高考英语语法填空练习题及答案含解析.pdf
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1、高考英语语法填空练习题及答案含解析 一、高中英语语法填空 1阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 New Years Eve is the last day of the year. It is always an exciting time because people look forward to _(welcome) a new year. It is also a good time to think back and say goodbye to the old year. New Years Eve is a _(nation) holida
2、y for many people around the world. In a lot of countries , people go back to their hometown for the New Year, so usually the trains and buses_(pack) with people. In England, there is always a New Years Eve party, _ is usually held at someones home and the host invites friends, families and neighbor
3、s. The living room becomes a mini disco as everyone dances_ loud music. I have lots of good _(memory) of New Years Eve . I once spent one freezing New Years Eve in Trafalgar Square in the center of London. It snowed and was _(bitter) cold . I also spent many wonderful New Years Eves in Japan. There,
4、 it is a tradition_(visit) a shrine(圣 坛)and pray for good things. I think wherever you are, New Years Eve is always _exciting day. Maybe the last way to welcome the New Year _(be)watching amazing fireworks displays in the worlds cities. 【答案】 welcoming ;national ;are packed;which;to;memories ; bitter
5、ly ;to visit ;an; is 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,对世界各地的许多人来说,除夕是国家的假 日。作者回忆了除夕的许多美好记忆。 (1)考查非谓语动词。句意:这总是一个令人兴奋的时刻,因为人们期待着迎接新的一 年。 look forward to 固定短语, “ 期待 ” ,to 是介词,后面接动名词,所以填welcoming 。 (2)考查形容词。句意:对世界各地的许多人来说,除夕是国家的假日。该空修饰名词 holiday,用形容词,所以填national 。 (3)考查时态语态。句意:在很多国家,人们会回老家过年,所以通常火车和公共汽车 上都挤满了人。描述经常或
6、反复发生的动作,用一般现在时。“火车和公共汽车“与“挤满 “ 之间是被动关系,用被动语态,所以填are packed。 (4)考查定语从句。句意:在英国,人们通常在某人家里举行新年晚会,邀请朋友、家 人和邻居。 _ is usually held at someones home and the host invites friends, families and neighbors.是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是a New Years Eve party,关系词在从句中 作主语,指物,故填which。 ( 5)考查介词。句意:客厅变成了一个迷你迪斯科舞厅,每个人都随着响亮的音乐跳 舞。 d
7、ance to 固定短语, “ 随着 起舞 ” ,故填 to。 (6)考查名词。句意:我对除夕有很多美好的回忆。“美好的回忆 “是复数意义,用名词复 数,故填memories 。 (7)考查副词。句意:天下着雪,冷得刺骨。修饰形容词cold,用副词,故填bitterly 。 ( 8)考查非谓语动词。句意:在那里,参拜神社并祈求好运是一种传统。不定式作主 语,一般用it 作形式主语,把作主语的不定式短语后置,故填to visit 。 (9)考查冠词。句意:我想无论你在哪里,除夕总是一个令人兴奋的日子。泛指“一个令 人兴奋的日子 “,exciting 的首字母发音是元音,所以填不定冠词an。 (1
8、0)考查时态。句意:也许迎接新年的最后一种方式是在世界各地的城市观看令人惊叹 的烟花表演。描述经常或反复发生的动作,用一般现在时,所以填is。 【点评】本题考点涉及非谓语动词,形容词,时态语态,定语从句,介词,副词以及故此 等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上,进一步根 据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单词形式。 2阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 It seems to be something in our blood _ makes human beings want to co
9、nquer (征服 )“ things by climbing them, no matter whether its Qomolangma - the _ (high) peak on Earth -_ Uluru, a big rock that sits 348 meters above the ground in the central Australian desert. Many _ (visit) to Uluru climb the rock even though theres no road to it, except for a chain-and-pole path t
10、hats been hammered into the rock by early explorers. Theres even a sign at the bottom of the rock _ (write) in seven languages, reading: “Please dont climb.“ For starters, the rock has spiritual significance for the local Aboriginal people, and _(set) foot on it is considered disrespectful. Other co
11、ncerns include some people leaving litter on top of the rock, and some even urinate (撒尿 )on it since theres no toilet up there. When it rains, the human waste is washed down onto the rock, which can be _ (harm) to the environment. Also, according to ABC News, 35 people _ (die) so far trying to climb
12、 it. This is _ the Australian government announced earlier this month that climbing Uluru _ (ban), starting from Oct 26, 2019. 【答案】that;highest;or;visitors;written ;setting /to set;harmful ;have died; why; will be banned 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,人们很喜欢到澳大利亚中部沙漠去攀登Uluru,这一 做法带来了一系列问题,当地政府决定禁止人们攀登这块巨石。 (1)考查定
13、语从句。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服 事物。本题定语从句的先行词是不定代词something,使用关系代词that 来指代先行词, 引导定语从句并在句中作主语。所以填that。 (2)考查形容词。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事 物。无论它是世界最高峰-珠穆朗玛峰,还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上348 米的巨 大岩石 Uluru 。根据常识可知珠穆朗玛峰是世界最高峰,应该使用形容词最高级作定语。所 以填 highest。 ( 3)考查连词。句意:似乎在我们的血液里有某些东西,让人们想通过攀登来征服事 物。无论它是珠穆朗玛峰世界最高峰
14、,还是位于澳大利亚中部沙漠中地面以上348 米的 巨大岩石Uluru。句中使用whetheror 固定短语, “无论 还是 “,连接上下文。所以 填 or。 (4)考查名词。句意:尽管没有路,但很多游客还是会前往Uluru 去攀登这块巨石。所填 词在句中充当主语,而且表示人,所以要用visit 表示人的名词形式visitor 在句中做主语, 而形容词many 说明应该使用可数名词复数形式,故填visitors。 (5)考查非谓语动词。句意:在巨石的底部用七种语言写着一块牌子:请勿攀登。名词 短语 a sign 与动词write构成被动关系,要用过去分词短语作定语,其作用相当于定语从 句。所以填
15、written 。 (6)考查非谓语动词。句意:踏上这块岩石被认为是无礼的。本句中可以使用动名词短 语做主语表示经常性习惯性的动作,也可以使用不定式短语做主语表示一次性的动作。所 以填 setting/to set 。 (7)考查形容词。句意:下雨的时候,垃圾废物被冲下岩石,这对环境是有害的。句中 应该使用harm 的形容词形式与系动词构成系表结构,所以填harmful 。 (8)考查时态。句意:根据ABC,到目前为止在攀登巨石时候,已经有35 人死亡。句中 时间状语so far 意为 “到目前为止 “,通常与现在完成时连用,本句主语是复数名词,所以 填 have died。 (9)考查表语从
16、句。句意:这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019 年 10 月 26 日开始禁止攀登Uluru。句中表语从句缺少连词,且该表语从句表示最后的结 果, why 引导表语从句表示最后的结果。所以填why。 (10)考查时态语态。句意:这就是为什么这个月的早些时候澳大利亚政府宣布将从2019 年 10 月 26 日开始禁止攀登Uluru。本句主语climbing Uluru 与动词 ban 构成被动关系,且 表示将来的事情,要用一般将来时的被动语态。所以填will be banned 。 【点评】本题考点涉及定语从句,形容词,连词,名词,非谓语动词,时态,表语从句, 时态语态等多个
17、知识点的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上, 进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单 词形式。 3阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Chinese dragons(龙 )are fictional creatures, a root of Chinese people who considered themselves as the descendants( 后 代 )of dragons. Since their creation, Chinese dragons_(win)the deep love f
18、rom Chinese people, because of_(they)strong power and symbolic meanings. They played _ important role in the history of Chinese nation, politics, religion, culture and Chinese language and became a symbol of China and Chinese people. Dragon is a belief of Chinese nation and a _(gold)Chinese element.
19、 When a person hears the name of dragon, China_(come)to his or her mind. As the strongest animal_(select)by Chinese people, dragon has the strongest power _helps it go to the Heaven and the Hell, and make clouds and rains. In ancient times, as a belief, dragon gave strong supports to the ruling of a
20、 big nation, and to peoples fragile spirits and hard life because people suffered from extreme natural disasters and lack_the supports from science. The_(important)of dragon to Chinese people is like water to creatures, and it_(reflect)in peoples spirit, beliefs, and ideology. 【答案】have won ; their ;
21、an; golden;will come;selected;that ;of; importance ;is reflected 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文,介绍了中国龙是虚构的生物,是中国人视自己为龙 的后代的根源,中国龙从诞生之日起就赢得了中国人的深情爱戴,因为他们强大的力量和 象征意义,在中华民族、政治、宗教、文化和汉语史上占有重要地位,成为中国和中国人 民的象征。 (1)考查时态。根据时间状语since their creation ,可知谓语动词用现在完成时态,故填 have won。 (2)考查代词。放在名词前面,所以用形容词性物主代词,故填their 。 (3)考查冠词。
22、play an important part in 固定短语, “ 在起重要作用 ” ,故填 an。 (4)考查形容词。作定语修饰名词,所以用形容词,故填golden。 (5)考查时态。when 引导的时间状语从句用一般现在时态,主句用一般将来时态,故填 will come 。 (6)考查非谓语动词。select 和它所修饰的名词之间是被动关系,所以用过去分词作后置 定语,故填selected。 (7) 考查定语从句。 helps it go to the Heaven and the Hell是限制性定语从句,先行词 为 the strongest power ,有形容词最高级修饰,在定语从
23、句中作主语,故填that。 (8)考查介词。lack of 固定短语, “ 缺乏 ” ,故填 of。 (9)考查名词。此空作主语,前面有the,所以用名词,故填importance 。 (10)考查时态语态。句子主语和reflect 之间是被动关系,所以用被动语态,主语为it, 故填 is reflected。 【点评】本题考点涉及时态,代词,冠词,形容词,非谓语动词,定语从句,介词,名词 以及语态等多个知识点的考查,是一篇文化类阅读,要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上, 进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系,并结合相关语法知识,进行分析推理,从而写出正确的单 词形式。 4阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1 个适
24、当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On our way to the house, it was raining _ hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take _(get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City. We were first greeted with the barking by a pack _ dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters _ had great expe
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