人教版八年级上册英语知识点.pdf
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1、1 八年级上册英语知识点 Unit1 Where did you go on vacation? 一、短语 stay at home待在家里go on vacation 去度假go to the mountains 去爬山go to the beach去海滩 visit museums 参观博物馆quite a few 相当多go to summer camp去参观夏令营 study for 为而学习go out 出去most of the time 大部分时间 taste good尝起来很好吃of course当然have a good time 玩得高兴 go shopping 去购物fe
2、el like 给的感觉;感受到in the past在过去 walk around 四处走走because of因为 one bowl of 一碗 the next day 第二天 one bag of apples two bags of apples 谓语动词由量词决定 a bag of apples 注意谓语动词由量词单位决定 drink tea 喝茶find out 找出;查明go on doing 继续 take photos 照相up and down 上上下下 something important 重要的事come up 出来 二、习惯用法 buy sth. for sb.
3、/ buy sb. sth. 为某人买某物 taste + adj. 尝起来 look+adj. 看起来 seem+(to be)+ adj. 看起来 nothingbut+动词原形除了之外什么都没有 arrive in+ 大地点/ arrive at+小地点到达某地 decide to do sth. 决定去做某事try doing sth.尝试做某事try to do sth.尽力去做某事 forget doing sth.忘记做过某事 / forget to do sth.忘记做某事enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事 want to do sth.想去做某事start doing
4、 sth.开始做某事stop doing sth. 停止做某事 dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事keep doing sth.继续做某事Why not do sth.? 为什么不做 呢? so+adj.+that+从句如此 以至于 tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事 三、词语辨析: 1. anywhere 与 somewhere 两者都是不定副词。 anywhere 在任何地方, 常用于否定句和疑问句中。I can t find it anywhere. somewhere 在某处,到某处,常用于肯定句。I lost my key so
5、mewhere near here. 2. seem + 形容词看起来 You seem happy today. seem + to do sth. 似乎、好像做某事I seem to have a cold It seems / seemed + 从句看起来好像 ;似乎 . It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像,似乎 It seems like a god idea. 3. decide to do sth.决定做某事They decide to visit the museum. decide + 疑问词+ 动词不定式He can
6、 not decide when to leave. 4. start doing sth = start to do sth. 开始,可与begin 互换 。 He started doing his homework. (扩展,非必会)但以下几种情况不能用begin . 1)创办,开办:He started a new bookshop last month. 2)机器开动:I can t start my car. 语言目标: 谈论 过去 的事情 seem 是“ 看起来像,给人印象中 是” ,可以是抽象的。 而 look 是直观的、在眼睛视线 看到某东西后认为的“ 看起来 像” ,是具体
7、的。 2 3)出发,动身:I will start tomorrow morning. 5. over 介词,多于,超过,在以上(表示数目、程度)= more than My father is over 40 years old. 在之上,与物体垂直且不接触,与under 相反。The plan is flying over the montains. 超过:There are over 60 students in the class. 遍及:I want to travel all over the world. 6. too many 太多,后接可数名词复数:Mother bought
8、 too many eggs yesterday. too much 太多,修饰不可数名词,修饰动词作状语。 We have too much work to do. Dont talk too mu ch. much too 太,修饰形容词或副词。 The hat is much too big for me. Youre walking much too fast. 分辨三者的口诀: too much, much too, 用法区别看后头:much 后接不可数,too 后修饰形或副。 too many 要记住,后面名词必复数。 7. because of 介词短语,因为,由于,后接名词、代
9、词或动名词,不能接句子。 He can t take a walk because of the rain. because 连词,因为,引导状语从句,表示直接明确的原因或理由。 I don t buy the shirt because it was too expensive. 四、交际用语 1- Where did you go on vacation?你去哪里度假了?(一般过去式句子) -I went to the mountains.我去山区了。(一般过去式句子) 2Long time no see.很久没见了。 3Everything tasted really good. -切品
10、尝起来真的很好。 (一般过去式句子) 4. I felt like l was a bird我感觉我成了一只鸟。 (一般过去式句子) 5What a difference a day makes!多么与众不同的一天! 五、语法:一般过去时 动词的过去式 分为规则动词和不规则动词两种: 规则动词 的过去式: 一般情况下在动词原形后直接加-ed。wanted,played 以不发音的字母e 结尾的动词,直接加-d。hoped,lived 重读闭音节单词如果末尾只有一个辅音字母需双写最后一个辅音字母,再加 -ed stopped 以辅音字母 +y 结尾的动词变y 为 i,再加 -ed。studied
11、,worried 以元音字母 +y 结尾的动词,直接加-ed. played, enjoyed 规则动词过去式的读音也有规律可循。 请记住:清后 t,元浊 d,t d 之后读 id 。 清辅音后, ed要读t 。worked,finished 元音或浊辅音后,ed 要读 d 。lived,called 过去发生的动作如:他昨晚做作业了。 过去存在的状态如: 他出生于2000 年 1 月。定义:表示 过去 发生的动作或存在的状态 语法构成:谓语动词用过去式 加 下 划 线 的 单 词:均为谓语动 词,使用过去式。 3 t 或d 后, ed读id 。 started,needed 不规则动词有其自
12、己的变化形式,只能分别记忆。(书后最后一页 ) 如: be was do did go went come came 【语法解析】 不定代词:不指名代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫做不定代词。用法注意: 1. some 和 any +可数名 /不可数名。 some 多用于肯定句, any 多用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句。 有些问句中用some,不用 any, 问话者希望得到对方肯定回答。 2. 由 some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词作主语时,其谓语动词用第三单 3. 不定代词若有定语修饰,该定语要置于其后:如:something interesting 知识点: 1.
13、 buy sth for ab./ buy sb. sth 为某人买某物 2. taste + adj. 尝起来 3. nothing .but + V.(原形 ) 除了 之外什么都没有 4. seem + (to be) + adj 看起来 5. arrive in + 大地方/ arrive at + 小地方到达某地 6. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 7. try doing sth. 尝试做某事/ try to do sth. 尽力做某事 8. enjoy doing sth. 喜欢做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事 10. start doin
14、g sth. 开始做某事 =begin doing sth. 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事区分:stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 12. dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事 13. so + adj + that + 从句如此以至于 14. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人(不要)做某事 15. keep doing sth. 继续做某事 16. forget to do sth. 忘记去做某事/ forget doing sth 忘记做过某事 词语辨析: 1. take a photo/ take photos
15、拍照 quite a few+名词复数“ 许多 ” 2. seem 形容词看起来 You seem happy today. t o do sth. 似乎、好像做某事I seem to have a cold It seems + 从句似乎. It seems that no one believe you. seem like .好像,似乎 It seems like a good idea. 3. arrive in +大地点,arrive in / at = get to= reach+地点名“ 到达.” at +小地点 (注:若后跟地点副词here/there/home, 介词需省略,
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