裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第51课.pdf
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1、Lesson 51 Reward for Virtue 对美德的奖赏 Why did Hughs diet not work? My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden. The list included most of
2、the things Hugh loves: butter , potatoes, rice, beer , milk, chocolate; and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit. I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very
3、embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of swee
4、ts! 参考译文 我的朋友休一直很胖,但是近来情况变得越发糟糕,以致他决定节食。他是一星期前开始节食的。首先, 他开列了一张长长的单子,上面列了所有禁吃的食物。这张单子上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的:黄油、土豆、米 饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果。昨天我去看望了他。我按响了门铃,当看到休仍和往常一样胖时,我并不感到惊 奇。他把我领进屋,慌忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面。显然他感到很尴尬。当我问他正干什么时,他内疚地笑了, 然后把那个大包拿到了桌上。他解释说,他的饮食控制得太严格了,以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下。接着他给我看 了包里的东西。里面装了5 大块巧克力和3 袋糖果! 【New words and
5、 expressions】 ( 10 ) reward n. 报偿virtue n. 美德 diet n. 节食forbid v. 禁止 forbadeforbidden hurriedly adv. 匆忙地embarrass v. 使尴尬 guiltily adv. 内疚地strict adj. 严格的 reward v. 给奖赏occasionally adv. 偶尔地 一单词讲解: rewardn. 报偿 同义词 compensate, pay, remunerate, award 反义词 punish, punishment 变化形名复 rewards 变化形动变 rewarded r
6、ewarded rewarding (1) n. 报酬、奖赏、酬谢、赏金 eg :He received a medal in reward for his bravery. 他因表现勇敢而获得了一枚奖章. eg :A 10-million reward has been offered for the capture of Bin Laden . 悬赏一千万美元捉拿宾拉登。 eg :He worked hard without(any ) hope of reward . 他辛勤工作 ,但却不期待得到报酬。 (2) v. 给予报酬,酬谢,报答 eg :Is this how you rewa
7、rd me for my help ? 你就这样报答我对你的帮助吗? eg :You will be fully rewarded with all your efforts . 你所有的努力都将得到充分的回报。 eg :I will reward you later . 以后我会报答你。 rewarding adj. 报酬的 , 有益的 , 值得的 a rewarding experience一次富有价值的经历 virtuen. 美德 同义词 goodness, righteousness, morality 变化形名复 virtues (1) 美德、善、清高(反意词:vice 恶行,缺德行
8、为) a man of virtue有德之人 eg :Honesty is a virtue . 诚实是一种美德。 lead a life of virtue 过高尚的生活 eg :Virtue is its own reward . (谚 )做好事即乐在其中. eg :All of the virtues get here . 全聚德 (2) 优点、长处 eg :The big class has the virtue of making more friends . 大量的美德使能交更多的朋友。 eg :My room has virtue of being warm even in wi
9、nter . 我的房间有个好处即使是冬天也很温暖。 virtual adj. v?:tju ?l 实质的 , 实际上的 eg :Our deputy manager is the virtual head of the business . 我们的副经理是公司的实际负责人. dietn. 节食 同义词 food and drink, food, foodstuffs, victuals 变化形名复 diets 变化形动变 dieted dieted dieting (1) 节食go on a diet be on a diet 实行节食 lose weight 减重 put on weight
10、 gain weight 增胖 (2) (日常的)饮食 a balanced diet 均衡的饮食;diet sheet(病人的)规定食谱 forbidv. 禁止 , 不许 O1O2+v-ing. 同义词 prohibit, disallow, bar, ban 反义词 permit, allow forbid forbade forbidden forbidding forbid +n. / doing eg :Who can forbid our marriage ?谁可以禁止我们的婚姻? eg :Smoking is forbidden in this building . 在这幢楼里吸
11、烟是被禁止。 forbid sb 禁止某人 eg :If you want to go , I can t forbid you . 如果你想去,我不能阻止你。 eg :He didn t like his daughter s boy friend , and forbade him into the house . 他不喜欢他女儿的男朋友,并禁止他进了屋。 forbid sb to do . 禁止某人做某事 eg :My father forbad me to watch television . 我的父亲就禁止我看电视。 eg :It is forbidden to smoke in t
12、his room .(No Smoking) 在这个房间禁止吸烟。 forbidden adj. (被)禁止的 forbidden fruit 禁果 ; 非法的欢愉 forbidden ground 禁区、必须避免的问题、犯忌讳的问题 the Forbidden City 故宫 , 紫禁城 eg :God forbid that we should have class tomorrow. 上帝保佑,我们明天不用上课。 hurriedlyadv. 匆忙地、草率地 hurried adj. 仓促的 , 慌忙的;a hurried trip 匆忙之旅 a hurried meal 匆忙吃了顿饭 h
13、urriedly adv. h?ridli 匆忙地;speak hurriedly 匆促地讲 hurry v. 匆忙 , 催促 , 赶紧 eg :Don t hurry . 不要急。 eg :Hurry up . 快点 eg :With this , the woman hurried away / off . 说完了,该女子匆匆离去。 eg :He hurried home . 他匆匆赶回家。 eg :He hurried to school . 他急忙赶到学校。 hurry to + 地点:匆忙赶到某地 eg :He hurried back to his office . 他急忙赶回他的
14、办公室。 eg :They hurried into the car . 他们急忙上车。 embarrassv. 使窘 ; 使不好意思 , 使局促不安 H(. 同义词 disconcert, discomfit, abash, confound 变化形动变 embarrassed embarrassed embarrassing embarrass sb 使某人难堪 eg :Your sharp words embarrassed him a lot . 你尖酸的话令他很难堪。 eg :Are you trying to embarrass me ?你想要我难堪? eg :Don t emba
15、rrass them by asking / with personal questions . 不要问他们令人难堪的个人问题。 eg :She was embarrassed by his loud laughter . 他的大笑令她感到尴尬。 embarrassing adj. 令人困惑的、难堪、尴尬的 embarrassed adj. 感到困惑的、难堪、尴尬的 eg :It was obvious that he was very embarrassed . 显然他感到很窘。 financially embarrassed short of money囊中羞涩、经济受窘 embarras
16、sment im ? b?r?sm ?nt n. 窘迫;困惑;为难 an embarrassment of riches 好东西太多而难以选择 东西多得令人为难;财富多得成了累赘 blush in embarrassment 因难为情而脸红 区别:embassy ? emb ?si n. 大馆;大使馆全体成员 guiltilyadv. 内疚地 (1) 责任、罪行、罪状 eg :Guilt was written all over her face . 她的罪过都写在脸上了;她在脸上写满了内疚。 establish the suspect s guilt证实嫌疑犯有罪 eg :He denied
17、 his guilt . 他否认自己有罪。 eg :He confessed his guilt . 他承认自己有罪。 (2) 不安、内疚 feeling of guilt 内疚感、罪悪感、罪意识 guilty gilti adj. 有罪的 , 内疚的 guiltless (innocent , clear)giltlis adj. 不熟悉 . 的, 无罪的 eg :I feel guilty about cutting classes . 旷课我感到内疚。 eg :I feel guilty because I have no money to lend you . 因为我没有钱借给你感到内
18、疚。 eg :Not guilty . 裁决某人 无罪 . eg :The boys were guilty of theft . 男孩子们犯了盗窃罪。 guiltily adv. eg :She smiled guiltily as she saw me . 当她看见我时她尴尬地笑。 strictadj. 严格的、严厉的(+with) 同义词 harsh, exact, precise, rigorous 反义词 lenient, loose, lax 变化形形变 stricter strictest (1) adj. 严格地、严厉的 be strict with sb 对某人严厉 be s
19、trict in sb 对某人严厉 be strict in one s work / study 对 工作 / 学习严格 eg :First of all , you must be strict with yourself . 首先,你必须严格要求自己。 a strict teacher一位严格的老师; strict rules 严格的规定 (2)adj. 严密地、正确地 the strict truth 确凿的事实、绝对真实 in the strict sense 严格说来 strictly striktli adv.严格地 , 完全地 eg :Strictly speaking , y
20、ou are not fit for your job . 严格来说,你是不适合这份工作。 eg :Smoking is strictly prohibited . 严禁吸烟、吸烟被严格地禁止。 occasionallyadv. 偶尔地、偶尔, 间或 同义词 sometimes, now and then, once in a while adv. now and then , at times 偶而地 eg :I occasionally go to the movies with him . 我偶尔和他去看电影。 occasional adj. 偶而的 occasional visits
21、偶尔的拜访 eg :We ll have occasional snow during the night . 晚上偶而会下一阵雪。 occasion ? kei ?n n.时刻,场合;盛会;时机;起因vt. 引起 on one occasion一次, on another occasion 另一次 on this / that occasion 在 这种 / 那种场合 eg :It s always the same on this kind of occasions . 在这种场合总是这样的。 eg :He has had few occasions to speak French . 他
22、很少有机会讲法语。 二 Key structures: 一般过去时 一般过去时: 表过去某时发生的动作或处于的状态,通常表过去的时间状语连用,(也可通过上、 下文体现时间)。 eg :I got on the bus and sat down. Eg:The magazine I ordered was sent to the wrong address . eg :A fire broke out in our town recently and a large factory was burnt to the ground . burnt to the ground 彻底烧毁 注意动词不规
23、则过去式、过去分词 eat ate eaten ;wear wore worn win won won ;fall fell fallen beat bi:t vt.打;战胜vi. 跳动 n. 跳动 ( 声) ;节拍 beat beaten forbid f? bid vt. 不许,禁止forbade forbidden lose lost lost ;break broke broken hide hid hidden ;ring 打电话 rang rung burn burnt / burned burnt / burned lead led led rise vi.升起;起立 ( 床);
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