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1、精品文档 精品文档 2016 年人 教版英语中考分 册复习 知识点 Unit 1-Unit 2 重点句型 1. My name s Jenny. I m Gina. Nice to meet you. 2. What s your/his/her name? My/His/Her name is . 3. What s your/his/her family/first name? 4. What s your telephone number? It s 218-9176. 5. What s his/ her telephone number? 6. What s this/that in
2、 English? It s a ruler. 7. Is this/that your pencil? Yes, it is./No, it isn t. 8. How do you spell pencil?/Spell pencil./Can you spell pencil? 9. Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? 10. Call Alan at 495-3539. 重点语法 be 在一般 现在 时中的基本用法: I 用 am, you用 are,is 跟着他 她它 。He ,she ,it用 is,we,
3、you they都用 are 。 单数 名词用 is,复数 名词都用 are。 be 的几 种形式: is, am, are being was, were been 主谓一致: 主谓一致的 15 种常考情 况: 1 表示 时间 ,重量, 数目,价格, 长度, 数学运 算等的 词或短 语作主 语时 ,尽 管他 们是复数 形式,但如果把 这些复数 形式的 词 或短 语看作是一 个整体, 谓语动词 用单数 形式。 Two months is quite a long time. Twenty dollars is enough. 2 动词 不定式, 动名词,从句或不可 数名词作主 语时 ,谓语动词
4、 用单数 。 To see is to believe. It is not easy to master a foreign language. 3 由 and 连 接两个 成分作主 语时 ,要根据其表示的意义来决 定谓语动词 的形式。如果其表示的是一个整体的 概念或指的是同一事物,谓语动词 用单数 ,如果其表示的是两个 不同的 对象时,谓语动词 用复数 。 The writer and the teacher are coming. The poet and teacher is one of my friends. 4 集合名 词 people , police一般看作 复数 意义,其
5、谓语动词 用 复数 。另外一些集合名词 family ,enemy , class ,army 等作主 语时 ,谓语动词 是用 单数还 是复数 ,要根据 这些词在句中的 实际 含义而定。 当他们表示的 是整体意 义时 ,谓语 用单数 ;当他 们强调个 体成 员时 ,谓语动词 用复数 形式。 In England, people eat fish and chips. The Chinese people(民族) is a great people. 5 名词性物主代 词 mine ,yours ,his ,hers, its ,ours , theirs等作主 语时 ,谓语动词 的 数取决于该
6、代词 所表示的意 义是单数还 是复数 。 His parents are young, but mine are old. 6 以 s 结尾的名 词本身不表示 复数 意义时 ,谓语动词 通常用 单数 形式,如 news ,physics ,politics ,maths 等。 No news is good news. Physics is the most difficult subject for him. 7 由 or,either or , neither nor, not only but also 等 词连 接名 词 或代 词作主 语时 ,谓语动词 的 数和最接近的主 语 一致。
7、Neither you nor Li Hua has been to Shanghai before. 精品文档 精品文档 8 以 there ,here 开头 的句子,若主语不止一 个,其 谓语动词 的形式和 邻近的那 个主语一致。 There is a table and four chairs in the room. Here are some books and paper for you. 9 trousers ,clothes , glasses , compasses, chopsticks等作主 语时 , 谓语动词 用复数 。 但如果前面有a pair of 短语时 ,谓语动
8、词 用单数 。 Jim s trousers are brown. The pair of glasses is Mr. Green s. 10 由“ a lot of/lots of/plenty of+名词 ”或“分 数+名词”作主 语时 ,谓语动词 的单复数 根据名 词的单复数 而定。 A lot of people have been to London. Three-fifths of the water is dirty. 11 “ a number of +复数 名词”作主 语时 , 谓语动词 用复数 ; “ the number of+复数 名 词”作主 语时 ,谓语动词 用单
9、数 。 A great number of birds fly to the south in winter. The number of lions does not change much if people leave things as they are. 12 代 词 something,anything ,nothing ,everyone ,anybody ,nobody ,each ,neither ,either ,little , much ,one 等作主 语时 ,谓语动词 用单数 形式。 Neither of us is a boy。 Each of them has
10、an English dictionary。 One of the students was late for school。 13 All,some none ,most , any 等代 词作主 语时 ,若其指 复数概 念, 谓语动词 用复数 形式;若其指单数 形 式, 则谓语动词 用单数 形式。 Not all work is difficult。 Not all the students are here。 14 有些形容 词前面加上定冠 词 the ,如 the poor ,the old , the yong ,the rich ,the dying等用 来表示一 类 人时,主 语
11、为复数 意义 ,谓语动词 用复数 。 The old are good taken care of。 15 Many a 意为“ 许多”,但因后面跟的是单数 名词,谓语动词应 用单数 形式。 Many a student has passed the exam。 练习 : 1The news for my brother。 A. are B. were C. be D. is 2A boy with two dogs when the earthquake rocked the city。 A. were sleeping B. is asleep C. was sleeping D. are
12、 asleep 3Everyone except Tom and John there when the meeting began。 A. are B. is C. was D. were 4Neither he nor I from Canada。We are from Australia 。 A. is B. are C. am D. be 5Jim works hard on his Chinese and 。 A. so Lucy does B. so is Lucy C. so does Lucy D. so Lucy is 6Jenny and her parents going
13、 to visit the Palace Museum tomorrow。. A. is B. am C. are D. be 7Henry ,with his friends,volleyball every afternoon。 A. play B. plays C. has played D. have played 8Fish and chips the most takeaway food in England。 A. are B. is C. were D. was 精品文档 精品文档 9My family early in the morning。 A. get B. gets
14、C. has got D. have got 10 Maths my favorite subject。 A. be B. is C. am D. are 11. How time flies! Three years really a short time. A. is B. are C. was D. were 12. liu Xiang and Yao Ming are world-famous sports stars. Of them are the pride of China. A. Both B. Neither C. All D. None 13. Are the twins
15、 on the football team? -No, neither of them on the team. A. is B. are C. were D. be 14. Not only his parents but also his grandfather to a lot of places of interest in our country since hey came here. A. has gone B. has been C. have gone D. have been 15.There are enough in the fridge. We don t need
16、to buy any. A. milk B. tomatoes C. tomatos D. apple 16. A report says hundreds and thousands of trees in the Amazon rainforest last year. A. was cut down B. have been cut down C. were cut down D. had been cut down Units3-4 复习要点 1、介 绍家庭成 员This/That is my sister/brother/mother These/Those are my paren
17、ts/grandparents Is this/that your sister/brother? Yes, it is./No, it isn t. Are these/those your parents/grandparents? Yes, they are. /No, they aren t. There are 3/4/5 people in my family. They are my father, my mother, and I. 2、关于方位介 词或短 语 表方位的介 词或短 语有: in,on ,under,behind,near,next to,in front of,
18、across from, My book is on my desk, my pen is in my book Where is the backpack/pencil? It s in/on/under. Where are the books/pens/balls? They are in/on/under. 3、把 带去给某人take to e.g:Please take these things to your sister. 把 带来给 某人bring to e.g:Can you bring my homework to school? 二、代 词 ( 有 两种 :人 称代 词和
19、物主代 词。) 1、人 称 代词分为:第一、第二、第三人称,且有 单复数 之分。 2、人 称 代词的主格在句中做主语,一般用在 动词 前(疑 问句除外); 宾格在句中做 宾语 ,多用于 动词 、介 词 后。 3、形容 词性物主代 词起形容 词的作用,后面一定要跟名词,表示 该名 词是属于谁的。 4、名 词 性物主代 词=形容 词性物主代 词+名词。如: This is my bag. = This is mine. That is her ruler. = That is hers. 一般看后面有 没有名 词,如有,就用形容词性物主代 词;如无,就用名词性物主代 词。 请牢记下表: 精品文档
20、精品文档 练一练: 1、按要求 写出相 应人称代词。 I(宾格) _ she(形容 词性物主代 词 )_ we(名 词 性物主代 词)_ he(复数 ) _ us (单数 )_ theirs (主格) _ its( 宾格) 2、想一想,把下表补充完整。 3、用所 给词 的适 当形式 填空。 1)That is not _ kite. That kite is very small, but _ is very big. ( I ) 2)The dress is _. Give it to _. ( she ) 3)Is this _ watch? ( you ) No, it s not _
21、. ( I ) 4)_ is my brother. _ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are _. ( he ) 5)_ dresses are red. ( we ) What color are _? ( you ) 6)Show _ your kite, OK? ( they ) 7)I have a beautiful cat. _name is Mimi. These cakes are _. ( it ) 8)Are these _ tickets? No, _ are not _. _ aren t here. ( they ) 9)Shal
22、l _ have a look at that classroom? That is _ classroom.( we ) 10 )_ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ a nurse. ( she ) 11 )Where are _? I can t find _. Let s call _ parents. ( they ) 12 )Don t touch _. _ not a cat, _ a tiger! ( it ) 13 )_ sister is ill. Please go and get _. ( she ) 14 )The girl behin
23、d _ is our friend. ( she ) 三、其他代 词(有反身代 词,指示代 词 ,不定代 词,疑 问代词,相互代 词和关系代 词) 1、反身代 词:表示某人自己的代词 人称 数 单数复数 第一人 称myself ourselves 第二人 称yourself yourselves 精品文档 精品文档 第三人 称himself herself itself themselves 反身代 词在句中可作 宾语 、同位 语 、表 语等,在使用 时应 注意 它和它所指代的名 词和代 词在人 称 、性、 数上的 一致性。 Little Jimmy can dress himself now
24、。 小吉米 现在能自己穿衣服了。 (作 宾语 ) The boy in the picture is myself,not anyone else。 照片上的男孩不是别人,正是我自己。 (作表 语 ) I myself made the mistake about your address。 我自己把 你的地址 搞错 了。 (作同位 语) 四、指示代 词 指示代 词是用 来指示或 标示人或事物的代词 ,表示“这个 (些) ”“ 那个 (些) ”, 他们主要有: 单数复数 近指this 这个these 这些 远指that 那个those 那些 1.this, these往往指 时间 或空 间较
25、近的人或物; that,those可指 时间 或空 间较远 的人和物。 This gift is for you and that one is for your brother. 这件礼物是 你的,那件是 你弟弟的 .(this 近指 ,that 远指) I like these games but Idon t like those. 我喜 欢这 些游 戏,但不喜 欢那些 .(these近指 ,those远指) 2.that,those常常用 来代替前面已提到过的名 词,以避免重 复。 those 代指 复数 形式, that 代指 单数 形式。 The computer works fa
26、ster than those we bought last year。 这些计算机比我 们 去年 买的工作速度快。 The life in the country is more peaceful than that in the city。 乡村生活比城市的生活要安静。 对于上文中所提到的事物,英语中常用 that 或 those 表示,而 汉语 却常用“这”表示。如: I had a bad cold。That s why I didn t attend the lecture。 我感冒了, 这就是我 为什么没 去听 讲座的原因。 Those are the DVDs you want。
27、 这就是 你要的 DVD 碟片。 Units 5-6 重点句型: Do you have a basketball? Yes, I do. / No, I don t. Let s watch TV. No, that sounds boring. That sounds great. Do you like hamburgers? Yes, I do. / No, I don t. I like French fries. I don t like tomatoes. 重点语法:名词 一.名词的分 类:名词分为专 有名 词和普通名 词。专有名 词指个 人,地方 ,机 构等专有名 称. 如:
28、China, Shanghai, Li lei 。普通名 词又分 为个体名 词: 某类人或 东西中的 个体.如 fighter, gun, country, 集体名 词:若干 个体组成的集 精品文档 精品文档 合体 .如 family, team, police, class 物质名词:无法分 为个 体的 实物。如cotton, tea, air, 抽象名 词: 动作, 状态 , 品质, 感情等抽象 概念. 如: health, happiness. 个体名 词和集体名 词 又叫做可 数名词. 物质名词和抽象名 词 又叫做不可 数名词 . 二.名词的数。可 数名词都有 单数 和复数 之分。 :
29、 规则 的可 数名词变复数 的规则 如下: 1. 一般情 况 加 s : books, mouths, houses, girls 2. 以 s,sh, ch, x 结尾的 es: classes, boxes, matches 3. 辅音字母+ y 结尾的 变 y 为 i,再加 es: cities,countries, parties,factories 4. 以 o 结尾的 词多数+es heroes Negroes potatoes tomatoes zeroes / zeros 以 o 结尾并且 词尾有 两个 元音字母+s radios, zoos, bamboos , (piano
30、s ,kilos photos是特殊 ) 5. 以 f, fe 结尾的改 f, 或 fe 为 v,再+es, 例如 :leaves, lives, wives knives, halves, wolves The thief s wife killed three wolves with some leaves and knives in half of her life. 但是,也有一些 +s, 如 roofs, proofs, gulfs, beliefs, handkerchiefs / handkerchieves : 不规则 的可 数名 词变复数 的规则 : 1. man men,
31、womanwomen, toothteeth, foot feet, child children, mousemice, 2.单复数 相同 : sheep, fish, deer, means, Chinese, Japanese, fish 如表示不同 种类 的鱼时复数 是 fishes; There are many kinds of fishes in that lake. 3.以 man, woman 修饰名词构 成合成 词时 ,两个词 都变化. man servantmen servants(男仆 ). (boy/girl students) woman doctorwomen d
32、octors. 4.复合名 词的复数 形式: son-in-law-sons-in-law (主体名 词变 化) film-goer-film-goers, grown-up-grown-ups (如果 没 有主体名 词,在词尾加 复数 ) 5.字母 ,阿拉伯 数字的 复数 形式一般加“ s ”或“s” . There are two l s in the word “all ” . It happened in the 1960 s /1960s. I will not accept your if s and but s. 6.物质名词一般 没 有复数 ,有 时用 复数 形式表示不同 种类
33、 , wheats, fruits, vegetables,有时表示更广的 词义 , wood woods, water waters, sand sands 7. 定冠 词加姓氏的 复数 表示一家人。the Turners, the Smiths, the Wangs. 8. 集体名 词 people, police, cattle 总是作 复数 , ( people 作民族, 种族时有单复数两种 形式 ) Many cattle are kept. Several police were on duty. The Chinese are a brave and hard-working p
34、eople. The English are a funny people. 9. 集体名 词 class, public, family, population, team, crew, committee 等单复数 都有,但意 义不同。 The class is big.- The class are taking notes in English. The population in China is larger.- 80% of the population 精品文档 精品文档 in China are peasants. 10. hair , fruit 通常作 单数 ,表示 总体
35、。 His hair is grey. a rich harvest of fruit 如果表示若干根 头发 ,表示 种类 的水果 时,可以加 复数词 尾。 He had a few white hairs. What fruits are on sale in this season ? 11. 以 s 结尾的 学科名词只作 单数 。mathematics , physics, politics, 等。 (news ) 12.glasses, trousers , scissors , shoes , spectacles,等常用 复数 ;但如果 这些词前用 a pair of / this
36、 pair of/that pair of等修 饰时谓语动词 有 pair 来决 定。 Where are my glasses ? My new pair of trousers is too long. Here are some new pairs of shoes. 13. 不可 数名词没 有复数 形式,如果表示“一 个”的 概念,可用 单位词。 a piece of news / information / advice / bread / cake / paper / meat / coal a bottle of ink, a grain of rice , a cake of
37、soap 说明:可 数名词 和不可 数名词之间并没 有截然的界限;可数名词可以 转变为 不可数名词,同 样不可 数名词也 可以转变为 可数 名词,要看 清整个 上下文的具体 内容。 三. 名词的所有格。 .有生命的名 词所有格的 构 成: A.一般在 词尾 s. the teacher s office, Xiao Li s sister s husband s mother. B. 以 s 结尾的 复数 名词只加workers rest homes. the massesrequest C. 不以 s 结尾的 复数 名 词加 s. children s toys Women s Day D:
38、复合名 词只在最后一 个词 的后面加 s. my sister-in-law s brother. E:表示共同所有的几个名词,只在最后一 个词 的后面加 s. This is Tom, James and Dick s room. F:表示各 个所有 关系的几 个名词,在每 个名词后分 别加 s. Jenny s, Jean s and Mary s rooms face to the south. G:名词短语只在最后一 个词 后加 s. a quarter of an hour s talk. . 名词所有格的用法: 1. 名词所有格主要用于表示有生命的名词,表示所 属关 系。 Lei
39、Feng s dairy. the Working People s Palace of Culture. 2.也可用于表示 时间 的名 词。 today s paper. an hour s drive. Friday s work. 3. 也可用于表示地理、国 家、城市等名 词。 the country s plan. the farm s fruit. China s population. 4.也可用于表示由人组成的集体名 词。 our Party s stand (党的立 场) 5. 也可用于表示度量、价值的名 词。 two dollarsworth of books. a poun
40、d s weight. (现代英 语中, 这种用法越 来越多。 ) .凡不能用 s 属格的情 况可用of 属格表示所 属关系。 the City of New York. a map of China. 特别 是下列情 况要用 of 属 格: 当名词有较长 的定 语时 , the name of the girl standing at the gate. Have you read the articles of the students who were with us yesterday. 精品文档 精品文档 所修 饰的名 词前有 数量词时 , a play of Comrade Li
41、s. some friends of my brother s . 所修 饰的名 词前有一 个指示代 词时 , that performance of the teachers . .双重所有格: 当 of 前面的名 词有不定冠 词、指示代 词、疑问代词、不定代 词或数词 如 a, an, this, that, these, those, two, three, four, any, some, several, no, few ,another等修 饰时 ,用 双重所有格, 双重所有格只用于表 示人的名 词并 且都是特指的。 a poem of Lu Xun s . a friend of
42、 his/hers . Which novel of Dicken s are you reading ? some friends of my brothers . 5.几 种特殊情 况: the key to the door. keys to the exercises. notes to the text answers to the question tickets for the film/movie a check for $1500. anyone else s book. the monument to the people s heroes. the entrance to
43、 the station/cinema 在现代英 语 中 of 属格大都可用s 所有格代替。 相关练习 : 1-I feel tired. I have so much work to do and don t have much time for myself, -you should take _i think. A health B time C lesson D erecise 2-Ask the naughty boys not to manke any _. I can t fall asleep. A noise B sound C voice D singing 3.Durin
44、g Christams people get together and sing Christams songs for _ A thanks B wishes C interest D fun 4.we have _at seven in the morning. A breakfast B lunch C supper D dinner 5 Please give me a_ when you arrive. -OK. I ll tell everything as soon as I get there. A hand B present C ring D ride 6.We watch
45、 evening news on Channel I of _at 7:00 in the evering . A.MTV B CAAC C.CCTV D. WTO 7-Can you tell me when _is ? -Yes. It s on the third Sunday in June. A Mother s Day B.Father s Day C. Tree Planthing Day D .Thanksgiving Day 8.Where is Tom ? He s left a _ saying that he has something important to do
46、. A excuse B sentence C message D news 9 If you want to know the meaning of a word ,you can look it up in a _. A diary B diagram C newspaper D dictionary 10.The waiter or the waitress usually gives us a _ before we order dishes in a restaurant. A menu B bill C list D form 11.Some _are flying kites n
47、ear the river A child B boy C boys D childs 12.-What would you like to drink,girls? 精品文档 精品文档 A Two cup of coffee B Two cups of coffee C Two cups of coffee D Two cup of coffees 13.My school is about twenty _walk from here A minute B minutes C minute s D minutes 14.It s _bedroom . It s clean and tidy. A .Lily ang lucy B .Lily ang Lucy s C .Lily s ang Luck D. Lily ang Luck s 15. They are those _bags. Please put them on the bus A visitor B visitors C visitor s D visitors 16. A lot of stone tables and chairs are _of the river and the number of them is growing _ A on both side ,grea
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