2020年高考模拟复习知识点试卷试题之高考英语It的用法(专项总结及训练).pdf
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1、It 的用法(专项总结及训练) 一、人称代词 1,it 的最基本用法是作代词,主要指刚提到的事物,以避免重复: They watched the train until it disappeared in the distance. 2.,也可以指动物或婴儿(未知性别的婴儿或孩子): Is this your dog ?No, it isn t. They got a baby and it was a ten-pounder 3.,也可指抽象事物或指抽象环境和情景: I hate it when people talk with a full mouth. 二、.非人称代词 1.it 有时并
2、不指具体的东西而泛指天气、时间、日期、距离、价值、度量、温度、环境等: .指天气: It is a lovely day, isn t it? .指时间 : It was nearly midnight when she came back. . 指日期 :It is April First today. . 指距离 :It is some 3000 kilometers from Beijing to Guangzhou. . 指价值 :It is three dollars. . 指温度 :Today it is 30 degrees centigrade. 三、其他用法 1.在句子的主语
3、不太明确时充当主语,表示谁在做某事: Who is it there? Its I (me/you/he.). I thought it was Mary, but it was not she. Her face lighted when she saw who it was. 2. it 用在一些词组中,it 没有特别的意思 The last trains gone. Come on, well foot it.( 来,咱们步行吧。) 3. 泛泛的指某件事:(有时泛指一般情况) It doesn t matter. It is a shame, isn t it? How is it go
4、ing?( 情况怎样 ) It says in the newspaper that 四、作形式主语,替代主语从句,动词不定式,或动名词短语: 1.作形式主语替代主语从句 It is clear ( obvious, true , possible, certain) that 从句常译为清楚的(显 然的,真的,可能的,肯定的 ) It is very clear that he s round and tall like a tree. = That he s round and tall like a tree is very clear. It is said (reported/ le
5、arned/believed/thought/known/told/hoped.) that 从句常译 为据说(据报道,据悉 )。 It is said that he has come to Beijing. It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. It is important ( necessary, right , strange , natural.) that 从句常译为是重要 的 (必要的 ,对的 ,奇怪的 ,自然的 ).that 后的从句中要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形)
6、 , should 可以省去, 建议记住该句型中的形容词。 It is important that we (should) learn English well. It is necessary that he (should) remember these words. It is suggested ( advised/ ordered / demanded/ insisted/ commanded. ) that 从句 .that 后的从句要用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形), should 可以省;常译为据建议;有命 令 ) It is suggested that the m
7、eeting ( should ) be put off. It was ordered that we ( should ) arrive there in two hours. It is time ( about time ,high time ) that从句 (虚拟语气 :动词用过去时did) It is time that children went to bed. It is time you bought a new car. It is (high ) time you made up your mind. It is the first ( second . ) time
8、that从句 (从句用现在完成时have done ) It was the first ( second . ) time that从句 (从句用过去完成时had done ) 常译为是第一(二) 次 。 It is the first time I have been here. = This is the first time I have been here It is a pity ( a shame /an honour/a good thing/a fact,/a surprise/. ) that从句 . that 后的从句一般用虚拟语气(should + 动词原形) ,sho
9、uld 可省去表示出乎意料, 常译为竟然。没有这种意义时,则不用虚拟语气。 It is a pity that such a thing ( should ) happen in your class. 这种事竟然发生在你们班 上,真是遗憾! It is a pity that he is ill. 他生病了,真遗憾! It happens (seems , looks, appears ) that 从句 .常译为“碰巧 ,似乎是 ,看起来” It happened ( so happened ) that he met his teacher in the street. 碰巧. It s
10、eems that he will be back in a few days. 看来 2.作形式主语替代不定式 . It is kind ( of sb. ) to do sth. 不定式的逻辑主语是由of 引起,主句中的形容词必须是 能表示逻辑主语特征的褒义或贬义形容词。常见的词有: bad ,brave ,careless,clever , cruel , foolish ,good (好心的),honest ,horrible , kind , lazy , modest , naughty , nice (有教养的) , polite, rude , silly , stupid ,
11、 wise , wrong(错误的)等。 这个句型可以改写为:sb. is kind to do sth. 。 如 :It is kind of you to say so. = You are kind to say so. It is necessary ( for sb. ) to do sth. .不定式的逻辑主语是由for 引起,主句中的形容词通 常是表示重要性,紧迫性,频繁程度,难易,安全等情况的中性形容词。常见的形容词有: important, necessary , natural easy , safe , common , normal , hard , difficult
12、 , dangerous , unusual, rare , impossible , pleasant 如:It is important for her to come to the party. = It is important that she (should ) come to the party. It takes sb. . to do sth. 常译为做 要花费某人 。 如 :It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall. 3.作形式主语替代动名词短语 It is no good / no use
13、 / useless doing sth. 常译为“ 有好处或没有用” It is no good learning English without speaking English. Its useless trying to argue with Shylock. 五、作形式宾语,代替不定式,动名词短语或宾语从句。 We think it important to learn a foreign language. 该句型中的it 作形式宾语,该结构中常用的动词有:think, believe, make ,find consider, feel; 如: We think it our d
14、uty to clean our classroom every day. He felt it important learning English well. They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days. The Internet makes it easier for companies to keep in touch with customers. 六、 .it 的重要句型 1.强调句型 : It is/was + 被强调部分+ that 从句(被强调的主语如果是人,that 可以由 wh
15、o 换用 ) It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. It was they that (who ) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father. It was yesterday that I met her in the street. It is you that /who are wrong. 特例 :It is not until + 被强调部分
16、+ that . 该句型也是强调句型。主要用于强凋时间状语, 译成汉语直到 才 ,可以说是not . until . 的强调形式。 It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star. = Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a famous film star. = I didn t realize she was a famous film star until she too
17、k off her dark glasses. Choose the best answer 1.It took us over an hour _ along the street. A.walk B.to walk C.walking D.walked 2.I think it a great honour _to visit your country. A.to invite B.inviting C.having invited D.to be invited 3.Many people now make _a rule to buy cards for their friends b
18、efore Christmas. A.themselves B.it C.that D.this 4._is very clear to everyone that hes round and tall like a tree. A.This B.What C.That D.It 5.In the United States, bus travel doesnt cost much as train travel, _? A.dont they B.does it C.do they D.doesnt it 6.Someone is at the door, who is _? A.this
19、B.that C.it D.he 7.It is raining cats and dogs. _ . A.So it is B.So is it C.Neither it isD.Neither is it 8.My home is in that tall building over there. _ ? A.Can it see B.Can see it C.Can be seen it D.Can it be seen 9. _ raining hard for 3 hours without stopping. A.It is B.It was C.It has been D.It
20、had been 10.Has the boy got his bicycle now? Yes, the police gave _. A.him to him B.it to it C.it to himD.him to it 11.Its no use _over spilt milk. A.cry B.cryingC.that you cry D.for you to cry 12.It is important _ their offer. A.reject B.rejects C.to reject D.rejecting 13.Has _been decided when we
21、are to hold the sports-meeting? A.that B.this C.it D.what 14.Did Li Lei call me while I was out? Yes, it was _ that called you. A.him B.he C.who D.whom 15.Nothing is wrong with the radio _? A.isnt it B.is that C.is it D.isnt that 16.I dont know _makes her afraid of having her business discussed. A.w
22、hat it is about Mary that B.that is it abut Mary what C.what is it about Mary that D.that is about Mary what 17. .It was with great joy _he received the news that his long lost son would return home A.as B.that C.so D.for 18.I dont think _difficult for a Chinese student to master a foreign language
23、within five years A.that B.it C.too D.very 19.Its the second time you _late this week. A.arrive B.arrived C.have arrived D.had arrived 20.It will not be_we meet again. A.long before B.before long C.soon afterD.shortly after 21.Its demanded that we _there on foot. A.not to goB.dont goC.not goD.wont g
24、o 22.“ It” is often used to _a baby. A.mean to B.stick toC.point to D.refer to 23.It was not until 1936 _basketball became a regular part of the Olympic Games. A.that B.when C.which D.then 24._you met the Englishman? A.Where it was that B.Who it was that C.Where was it that D.Where was that 25._that
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