小学英语知识大全.pdf
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1、小学英语知识大全 一、疑问词:What 什么Where 在哪里When 什么时候Who 谁 How 怎样Why 为什么 Which 哪一个 Whose 谁 的 How many 多少个 How much 多少钱What time 什么时间 What colour 什么颜色 What s the weather 什么天气 二、第三人称单数:除你我之外的一个人, 如: he, she, my sister, my brother, my uncle, John 等 be动词 : am, is, are: I 专用 am;碰到单数用is;碰到复数用are 三、四个不同时态的主要结构 1. 将来时:b
2、e going to+ 动词原形 +将来时间表示打算与will 、want to 用法相同 I am going to. I am going to take a trip next week. he/ she/ it 等单数is going to My mom is going to buy a dictionary this afternoon. You/ we/they 等复数are going to We are going to visit grandparents tonight. 2. 现在进行时: be doing 表示正在做,句中一般有Look ,now 如:I am rea
3、ding stories. My father is reading a newspaper now. Look! The monkey is swinging. They are watching TV in the living room. Maybe our cat is chasing a mouse now. 3.一般现在时:三单 +动 es/s 不是第三人称单数时用动词原型句中一般有usuallyoftensometimeseveryday 如: My new pen pal lives in Shanghai. Miss Lin teaches English. Mike stu
4、dies Chinese at school. Mike usually goes to bed at 9:00. My sister usually reads English at 7:00 比较: Sarah is watching TV at 9:00. Sarah 9:00 时正在看电视 Sarah is going to watch TV at 9:00. Sarah打算在9:00 看电视 Sarah often watches TV at 9:00. Sarah(常常)在9:00 看电视 4.一般过去时:主语+动词过去时 +过去时间 I rode a bike yesterday
5、. He cleaned the bedroom last night. We went shopping last weekend. 四、like/likes+ 动 ing I like playing football. He likes reading books. 五、元音字母:a,e,i,o,u an interesting film, an old man, an egg, an elephant, an English teacher, an English book, an air-conditioner, an e-mail特殊 a university student. 六
6、、 can, can t, did, didn t, does ,doesn t , do, don t let s , to, must, should,why not,后的动词用原形 七、 one two three four five six seven eight nine ten, eleven, twelve thirteen fourteen fifteen sixteen seventeen eighteen nineteen twenty thirty forty fifty sixty seventy eighty ninety 八、 26 字母的默写和听写 九、人称代词、
7、物主代词 主格I he she it they we 宾格me him her it them us 形容词性所有格my his her its their our 名词性所有格mine his hers its theirs ours 主格用于动词前,宾格用于动词后; 形容词性所有格后接名词,名词性所有格不能接名词。如:It is my book. The book is mine. 十、 名词的复数形式:一般加 s;个别加es,如:tomatoes, potatoes;特殊的, 如:脚 foot-feet, 鹅 goose-geese, 牙齿 tooth-teeth,老鼠 mouse-mi
8、ce单数数同行:鱼fish,绵羊sheep ;人 people 十一、国家、国旗、代表城市、标志建筑 美国(New York )美国自由女神像英国(London)英国大本钟伦敦大桥澳大利亚 ( Sydney)悉 尼歌剧院加拿大加拿大国家电视塔 America England Australia Canada 十二、介词: on+星期 /具体的日子 on Sunday, on the weekend. on the left 在左边on the right 在右边It s on the second floor. on February 21 st. at 在时间点或地点 at 6 o cloc
9、k Turn left at the cinema. 在电影院左转Turn right at the hospital. 在医院右转 with 和、用 I go to the supermarket with my mom和 play with snow The elephant is drinking water with its trunk.用象鼻喝水 for 为,给 thank you for coming 感谢到来a bike for three people I want to buy gifts for my mum. 给妈妈买礼物 Grandpa, let me read thi
10、s for you. in 上下午, in 月 in the morning/ afternoon/ evening; 但是 this morningthis afternoontomorrow前不加 in 十三、区别以下内容 then 然后hobby 爱好buy 买 feel 感觉get on 上车 turn left 左转traffic lights 交通灯near 附近 than 比happy 快乐by 乘 fail 失败 get off 下车 turn right 右转traffic rules 交通规则next to 相邻 always 总是 usually 通常often 经常 s
11、ometime 有时 never 从不 ; teacher,教师 teachers教师们teach,教 teaches教 (第三人称单数形式) play footballplay bastetballplay ping-pong与 play the pianoplay the violinplay the pipa play the erhu 十四、hospital-doctor-nurse-ill -hurt; fisherman-sea-fish ; post office-post card -post man-letter 信 ; cleaner-clean streets; cine
12、ma-film 电影shop-store 商店; 十五、用Can 、Do、 Does 、Did、Is、 Are 、Was、Were、Would 提问,回答用YesNo,并带回提问词。 Yes=sure, No=sorry 特殊: Can I help you?-Yes, please. I want some apples./ No, thanks. Would you like some soup?-Yes, please./No, thanks. Are you a student?Yes, I am./ No, I am not. 回答用 Yes 或 No 的一般疑问句: Would y
13、ou like some milk? Yes, please./ No, thanks. Is your mother an English teacher?-Yes, she is./ No, she isn t. Is John watching TV? Yes, he is./ No, he isn t. Is your birthday in May?- Yes, it is./ No, it isn t. Is this the teacher office? Yes, it is./ No, it isn t. Is that the computer room? Yes, it
14、is./ No, it isn t. Is it cold? Yes, it is./ No, it isn t. Is there a cinema near the bookstore?Yes, there is./ No, there isn t. Are there any trees on the mountain?Yes, there are. / No, there aren t. Are you from China? Yes, I am./ No, I am not. Are they your teachers?Yes, they are./ No, they aren t
15、. Are these elephants? Yes, they are./ No, they aren t. Are those tigers? Yes, they are./ No, they aren t. Can I speak to your mom, please?Sure. Hold on, please. Can I help you?Yes, please. I want a pair of shoes. Can I go on foot?Sure, if you like. Can you tell me something about your day? Sure. Ca
16、n you read English?Yes, I can./ No, I can t Can I wear my new dress today? Yes, you can./ No, you can t. Do you have lunch at school? Yes, I do./ No, I don t. Do you have a computer room?Yes, we do./No, we don t. Does she teach you math? Yes ,she does./ No, she doesn t. She teaches me Chinese. Does
17、your father go to work on foot? Yes, he does./ No, he doesn t. Did you like it?- Yes, I did./ No, I didn t. I didn t like it. Did you see a film? No, I didn t see a film./ Yes, I did. I saw an interesting film. Was it interesting?-Yes, it was./ No, it wasn t. 六年级上册第一单元重点: 1.方位介词: in on under near ne
18、xt to behind between in front of above far from 2.地点: pet hospitalpost officecinemascience museumcrossingschool factory zoo park bank bookstore区别 library police station Palace Museum on the left/right 3.重点句型: Excuse me. Where is the museum shop?-It s near the door. It s over there. Where is the post
19、 office?-It s next to the museum. Where is the cinema?-It s next to the bookstore. Where is the restaurant?-It s next to the park on Dongfang Street. How can we get there?- Go straight first. Then turn left/right at the hospital. How can I get to the cinema?-You can go there by the No.901 bus. How c
20、an he get there from the post office?-First, go straight. Then turn right at the cinema. After that, 有(存在) There is a/an +单数名词或不可数名词There are +复数名词 有 吗? Is there a/an-Yes, there is./ No, there isn t. Are there any + 名词复数 -Yes, there are./No, there aren t. 4.感叹句 :What a/an 形容词 +名词!What a great museum
21、! What an interesting film! 5.其它重点句型: Follow me, please. I don t know. I want to send it today. I want to buy a postcard. She wants to work in an office. The new GPS works. 起作用He works in a hospital. 工作 We are in front of the cinema. We are behind the hospital. The bookstore is next to the post offi
22、ce. My home is between the park and the bank. There is a hospital next to the cinema. 六年级上册第二单元重点: 1.交通方式: by bus, by train, by subway, by ship, by plane, by bike, by taxi, by car, on foot=walk 走路 , by sled, by ferry 2.重点句型 How do you come to school? - Sometimes, I come by car. But I often come by s
23、ubway How do you go to school?- I often go to school by bike. 交通方式放在句子的末尾 How do you get/go there? By bus. go to=get to, 在 there、 here、 home 前省略 to How do you get to the USA from China? By plane. 从中国去美国你怎么去? How does WuYifan go to the park?- He usually goes by bus. How does the girl s father go to w
24、ork?-He often goes to work by subway. How can I get to the Fuxing Hospital?-Take the No.57bus over there.=You can go by the No.57 bus. Usually I walk to school.= Usually, I go to school on foot. I must pay attention to the traffic lights. In the USA people on bikes must wear a helmet. You must slowd
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