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1、1 管道组成件Piping component 1.1 管子 Pipe 管子(按照配管标准规格制造的 ) pipe 管子(不按配管标准规格制造的其他用管) tube 钢管 steel pipe 铸铁管 cast iron pipe 衬里管 lined pipe 复合管 clad pipe 碳钢管 carbon steel pipe 合金钢管 alloy steel pipe 不锈钢 stainless steel pipe 奥氏体不锈钢管austenitic stainless steel pipe 铁合金钢管ferritic alloy steel pipe 轧制钢管 wrought-ste
2、el pipe 锻铁管 wrought-iron pipe 无缝钢管 seamless (SMLS) steel pipe 焊接钢管 welded steel pipe 电阻焊钢管electric-resistance welded steel pipe 电熔(弧)焊钢板卷管electric-fusion (arc)-welded steel-plate pipe 螺旋焊接钢管spiral welded steel pipe 镀锌钢管 galvanized steel pipe 热轧无缝钢管hot-rolling seamless pipe 冷拔无缝钢管cold-drawing seamles
3、s pipe 水煤气钢管water-gas steel pipe 塑料管 plastic pipe 玻璃管 glass tube 橡胶管 rubber tube 直管 run pipe; straight pipe 1.2 管件 Fitting 弯头 elbow 异径弯头 reducing elbow 带支座弯头base elbow 长半径弯头long radius elbow 短半径弯头short radius elbow 长半径 180 弯头 long radius return 短半径 180 弯头 short radius return 带侧向口的弯头(右向或左向)side outle
4、t elbow (right hand or left hand) 双支管弯头(形) double branch elbow 三通 tee 异径三通 reducing tee 等径三通 straight tee 带侧向口的三通(右向或左向)side outlet tee (right hand or 1eft hand) 异径三通(分支口为异径)reducing tee (reducing on outlet) 异径三通(一个直通口为异径)reducing tee (reducing on one run) 带支座三通base tee 异径三通 (一个直通口及分支口为异径)reducing t
5、ee (reducing on one run and outlet) 异径三通(两个直通口为异径,双头式)reducing tee (reducing on both runs, bull head) 45 斜三通 45 lateral 45 斜三通(支管为异径)45 lateral (reducing on branch) 45 斜三通 (一个直通口为异径 ) 45 lateral (reducing on one run) 45 斜三通 (一个直通口及支管为异径 ) 45 lateral (reducing on one run and branch) Y 型三通(俗称裤衩)true “
6、Y” 四通 cross 等径四通 straight cross 异径四通 reducing cross 异径四通(一个分支口为异径)reducing cross (reducing on one outlet) 异径四通(一个直通口及分支口为异径)reducing cross (reducing on one run and outlet) 异径四通(两个分支口为异径)reducing cross (reducing on both outlet) 异径四通(一个直通口及两个分支口为异径)reducing cross (reducing on one run and both outlet)
7、异径管 reducer 同心异径管concentric reducer 偏心异径管eccentric reducer 锻制异径管reducing swage 螺纹支管台threadolet 焊接支管台weldolet 承插支管台sockolet 弯头支管台elbolet 斜接支管台latrolet 镶入式支管嘴sweepolet 短管支管台nipolet 支管台,插入式支管台boss 管接头 coupling, full coupling 半管接头 half coupling 异径管接头reducing coupling 活接头 union 内外螺纹缩接(俗称补芯)bushing 管帽 cap
8、 (C) 堵头 plug 短节 nipple 异径短节 reducing nipple; swage nipple 1.3 弯管 Bend 预制弯管 fabricated pipe bend 跨越弯管( 形) cross-over bend 偏置弯管( 形) offset bend 90 弯管 quarter bend 环形弯管 cirele bend 单侧偏置 90 弯管( ? 形) single offset quarter bend S 形弯管 “S” bend 单侧偏置 U 形膨胀弯管( | ?形) single offset “U ” bend U 形弯管 “U” bend 双偏置
9、U 膨胀弯管double offset expansion “U ” bend 斜接弯管 mitre bend 三节斜接弯管3-piece mitre bend 折皱弯管 corrugated bend 圆度 roundness 1.4 法兰 Flange (FLG) 整体管法兰integral pipe flange 钢管法兰 steel pipe flange 螺纹法兰 threaded flange 滑套法兰(包括平焊法兰)slip-on flange (SO); slip-on welding flange 承插焊法兰socket welding flange 松套法兰 lap joi
10、nt flange (LJF) 对焊法兰 welding neckflange (WNF) 法兰盖 blind flange, blind 孔板法兰 orifice flange 异径法兰 reducing flange 盘座式法兰pad type flange 松套带颈法兰loose hubbed flange 焊接板式法兰welding plate flange 对焊环 welding neck collar (与 stub end相似) 平焊环 welding-on collar 突缘短节 stub end, lap 翻边端 lapped pipe end 松套板式法兰loose pla
11、te flange 压力级 pressure rating, pressure rating class 压力温度等级 pressure-temperature rating 法兰密封面,法兰面flange facing 突面 raised face (RF) 凸面 male face (MF) 凹面 female face (FMF) 榫面 tongue face 槽面 groove face 环连接面 ring joint face 全平面;满平面flat face; full face (FF) 光滑突面 smooth raised face (SRF) 法兰面加工facing fini
12、sh 粗糙度 roughness 光滑的 smooth 齿形 serrated 均方根 root mean square (RMS) 算术平均粗糙高度arithmetical average roughness height (AARH) 配对法兰 companion-flange 螺栓圆 bolt circle (B.C.) 1.5 垫片 Gasket (GSKT) 垫片的型式type of gasket 平垫片 flat gasket 环形平垫片flat ring gasket 平金属垫片flat metal gasket 夹棉织物的橡胶elastomer with cotton fabr
13、ic insertion 夹石棉织物的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion 夹石棉织物及金属丝加强的橡胶elastomer with asbestos fabric insertion and with wire reinforcement 无石墨压缩白石棉垫片non graphited compressed white asbestos gasket 天然白橡胶垫片natural white rubber gasket 压缩石棉垫片compressed asbestos class gasket 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉垫片PTFE impregna
14、ted asbestos gasket 夹石棉的缠绕金属垫片spiral-wound metal gasket with asbestos filler 内环 inner ring 外环,外定位环outer ring 波纹金属垫片corrugated metal gasket 波纹金属包嵌石棉垫片corrugated metal gasket with asbestos inserted 双夹套波纹金属包石棉垫片corrugated metal double jacketed asbestos filled gasket 双夹套垫片double jacketed gasket 金属包石棉平垫片
15、flat metal jacketed asbestos filled gasket 整体金属齿形垫片solid metal serrated gasket 槽形金属垫片grooved metal gasket 环形连接金属垫片ring joint metal gasket 八角环形垫片octagonal ring gasket 椭圆环形垫片oval ring gasket 透镜式垫片lens gasket 非金属垫片non-metallic gasket 1.6 阀门 Valve 1.6.1 阀门结构、零件 阀轭 yoke 外螺纹阀杆及阀轭outside screw and yoke (OS
16、 full port 异径孔道 reducing bore, reduced port,venturi port 短型 short pattern 紧凑型(小型)compact type 笼式环 lantern ring 压盖 gland 阀杆填料 stem packing 阀盖垫片 bonnet gasket 升杆式(明杆)rising stem (RS) 非升杆式(暗杆)non-rising stem (NRS) 指示器 /限位器 indicator/stopper 注油器 grease injector 可更换的阀座环renewable seat ring 1.6.2 常用阀 (1)闸阀
17、 gate valve 平行双闸板double disc parallel seat 开口楔形闸板split wedge 挠性整体楔形闸扳flexible solid wedge 整体楔形闸板solid wedge 塞型闸阀 plug gate valve 直通型闸阀through conduit gate valve (2) 截止阀 globe valve 球心型阀盘globe type disc 塞型阀盘 plug type disc 可转动的阀盘swivel disc (3) 节流闪阀throttle valve 针阀 needle valve (4) 角阀 angle valve (5
18、) Y 型阀( Y 型阀体截止阀)Y-valve (Y-body globe valve) (6) 球阀 ball valve 三通球阀 3-way ball valve 装有底轴的trunnion mounted 耐火型 fire safe type 浮动球型 floating ball type 防脱出阀杆blowout /proof stem (7) 蝶阀 butterfly valve 对夹式(薄片型)wafer type 凸耳式 lug type 偏心阀板蝶阀offset disc burerfly valve; eccentric butterfly valve 斜阀盘蝶阀cant
19、ed disc butterfly valve 连杆式蝶阀link butterfly valve 8) 柱塞阀 piston type valve (9) 旋塞阀 plug valve 三通旋塞阀three-way plug valve 四通旋塞阀four-way plug valve 旋塞 cock 衬套旋塞 sleeve cock (10) 隔膜阀 diaphragm valve 橡胶衬里隔膜阀rubber lined diaphragm valve 直通式隔膜阀straight way diaphragm valve 堰式隔膜阀weir diaphragm valve (11) 夹紧式
20、胶管阀pinch valve(用于泥浆、粉尘等) (12) 止回阀 check valve 升降式止回阀lift check valve 旋启式止回阀swing check valve, flap check valve 落球式止回阀ball check valve 弹簧球式止回阀spring ball check valve 双板对夹式止回阀dual plate wafer type check valve 无撞击声止回阀non-slam cheek valve 底阀 foot valve 切断式止回阀stop check valve; non-return valve 活塞式止回阀pist
21、on check valve 斜翻盘止回阀tilting disc check valve 蝶式止回阀butterfly check valve 1.6.3 其它用途的阀 安全泄气阀safety valve (SV) 安全泄液阀relief valve (RV) 安全泄压阀safety relief valve 杠杆重锤式lever and weight type 引导阀操纵的安全泄气阀pilot operated safety valve 复式安全泄气阀twin type safety valve 罐底排污阀flush-bottom tank valve 电磁阀 solenoid valve
22、, solenoid operated valve 电动阀 electrically operated valve, electric-motor operated valve 气动阀 pneumatic operated valve 低温用阀 cryogenic service valve 蒸汽疏水阀steam trap 机械式疏水阎mechanical trap 浮桶式疏水阀open bucket trap, open top bucket trap 浮球式疏水阀float trap 倒吊桶式疏水阀inverted bucket trap 自由浮球式疏水阀loose float trap
23、恒温式疏水阀thermostatic trap 金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀metal expansion steam trap 液体膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀liquid expansion steam trap 双金属膨胀式蒸汽疏水阀bimetallic expansion steam trap 压力平衡式恒温疏水阀balanced pressure thermostatic trap 热动力式疏水阀thermodynamic trap 脉冲式蒸汽疏水阀impulse steam trap 放气阀(自动放气阀)air vent valve (automatic air vent valve) (疏水阀用)
24、平板式滑动闸阀slab type sliding gate valve 盖阀 flat valve 换向阀 diverting valve, reversing valve 热膨胀阀 thermo expansion valve 自动关闭阀self-closing gate valve 自动排液阀self-draining valve 管道盲板阀line-blind valve 挤压阀 squeeze valve (用于泥浆及粉尘等) 呼吸阀 breather valve 风门、挡板damper 减压阀 pressure reducing valve, reducing valve 控制阀 c
25、ontrol valve 膜式控制阀diaphragm operated control valve 执行机构 actuator 背压调节阀back pressure regulating valve 差压调节阀differential pressure regulating valve 压力比例调节阀pressure ratio regulating valve 1.6.4 未指明结构(或阀型)的阀 切断阀 block valve; shut-off valve; stop valve 调节阀 regulating valve 快开阀 quick opening valve 快闭阀 quic
26、k closing valve 隔断阀 isolating valve 三通阀 three way valve 夹套阔 jacketed valve 非旋转式阀non-rotary valve 排污阀 blowdown valve 集液排放阀drip valve 排液阀 drain valve 放空阀 vent valve 卸载阀 unloading valve 排出阀 discharge valve 吸入阀 suction valve 多通路阀 multiport valve 取样阀 sampling valve 手动阀 hand-operated valve; manually opera
27、ted valve 锻造阀 forged valve 铸造阀 cast valve (水)龙头bibb; bib; faucet 抽出液阀(小阀)bleed valve 旁路阀 by-pass valve 软管阀 hose valve 混合阀 mixing valve 破真空阀 vacuum breaker 冲洗阀 flush valve 第一道阀;根部阀primary valve 根部阀 root valve 总管阀 header valve 事故切断阀emergency valve 1.7 管道特殊件Piping Specialty 1.7.1 管道特殊件(组件) 粗滤器 strainer
28、 过滤器 filter 临时粗滤器(锥型)temporary strainer (cone type) y 型粗滤器y-type strainer T 型粗滤器T-type strainer 永久过滤器permanent filter 丝网粗滤器gauze strainer 洗眼器及淋浴器eye washer and shower 视镜 sight glass 阻火器 flame arrester 喷嘴;喷头spray nozzle 取样冷却器sample cooler 消声器 silencer 膨胀节 expansion joint 波纹膨胀节bellow expansion joint 单
29、波 single bellow 双波 double bellow 多波 multiple bellow 压力平衡式膨胀节pressure balanced expansion 带铰链膨胀节hinged expansion joint 轴向位移型膨胀节axial movement type expansion joint 自均衡膨胀节(外加强环)self-equalizing expansion joint 带接杆膨胀节tied expansion joint 万向型膨胀节universal type expansion joint 球形补偿器ball type expansion joint
30、填函式补偿器slip type (packed type) expansion joint 单向滑动填料函补偿器single actionpacked slip joint 1.7.2 管道特殊元件 Piping Special Element 软管接头 hose connection (HC) 快速接头 quick coupling 金属软管 metal hose 橡胶管 rubber hose 挠性管 flexible tube 鞍形补强板reinforcing saddles 补强板 reinforcement pad 特殊法兰 special flange 漏斗 funnel 排液环
31、drip ring 排液漏斗 drain funnel 插板 blank 垫环 spacer 8 字盲板 spectacle blind; figure 8 blind 限流孔板 restriction orifice 爆破片 rupture disk 法兰盖贴面/protective disc 费托立克接头victaulic coupling 1.8 端部连接End Connection 法兰端 flanged end 坡口端 beveled end (BE) 对焊端 butt welded end 平端 plain end (PE) 承插焊端 socket welding end 螺纹端
32、threaded end (TE) 承口 bell end 焊接端 welding end 法兰连接(接头)flanged joint 对焊连接(接头)butt welded joint 螺纹连接,管螺纹连接threaded joint, pipe threaded joint 锥管螺纹密封焊连接seal-welded taper pipe threaded joint 承插焊连接(接头)socket welded joint 承插连接(接头)bell and spigot joint 环垫接头 ring joint (RJ) 万向接头 universal joint 软钎焊连接(接头)sol
33、dered joint 搭接接头,松套连接lapped joint 外侧厚度切斜角bevel for outside thickncss 内侧厚度切斜角bevel for inside thickness 内外侧厚度切斜角bevel for combined thickness 法兰式的 flanged (FLGD) 对焊的 butt welded (BW) 螺纹的 threaded (THD) 承插焊的 socket welded (SW) 小端为平的small end plain (SEP) 大端为平的large end plain (LEP) 两端平 both ends plain (B
34、EP) 小端带螺纹small end thread (SET) 大端带螺纹large end thread (LET) 两端带螺纹both end thread (BET) 一端带螺纹one end thread (OET) 支管连接 branch connection 焊接支管 branch pipe welded directly to the run pipe 2 管道用紧固件及螺纹 2.1 紧固件 螺栓 bolt 六角头螺栓hexagonal head bolt 方头螺栓 square head bolt 螺柱,双头螺栓stud bolt 环头螺检 eye bolt 沉头螺栓 coun
35、tersunk (head) screw 地脚螺栓 anchor bolt; foundation bolt 松紧螺旋扣(花篮螺丝)turnbuckle U 形螺栓 U-bolt T 形螺栓 T-bolt 圆头螺钉 round head bolt 机螺栓,机螺钉maehine bolt 顶开螺栓,顶起螺栓Jack screw 自攻螺钉 self tapping screw 膨胀螺栓 expansion bolt 粗制的 coarse 精制的 finished, fine 螺母 nut 六角螺母 hexagonal nut 方螺母 square nut 蝶形螺母 wing nut 扁螺母 fla
36、t nut 锁紧螺母 lock nut 垫圈 washer 平垫圈 plain washer 球面垫圈 spherical washer 弹簧垫圈 spring washer 方垫圈 square washer 斜垫圈 slant washer 销轴 pinned shan 销 pin 开口销 cotter pin 定位销 dowel pin 带孔销 pin with hole 圆锥销 taper pin 铆钉 rivet 键 key 2.2 螺纹 左螺纹 left hand thread 右螺纹 right hand thread 管螺纹 pipe thread 锥管螺纹 taper pip
37、e thread 直管螺纹 straight pipe thread 梯形螺纹 trapezoid thread 螺距 pitch of thread 粗牙螺纹 coarse thread 细牙螺纹 fine thread 特细牙螺纹 extra fine thread 通长螺纹 full thread 惠氏螺纹 whitworth thread 公制螺纹 metric ibread 美国标准锥管螺纹American standard taper pipe thread (NPT) 螺孔 tap 3 材料、型钢及填料 3.1 金属材料 3.1.1 黑色金属Ferrous Metal 碳素钢 c
38、arbon steel (CS) 低碳钢 low-carbon steel 中碳钢 medium-carbon steel 高碳钢 high-carbon steel 普通碳素钢general carbon steel 优质碳素钢high-quality carbon steel 普通低合金结构钢general structure low-alloy steel 合金结构钢structural alloy steel 合金钢 alloy steel 低合金钢 low alloy steel 中合金钢 medium alloy steel 高合金钢 high alloy steel 耐热钢 he
39、at resisting steel 高强度钢 high strength steel 复合钢 clad steel 工具钢 tool steel 弹簧钢 spring steel 钼钢 molybdenum steel 镍钢 nickel steel 铬钢 chromium steel 铬钼钢 chrome-molybdenum steel 铬镍钢 chromium-nickel steel,chrome-nickel steel 不锈钢 stainless steel (S.S.) 奥氏体不锈钢Austenitic stainless steel 马氏体不锈钢Martensitic sta
40、inless steel 司特来合金(钨铬钴台金)Stellite 耐蚀耐热镍基合金Hastelloy 铬镍铁合金inconel 耐热铬镍铁合金incoloy 20 合金 20 alloy 平炉钢(马丁钢)Martin steel 镇静钢 killed steel 半镇静钢 semi-killed steel 沸腾钢 rimmed steel; rimming steel; open-steel 锻钢 forged steel 铸钢 cast steel 铸铁 cast iron (C.I.) 灰铸铁 grey cast iron 可锻铸铁 malleable iron (MI) 球墨铸铁 n
41、odular cast iron; nodular graphite iron 生铁 pig iron 熟铁,锻铁wrought iron 铸件 casting 高硅铸铁 high silicon cast iron 3.1.2 镀层及制造方法 渗铬钢,镀铬钢chromized steel 镀铬的 chromium-plated, chrome-plated 镀层 plating 锻造,型钢swage 锻造的,锻造forging 轧制 rolling 热轧 hot rolling 冷轧 cold rolling 挤压 extruding 冷加工 cold working 热加工 hot wor
42、king 拔制 drawing 3.1.3 有色金属 Non-ferrous Metal 铝 aluminum 铜,紫铜 copper 黄铜 brass 青铜 bronze 铝青铜 aluminum bronze 磷青铜 phosphor bronze 铝镁合金 aluminum magnesium 锰青铜 manganese bronze 蒙乃尔(注:镍及铜合金)Monel 镍铜台金 nickel copper alloy 非铁合金 nonferrous alloy 钛 titanium 铅 lead 硬铅 hard lead 3.1.4 材料性能 极限强度 ultimate strengt
43、h 抗拉强度 tensile strength 屈服极限 yield limit 屈服点 yield point 延伸率 percentage elongation 抗压强度 compressive strength 抗弯强度 bending strength 弹性极限 elastic limit 冲击值 impact value 疲劳极限 fatigue limit 蠕变极限 creep limit 持久极限 endurance limit 布氏硬度 Brinell hardness 洛氏硬度 Rockwell hardness 维氏硬度 Vickers diamond hardness,
44、diamond penetrator hardness 蠕变断裂强度creep rupture strength 断面收缩率reduction of area 韧性 toughess 脆性 brittleness 延性 ductility 冷脆 cold shortness 冷流 cold flow 3.2 非金属材料Non-metallic Material 塑料 plastic 丙烯腈 丁二烯 苯乙烯 acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) 聚乙烯 polyethylene (PE) 聚氯乙烯 polyvinyl chloride (PVC) 苯乙烯橡胶
45、styrene-rubber (SR) 聚丁烯 polybutylene (PB) 聚丙烯 poly/propylene (PP) 聚苯乙烯 polystyrene (PS) 氯化聚醚 chlorinated polyether (CPE) 聚酰胺 polyamide (PA) 聚碳酸酯 polycarbonate (PC) 聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) 醋酸丁酸纤维素 cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB) 氯化聚氯乙烯chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) 聚偏二氟乙烯polyvi
46、nylidene fluoride (PVDF) 缩醛塑料 acetal plastic 尼龙塑料 nylon plastic 聚烯烃 polyolefin (PO) 石墨酚醛塑料graphite phenolic plastics 聚四氟乙烯polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) 纤维增强热塑性塑料fiber reinforced thermoplastics 热塑性塑料thermoplastic 热固性塑料thermosetting plastics 胶粘剂 adhesive 溶剂胶接剂solvent cement 树脂 resin 环氧树脂 epoxy, epoxy
47、 resin 聚酯树脂 polyester resin 聚酯纤维 polyester fibers 氟塑料 fluoroplastics 聚氨基甲酸酯polyurethane 丙烯酸树脂acrylic resin 脲醛树脂 urea resin 呋哺树脂 furan resin 乙烯丙烯二烃单体ethylene /propylene diene monomer (EPDM) 合成橡胶 synthetic rubber 橡胶 rubber 丁腈橡胶 nitrile butadiene rubber 氯丁橡胶 neoprene 天然橡胶 natural rubber 乙丙橡胶 ethylene /
48、propylene rubber (EPR) 玻璃 glass 硼硅玻璃 borosilicate glass 耐火砖 fire brick 陶瓷 ceramic 搪瓷 porcelain enamel 木材 wood 3.3 型材 型钢 shaped steel, section steel, swage 角钢 angle steel 槽钢 channel 工字钢 I-beam 宽缘工字钢或 H 钢 wide flanged beam T 型钢 T-bar 方钢 square bar 扁钢 flat bar 角钢 hexagonal steel bar 圆钢 round steel; rod
49、 钢带 strap steel 钢板 plate 网纹钢板 checkered plate 腹板(指型钢的立板)web 翼缘(指型钢的缘)wing 3.4 填料及填料函 填料 packing 石棉绳 asbestos rope, asbestos cord O 形环 O-ring 自密封 self-sealing 四氟带 Teflon tap 带铬镍合金丝的石棉绳asbestos rope with inconel wire, inconel wire asbestos 浸聚四氟乙烯的石棉填料Teflon impregnated asbestos packing 金属填料 metallic stuffing 填料箱,填料函packing box, stuffing box 填料函压盖stuffing box gland 4 管道等级及材料统计 4.1 管道材料规定Piping Material Specification 管道等级 piping class; piping classification 管道等级号class designation 公称直径 nominal diameter (DN); nominal (pipe) size 公称压力 nominal pressure (PN) 压力级,等级,类别class (C
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