NewCollegeEnglish.ppt
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1、New College English,Book Three,Nature and Nurture,Unit Eight,Unit Eight,I Preparation,II Reading Activities,III Further Development,IV Translation & Writing,Part I Preparation,1. Talking About Twins,2. Proverbs and Sayings,Activity 1 Talking About Twins,Directions: Work in groups to the following qu
2、estions.,Do you know any twins? What can you say about them? Why are people curious about twins? How do you think it feels to be twins?,Activity 1 Talking About Twins,Sample,Look alike and usually dress alike Easy to mix them up Different personalities,Not manu twins around us Usual resembling,Activ
3、ity 1 Talking About Twins,Sample,Twins must be proud because they are different from others They may feel happy because they can enjoy each others company They may feel lonely because it is difficult to make friends with othr people They may feel bored and discouraged because every day they will see
4、 the mirror image of themselves.,Activity 2 Proverbs and Sayings,Genius without education is like silver in the mine. Benjamin Franklin,未受教育的天才,犹如矿中之银。 富兰克林,Genius only means hard-working all ones life . Mendeleyer,天才只意味着终身不懈的努力。 门捷列耶夫,Activity 2 Proverbs and Sayings,The people who get on in this wo
5、rld are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want , and if they cannot find them, they make them. Bernard Shaw,在这个世界上,取得成功的人是那些努力寻找他们想要机会的人,如果找不到机会,他们就去创造机会。 肖伯纳,Part II Reading Activities,1. Pre-reading Questions,2. Text Organization,3. Sentence Study,4. Words & Phrases,Pre-reading
6、 Questions,Many identical twins are much alike in both appearance and behavior, even when raised apart. Does it suggest that the genes play a more important role in ones development?,Pre-reading Questions,No, it only suggests the power of the genes and the limitation of the effect of environment. In
7、 the study, these identical twins were raised in the same physical environment. Even when raised apart, they were put in homes with a similar background. Therefore, its not surprising that these twins developed similarly.,2. What criticism would you make of the study designed to observe the relative
8、 effects of heredity andenvironment?,Pre-reading Questions,The conclusion is not justified because the sets of twins studied shared not only the same genes but also the same environment. The similarities are not due entirely to genes since environment also plays a role,Text Organization,Text Organiz
9、ation,Introduction: No characteristic is caused exclusively by either environment or genes.,Conclusion: What we can do is set by the genes, but what we actually do is largely determined by the environment.,Research on the relative effects of heredity and environment Studies on identical twins raised
10、 together (Para. 2) B. Studies on identical twins raised apart in similar environments (Para. 3-4) C. Studies on identical twins raised apart in contrasting environments (Para. 5-8),Para.1,Para.2-8,Para.9,Sentence Study,Sentence Study,1. we see that there can be no development without the interactin
11、g environment. (Line 4),我们就会明白,没有与其相互作用的环境,就不可能有任何个人的发展。,【译文】,【句型】,no + NP + without 构成双重否定,表达肯定意义。 其中no修饰的名词短语可作主语。,Sentence Study,【例句】,No other reproduction in any form is permitted without written permission from the publishing house.,未经出版社同意不得以任何形式进行复制。,In some countries no major business is con
12、ducted without eye contact, requiring face-to-face conversation.,在有些国家里, 没有当面接触就做不成大生意, 需要面对面的交谈。,Sentence Study,2. The relative effects of heredity and environment are most clearly observable in identical twins. (Line 7),遗传和环境的相对影响在同卵双胞胎中最易观到。,【译文】,【句型】,The (relative) effects of are (most clearly)
13、observable. 效果/影响是显而易见的 完全可以看出的影响,Sentence Study,【例句】,The environmental effect of this new factory is most clearly observable in the surrounding field and river.,在周围的田地和河流中完全可以看到这个新工厂对环境的影响。,The effect of culture shock is most clearly observable in the unprepared visitors when they are involved in a
14、 strange culture.,Sentence Study,3. In a study there were no more significant differences than existed among unseperated pairs of twins. (Line 21),【译文】,双胞胎之间的差异并不比一起长大的双胞胎之间的差异更显著。,Sentence Study,【句型】,no morethan 和一样不;比更不;非常不 no more than (=only) 不过,仅仅,【例句】,He is no more a God than us.,他和我们一样不是上帝。,S
15、entence Study,【例句】,Money is no more than our servant.,金钱不过是我们的仆人。,No place in China can produce more memories of the beauty of your country than Guilin.,中国没有其它地方像桂林一样可以让人记住你们美丽的国家。,Sentence Study,4. Important as they are, genes alone are never absolutely responsible for any trait. (Line 68),【译文】,尽管基
16、因非常重要,但是基因本身决不能完全决定任何一个特点。,【句型】,这是as 引导的让步状语从句,从句要倒装。 该句相当于:Though they are important, . “形容词/副词/名词 + as / though + 主语 + 谓语”句型,引导让步状语从句。,Sentence Study,【例句】,Much as I admire him as a writer, I dont like him as a man.,Brave though they were, they had no chance of winning.,Teacher as he is, he cannot
17、finish task in an hour.,Words & Phrases,Words & Phrases,interact v. (+ on / with) have an effect on each other or something else 互相作用,互相影响,【例句】,We college students should actively interact with the society. We college students should be in active interaction with the society.,Words & Phrases,2. iden
18、tical adj. 1. ( + with / to) exactly alike 完全相同的,完全一样的 2. the same 同一的,【例句】,Your voice is identical to your brothers. You and your brother have almost identical voices.,声音相同,Words & Phrases,3. resemblance n. the fact or an instance of being like or similar to another person or thing 相似,类似,resemble (
19、v.) look or be like 像,似,【例句】,The identical twins resemble each other in appearance but not in character.,这对同卵双胞胎 (the identical twins) 长相相似但性 格不同。,Words & Phrases,4. substantially adv. quite a lot 相当大地,substance n. 1. (C) a material; type of matter 物;物质 2. (the+, U) the important part; the real mean
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