《时间状语从句.pdf》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《时间状语从句.pdf(10页珍藏版)》请在三一文库上搜索。
1、. word 范文 状语从句 什么是状语: 句子中修饰动词、形容词等的句子成分叫状语,用来从地点、时间、原因、目 的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式和伴随状况等方面修饰说明谓语。 e.g. He speaks English very well.(副词作状语) e.g. He is playing under the tree.(介词短语作状语) e.g. I come specially to see you.(不定式作状语) e.g. If I am not busy tomorrow,I will play football with you.(从句 作状语) e.g. Having ha
2、d a quarrel with his wife,he left home in a bad temper. (分词作状语) 状语从句: 状语从句就是在复合句里起状语作用的从句,可以表示时间、地点、 原因、 目的、结果、让步、比较、方式、条件等。引导状语从句的连词叫做从属连词。 状语从句的位置可以在句首,也可以在句末。放在句首时,从句后面常用逗号 与主句隔开;放在句末时,从句前面往往不用逗号。 If it s fine tomorrow, I will go with you. I will go with you if it s fine tomorrow. 状语从句分类: 1 、时间状语
3、从句 2、地点状语从句 3、原因状语从句 4、目的状语从句 5、结果状语从句 6、条件状语从句 7、让步状语从句 . word 范文 8、比较状语从句 9、方式状语从句 时间状语从句 从属连词: when, while, as, before, after, till/until, since, whenever, as soon as (一就) 时态: 主将从现,主情从现,主祈从现 一、When/while/as (当时候) 区别:主句动作与从句动作发生的时间(同时/ 之前/ 之后) ;从句动词(延续 性/ 瞬时性) 1)When: when 引导时间状语从句时表示 “ 当的时候 ” ,wh
4、en 既可以指时间段也可指 时间点,从句中既可用延续性动词又可用瞬间性动词,且动作既可和主句的动 作同时发生又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生。且when引导的时间状语从句 中一般用一般现在时表将来(主将从现) 。 e.g. I will call you when I get there. e.g. When I came home my wife was cooking dinner. e.g. I will go home when the rain stops. e.g. When I got to the airport,the guests had left. A)如果 when引导的
5、时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同,而从句的谓语又是 be 动词时,那么从句中的主语和be 可以省略 ; e.g. When (you are) in trouble, ask her for help. B)当 when引导的时间状语从句的主语与主句主语相同时,往往还可以省略从 句的主语并用 “ when+ 分词” 的形式替代该状语从句。 e.g. When I came into the room (=When coming into the room), I found him lying there asleep. . word 范文 2)While while 引导时间状语从句时表示“
6、 当的时候 ” ,它强调主句的动作与从句的 动作同时持续地进行, 用于这一用法时while 引导的时间状语从句和主句中的 谓语动词必须是延续性动词, 或者强调主句的动作发生在从句动作的进行过程 中,此时主句中的谓语动词通常是非延续性动词。记住,从句中始终是延续性 动词,且从句多用进行时态。 (while 还可以表示对比,译成“然而” ,放在句 首可以表示“虽然”) e.g. I met her while I was at school. e.g. While I was sleeping, the UFO arrived. e.g. We were doing our homework wh
7、ile it was raining outside. e.g. Study while you study; play while you play. 3)As as 引导时间状语从句时表示“当时” (只引导瞬间性动词,两个动作是 紧密联系的,一前一后进行) ,“一边 一边” ,侧重表示两个动作同 时发生 ( 包括一个主语同时进行两个动作) ,“随着” ,一种动作随着另一种 动作的变化而变化从句中只能接延续动词。 e.g. He jumps as he goes along. e.g. As the wind rose the noise increased. 【When, while ,
8、as 辨析】 三者均可以表示 “ 当时候” ,如果主句表示的是短暂性动作,而从句表 示的是延续性动作(主短从延) ,三者可以通用。 I met Mr Li as / when / while I was walking along the street. (1)While 意为“ 在期间” ,从句的谓语必须是延续性动词。 The plane had left when we got to the airport. (2)表示带有规律性的 “ 每当” ,或者主从句动作有先后时,都只能用when. . word 范文 When winter comes, it becomes cold. (3)表
9、示 “ 随着” 时间的推移,主从句的内容是两种变化的情况,只能用as. As the day went on, the weather got worse. (4)强调主句动作延续到从句所指的整个时间,只能用while. 【巩固练习】 1)I had just stepped out of the bathroom and was busily drying myself with a towel _ I heard the steps. A. while B. when C. since D. after 2)He was about halfway through his meal _ a
10、 familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while 3)We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before 4) I m going to the post office. _ you re there, can you get me some stamps? A. As B. While C. Because D. If 5)I _ along the street look
11、ing for a place to park when the accident _. A. went; was occurring B. went; occurred C. was going; occurred D. was going; had occurred 答案 BCABC 二、Before/after before 引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之前, 常翻译为在 “ 之前” ,“ 才” 或“ 就” 。 e.g. See me before you leave. . word 范文 e.g. Before they drive any of the buses,
12、 they will have to pass a special test. after引导时间状语从句时表示主句的动作发生在从句动作之后 e.g. I saw them after I arrived. e.g. I found his pen after he has left. 【巩固练习】 He was told that it would be at least three more months _ he could recover and return to work. A. when B. before C. since D. that It was some time _
13、we realized the truth. A. when B. until C. since D. before 三、Till/until/notuntil 1、肯定句:till和 until这两个词作连词和介词时的意义和用法相同,一般 可以换用 (放在句首时通常用until的形式,till在口语中更为常见 ) 。主句的 谓语动词必须是持续性的,表示“ 到为止” , “ 直到才( 开始) ” 。 e.g. Walk till you come to a white house. e.g. We didn t discuss the problem until he came back. 2
14、、否定句: Not until,主句的谓语动词则为短暂性的,表示“ 直到 才” ,若主句谓语动词为延续性动词,根据上下文可表示“没有到” He didn t wait until/ till I returned.他没有等到我回来。 not until的三种用法: 1)用在句中的基本用法 e.g. He did not appear until the concert ended. 2)与 that 搭配的强调结构 . word 范文 e.g. It was not until the concert ended that he appeared. 3)用于句首的倒装结构主句倒装 e.g. N
15、ot until the concert ended did he appeared. 【巩固练习】 1)It is difficult for us to learn a lesson in life _ we ve actually had that lesson. A. until B. after C. since D. when 2)A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D
16、. until 3)I don t really work here; I _ until the new secretary arrives. A. just help out B. have just helped out C. am just helping out D. will just help out 四、Since Since 引导的时间状语从句表示 “ 自从以来” ,需注意以下两 1)引导时间状语从句时,一般指的是“ 从过去的某一时间点以来” 的概念,表 示动作从过去一直持续到现在。从句用一般过去时,主句用完成时。 e.g. I have never seen him aga
17、in since he left here. e.g. They have been friends ever since they were in school. 2)若表示到过去某一时间前的情况,则主句用过去时,从句用过去完成时。 通搭配为 it was+ 时间段 +since 过去完成时或 it is+ 时间段+since 过去时 e.g. It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. e.g. It was three years since we had been there. 3)延续性动词相反翻译,瞬间性动词正常翻译
18、 . word 范文 It is three years since I smoked a cigar. 我不抽烟三年了。 It is three years since I left there. 我离开那里已经三年了。 【巩固练习】 1)They _ friends since they met in Shanghai. A. have made B. have become C. have been D. have turned 2) What was the party like? Wonderful. It s been 2 years _ I enjoyed myself so m
19、uch. A. after B. before C. when D. since 五、“一就” as soon as, immediately, directly, instantly, the moment, the minute, the instant, no sooner than , hardly/ scarcely when和 once 1)as soon as 表示对将来事情进行推测(用一般现在时表示将来) 对过去事情进行陈述,表示两个动作同时进行或一前一后 2)no sooner than 和 hardly when 因为没有表达一种条件性,只能对过去事情进行陈述 时态方面:主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时 倒装同时满足三点:否定词提前、主倒从不倒、部分倒装(be、助、情提到 主语之前)。 I had hardly got home when it began to rain. Hardly had I got home when it began to rain. 我一到家天就下起雨来。 . word 范文 【课后练习】 . word 范文 . word 范文 欢迎您的光临,word文档下载后可以修改编辑。双击可以删除页眉页脚。谢谢! 单纯的课本内容,并不能满足学生的需要,通过补充,达到内容的完善
链接地址:https://www.31doc.com/p-5362651.html