高考英语语法填空专题训练答案及解析.pdf
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1、高考英语语法填空专题训练答案及解析 一、语法填空 1阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式。 A few months _(early), Stephanie Heller, had finished her workout in the gym when she _(notice)a woman in the parking lot struggling to bend down. Ms. Heller offered to help her. The woman blamed old age for her incapacity, _(explain)t
2、hat she was 70. But Ms. Heller was 71. “This woman felt every bit her age.“ she recalled. “I dont let age stop me. I need a good mood, really. I love singing and dancing with all the young friends I _ (make)over the years. Im only as old as I feel.“ Each of us has _actual age, the number we celebrat
3、e on birthdays. But some 50-, 60- and 70-year-olds look and feel _(youth), while others do not. Scientists measure these differences by looking at age-related things like skin elasticity, blood pressure and so on, finding some _(connect)among them. People _a healthy lifestyle and a fortunate genetic
4、 inheritance( 继承 )tend _(score) “younger“ on these assessments. When scientists ask, “How old do you feel, most of the time?“ the answer can reflect the state of peoples physical and mental health. The age given is a virtual one, _is called “subjective age“. 【 答 案 】earlier ; noticed ; explaining ; h
5、ave made ; an ; youthful/young; connection/connections ;with ;to score;which 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文,有的人看起来比实际年龄小,是因为健康的生活方 式,好的遗传基因让人看起来更年轻,研究发现一个人的心态可以反应他的主观年龄。 (1)考查形容词。根据后文的had finished 过去完成时,可判断事情发生在过去之前,a few months earlier“几个月之前 ” ,可以和过去完成时连用,故填earlier。 ( 2 ) 考 查 时 态 。 根 系 句 子 可 知 此 处 是 从 句 谓 语 动 词
6、 , 此 处 考 查 固 定 句 型had done when( 从句用一般过去时)刚做完某事突然就 ,故填 noticed 。 (3)考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知此处是非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语the woman 和 explain(解释)之间是主动关系,应用现在分词,故填explaining。 (4)考查时态。分析句子可知此处是定语从句谓语动词,根据下文的over the years(在过 去几年里 )判断该句为现在完成时,主语为I,故填 have made。 (5)考查冠词。age 的 可数名词,此处是泛指,应用不定冠词,又actual 是元音音素开 头,故填an。 ( 6)考查形容词。
7、此处应填形容词作为feel的表语,youth的形容词是young和 youthful ,故填 young/youthful 。 (7)考查名词。此处应填名词作为finding 的宾语, connect 的名词形式connection 为可 数名词, some 可以理解为 “ 一些 /某个 ” ,故此处可以用名词单数形式,也可用复数形式, 故填 connection/connections 。 (8)考查介词。句意:拥有健康生活方式和好的遗传基因的人倾向于在这些评价中获得 高分。分析句子可知此处应填介词,再结合句意表示“ 有” 的介词是with ,故填 with 。 (9)考查非谓语动词。ten
8、d to do sth 固定短语, “ 倾向于做某事 ” ,故填 to score。 (10)考查定语从句。分析句子可知,此处是非限定性定语从句的关系词,先行词one 在 从句中充当主语,应用关系代词which 引导,故填which。 【点评】本题考点涉及形容词,时态,非谓语动词,冠词,介词,名词,定语从句以及多 个知识点的考查,是一篇健康类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根据上 下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。 2阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Mid-Autumn Day is a v
9、ery important traditional festival in China. It takes its name from the fact that it _(celebrate) in the middle of the autumn season. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the 15th day of the _ (eight) lunar month. The day is known as the Moon Festival, as at that time of the year the moon is at its roun
10、dest and _(bright). It is an evening celebration in _ families gather together and eat moon cakes. Besides, _(make) the house more beautiful, people will hang red lanterns in front of it. On that day, people look back on the past and look forward to the future together. Children will play with their
11、 own _(toy) and enjoy themselves. The Mid-Autumn Festival celebrations date back _ more than 2,000 years. The word “Mid-Autumn“ first _(appear) in the famous ancient book Zhou Li. However, it was not until the early Tang Dynasty that people celebrated the day as a traditional festival. It became an
12、_(official) established festival during the Song Dynasty, and has become as popular as the Spring Festival since the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Celebrations have continued ever since and more customs for _(mark) this occasion have been formed. 【 答 案 】is celebrated ; eighth ; brightest ; which ; to mak
13、e ; toys ; to ; appeared ; officially ;marking 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中秋节。说明了中秋节的时间、节日活动以 及节日的历史。 (1)考查时态语态。句意:它的名字来源于它是在秋季中期举行的庆祝活动。本句中主 语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且描述客观事实应用一般现在时。主语为it,谓语动词用第 三人称单数。故填is celebrated。 (2)考查数词。句意:中秋节在农历八月十五。中秋节是在农历的“ 第八个 ” 月份,故应 用序数词 “ 第八 ”eighth 。故填 eighth。 (3)考查形容词。句意:这一天被称为中秋节,因为在一
14、年的这个时候,月亮是最圆最 亮的。根据上文roundest and 可知应填形容词最高级,表示“ 最亮的 ” ,故填 brightest 。 (4)考查定语从句。句意:这是一个晚上的庆祝活动,家人聚在一起吃月饼。本句为“ 介 词+关系代词 ” 结构定语从句修饰先行词an evening celebration ,且做介词in 的宾语,指 “ 庆 祝” 活动应用关系代词which。故填 which。 (5)考查非谓语动词。句意:此外,为了使房子更漂亮,人们会在房子前面挂红灯笼。 本句中 make 做非谓语动词,表目的应用不定式。故填to make。 (6)考查名词。句意:孩子们会玩自己的玩具,玩
15、得很开心。toy 为可数名词,根据上文 their 可知玩具不止一个应用复数形式。故填toys。 (7)考查介词。句意:中秋节的庆祝活动可以追溯到2000 多年前。 date back to 固定短 语, “ 追溯到 ” ,故填 to。 (8)考查时态。句意:“ 中秋 ” 一词最早出现在著名的古籍周礼中。此处描述“ 中秋 ” 一 词最早出现,应用一般过去时。故填appeared。 (9)考查副词。句意:它在宋朝成为正式确立的节日,自明清以来就和春节一样流行。 修饰动词 establish 应用副词,故填officially 。 (10)考查非谓语动词。句意:从那以后,庆祝活动一直在继续,并形成
16、了更多纪念这一 时刻的习俗。 for 为介词后跟动名词作宾语,故填marking。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态语态,数词,形容词,定语从句,非谓语动词,名词,介词, 副词,非谓语动词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的 基础上,进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出 正确的单词形式。 3阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形式。 The powerful Hurricane Barry weakened but remained a weather nightmare on Tuesday. It _ (
17、strike) parts of Arkansas with at least six_ (inch) of rain and caused flash flooding that drowned _animal shelter and killed a puppy. Heavy rains were falling. The Humane Society of Clark County issued an SOS after flooding drowned its recently rebuilt shelter. “SOS! We are flooded. Its on the buil
18、ding! “the official said in a Facebook post. “We need help! Can any of you keep a dog _two at your houses? Help! Help! Help!“ Video from the scene showed wet dogs wandering loose in the shelter, the floor covered in water. Many offered their homes and yards _the animals. A short time _(late), the of
19、ficial posted an update on Facebook_(say) foster homes have been found for all 72 dogs. “We are so blessed! People from all over have come to _ (we) rescue. Donations. Cleaning. Fostering. Its really_ (impress).“ the post said. After the rainfall, a ray of sunshine shone brightly in the states _the
20、storm burst last week. 【答案】 struck;inches;an; or;to;later;saying;our;impressive;where 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,飓风袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区,并引发了山洪暴 发,淹没了一家动物收容所,导致一只小狗死亡。一名官员在Facebook 上请求人们救助小 狗,为所有72 只狗找到了寄养家庭的故事。 (1)考查时态。句意:它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区,带来了至少6 英寸的降雨,并引 发了山洪暴发,淹没了一家动物收容所,导致一只小狗死亡。根据上文可知飓风发生在星 期四,应用一般过去时。故填struck。 (2)考
21、查名词。句意:它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区,带来了至少6 英寸的降雨,并引 发了山洪暴发,淹没了一家动物收容所,导致一只小狗死亡。inch 为可数名词,由six修饰 应用复数形式。故填inches。 (3)考查冠词。句意:它袭击了阿肯色州的部分地区,带来了至少6 英寸的降雨,并引 发了山洪暴发,淹没了一家动物收容所,导致一只小狗死亡。animal shelter 为可数名词, 此处表示泛指,且animal 为元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 (4)考查连词。句意:你们谁能在家里养一只或者两只狗吗?结合语境可知表示“ 或者 ” 应 用 or,故填 or。 (5)考查介词。句意:许多人把自己的家和院子
22、提供给了这些动物。offer sth. to.固定短 语“ 提供某物给 ”,故填 to。 (6)考查副词。句意:不久之后,这名官员在Facebook 上更新了一条消息,称已经为所 有 72 只狗找到了寄养家庭。表示“ 不久之后 ” 短语为 a short time later ,故填 later。 (7)考查非谓语动词。句意:不久之后,这名官员在Facebook 上更新了一条消息,称已 经为所有72 只狗找到了寄养家庭。本句中say 做非谓语动词与逻辑主语an update 构成主 动关系,应用现在分词,故填saying。 (8)考查代词。句意:来自世界各地的人们来救助我们。come to o
23、nes rescue 固定短 语, “ 营救某人 ”,结合上文we 可知应填our,故填 our。 (9)考查形容词。句意:这真是令人印象深刻。结合上文Its 可知应填形容词作表语,故 填 impressive。 (10)考查定语从句。句意:雨后,一缕阳光在上周风暴爆发的 各州明亮地照耀着。本 句为定语从句修饰先行词state,且先行词在从句中做地点状语,故应用关系副词where。 故填 where。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态,名词,冠词,连词,介词,副词,非谓语动词,代词以及形 容词等多个知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一 步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关
24、语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形 式。 4阅读下列材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists found that air pollution may be responsible _ a significant reduction in intelligence. The research _ (conduct) for the World Health Organization (WHO) in China showed that air pollution was responsible for big: falls in tes
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