秩和相差很大 D.两组秩和相差一般不会很大 E.两组秩和的差值相等 30.在简单线性回归分析中,得到回归系数为-0.30,经检验有统计学意义,说明_. A.X对Y的影响占Y变异的3
6、0% B.X增加一个单位,Y平均减少30% C.X增加一个单位,Y平均减少0.30个单位 D.Y增加一个单位,X平均减少30% E.Y增加一个单位,X平均减少0.30个单位 单选题答案 1-5 ACCCB 6-10 BBBDD 11-15 CBDCA 16-20 DBDDB 21-25 CDCDC 26-30 CBCDC实用卫生统计学期末复习题三填空题 1.卫生统计常见的统计图有:_、_、_、_、_百分条图和散点图等。根据分析目的并结合资料的性质来合理选择统计图。 2.卫生统计资料类型有:_、_、_。 3.标准化率的常用的计算方法有:_、_,应根据现有数据的条件选用_或_。 4.正态分布由参数
7、_和_所决定。 5.常用的相对数有_、_、_。 6实用卫生统计学是研究_以及_中的数据的收集、整理和分析的一门学科 。 7统计工作步骤是_、_、_、_。 8常用的抽样方法包括_、_和_。 填空题答案 1. 普通线图、半对数线图、直条图、直方图、圆图 2. 计量资料、计数资料、等级资料 3. 直接法、间接法 ;直接法、间接法。 4. 、 5.构成比、率、相对比 6.居民健康状况、卫生服务领域设计 7.收集资料、整理资料、分析资料单纯随机抽样 8.系统抽样、分层抽样、整群抽样实用卫生统计学期末复习题四计算分析题 1某妇产医院拟分析畸形儿与母亲分娩年龄关系,将历年在医院分娩的畸形儿116例与其母亲的
8、年龄进行了如下分析,据此得出结论:“母亲年龄在2429岁时,最容易出生畸形儿”。 母亲年龄 21 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 合计 畸形儿例数 1 2 14 19 24 18 19 13 6 116 % 0.86 1.70 12.1 16.4 20.7 15.5 16.4 11.2 5.18 100.0 问:以上结论是否合理?为什么? 2某矿石粉厂在生产时,数天内即有部分工人患职业性皮炎,在本生产季节开始,随机抽取15名工人穿上新防护衣,其余工人仍穿旧防护衣。生产一段时间后,检查两组工人的皮炎患病率,资料见下表,问两组工人皮炎患病率有无差别? 穿新旧防护衣工人皮炎患病情况
9、防护衣种类 人数 患者数 患病率() 新 15 1 6.7 旧 28 10 35.7 合计 43 11 25.6 x2参考值见下表 自由度 v1 概率,P 0.250 0.100 0.050 0.025 0.010 x2值 1.32 2.71 3.84 5.2 6.63 3调查某市1999年市区400名新生儿的出生体重,得均数为3.00kg,标准差为0.50 kg;出生身长均数50cm,标准差为3cm; 试问:1)该研究的总体、样本各是什么? 2)身长和体重何者变异大?抽样误差各为多大? 3)该市市区95%的新生儿出生体重在什么范围之内? 4)该市市区的新生儿出生体重的平均水平在什么范围之内?
10、 5)过去该市区的新生儿平均出生体重为2.90kg,问现在出生体重有无变化? 计算分析题答案 1 该资料为构成比资料,计算医院分娩的116名畸形儿母亲的年龄分布,在这些畸形儿中母亲年龄26岁所占的比重最大,其次为2429(除26岁以外)各年龄组(5分)。不能根据该资料得出“母亲年龄在2429岁时,最容易出生畸形儿”的结论(5分)。若要回答哪个年龄组母亲容易出生畸形儿,需要收集各年龄母亲出生的新生儿数及畸形儿资料,计算各年龄组母亲的畸形儿发生率。 2(1)建立假设检验,确定检验水准 H0穿新旧防护衣工人皮炎患病率相同,即12 H1穿新旧防护衣工人皮炎患病率不相同,即12 a=0.05 (2)计算
11、统计量x2值 T11=(1115)/433.84 本例有一个理论频数小于5,而你n40,故需计算校正x2值 计算得x2值等于2.94 (3)确定P值,作出推断结论 v(2-1)(2-1)1 查x2 界值表本例x22.940.05,不拒绝H0,尚不能认为穿新旧防护衣工人皮炎患病率不同。 31)总体:某市1999年市区新生儿、样本:某市1999年市区400名新生儿 2)求身高、体重的均数,标准差,标准误。 3)求正常值范围 4)求可信区间 5)样本与总体均数=2.9的t检验Visa-free policy brings Chengdu biz, tourism boost. Making nati
12、onal headlines several times, Chengdus 72-hour visa-free policy has attracted wide attention from both Chinese and foreign experts and businessmen since it took effect on Sept 1 last year. The program permits citizens from 51 countries and regions including the United States, Australia, Canada and J
13、apan who have valid visas and flight tickets to a third country to spend three days in the city. The capital of Sichuan province is the first city in the western region of China to offer foreign tourists a three-day visa and the fourth nationwide to adopt the policy following Shanghai, Beijing and G
14、uangzhou. Li Zhiyong, deputy dean of the tourism institute at Sichuan University, said the move contributes to a large increase in the number of overseas tourists and raises the citys level of internationalization. The policy will also bring direct economic revenue, Li said. Chengdu has many cultura
15、l legacies and is also a paradise for panda lovers with the worlds largest breeding and research center. Three days are long enough for foreign visitors to visit those iconic tourist spots, he noted. The city is home to the remains of the Jin sha civilization that dates back more than 3,000 years as
16、 well as the Qing cheng Mountains and the Du jiang yan irrigation system. Qing cheng has long been recognized as the birthplace of Taoism, Chinas ancient indigenous religion, while Du jiang yan is considered to be the oldest functioning water-control project in the world. Chengdu ranked third in tou
17、rist facilities, management and services among 60 Chinese cities in a customer satisfaction survey released last year. But, Li added that efforts are still needed to develop more tourism products, improve English services and provide accurate translation of traffic signs and scenic billboards. Zhao
18、Yun, chairwoman of British Chamber of Commerce Southwest China, told China Daily that his colleagues found the policy very convenient. A British client once flew here and stayed for just one day to check her ordered goods, she said. Zhao was born in Shanxi province, but she has lived in Chengdu for
19、more than 10 years. My life was like a running race moving from place to place. I also lived in Beijing and Shanghai before, she said. But Chengdu is a place that you never want to leave once settling down. It is now my second hometown, she said. If the environment is further improved, the city will
20、 attract more people to visit and live, with the 72-hour visa-free policy and compelling conditions in transportation, culture, climate and cuisine, he said. Foreigners also gave positive feedback on the policy. A spokesman from Dell Inc said the company has a global hub of operation in Chengdu, so
21、the three-day visa has an immediate and positive influence on the companys business development. Rudy Buttignol, president of the public broadcasting company in British Columbia, Canada, said his work requires frequent travel to Chengdu and the policy makes the trips easier. Data from the citys publ
22、ic security bureau shows some 100 foreign visitors enjoyed the 72-hour policy by the end of March, most of them from the United States, the United Kingdom and Germany. Chengdu also reported robust growth in its overall tourist industry last year. Official statistics show that it received some 150 mi
23、llion tourists last year, an increase of 28 percent from 2012. Around 1.7 million came from abroad, an increase of 12 percent. Total revenue from tourism surpassed 133 billion yuan ($21.7billion). During his visit to Kazakhstan in September, Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed that China and Centr
24、al Asia join hands to build a Silk Road economic belt to boost cooperation. The idea has been widely echoed in Central Asian countries, becoming an encouraging blueprint for Chinese areas along the Silk Road that has linked Asia and Europe for more than 2,000 years. In the next three weeks, China Da
25、ily reporters will travel through the belt in China and in Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey. They will show the progress and expectations of the countries, businesses and peoples on the route. Shaanxi - the start of the ancient Silk Road - has positioned itself as the new starting point for the dev
26、elopment of the Silk Road Economic Belt, which will strengthen Chinas cooperation with Central Asian countries, a senior official said. Shaanxi Governor Lou Qinjian said the province is fresh, rich and unique, as it was when it anchored one end of the ancient Silk Road. It is the best option for acc
27、ommodating industrial transfers from East China or the world at large, he said on Wednesday in Xian.Lou held a joint interview with 27 media, including China Daily, the first in a series of interviews entitled Chinese Media Along the Silk Road. The interviews will be in Shaanxi and Gansu provinces and the Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region, as well as Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Turkey.The media group held the first interview on Wednesday morning in Xian, the starting point of the ancient Silk Road, a trade channel established more than 2,000 years ago linking China, Central Asia and Europe.6
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-5097304.html