介词专项练习详细答案.pdf
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1、第 1 页 误用介词的三种情况: 1、多用介词: 多用介词可能是受汉语意思的影响将及物动词误用作不及物动词,也可能是受相关结构的影 响而用错: 误: We discussed about the plan. 正: We discussed the plan. 我们讨论了计划。 误: Did he mention about the accident? 正: Did he mention the accident? 他提到那次事故了吗? 误: I saw her enter into the bank. 正: I saw her enter the bank. 我看见她进了银行。 误: He m
2、arried withto a nurse. 正: He married a nurse. 他同一位护士结了婚。 误: How can contact with you? 正: How can contact you? 我怎么与你联系? 误: We should serve for the people heart and soul. 正: We should serve the people heart and soul. 我们应该全心全意地为人民服务。 误: Who controls over the factory? (但名词 control可接 over) 正: Who control
3、s the factory? 谁管理这个工厂? 误: He has a great many of friends here. (比较 a great number of) 正: He has a great many friends here. 他在这儿有很多朋友。 2、漏用介词: 第 2 页 漏用介词可能是受汉语意思的影响将不及物动词误用作及物动词,或是受相关结构的影响的 影响而用错等: 误: This matter is difficult to deal. (deal with=处理 ) 正: This matter is difficult to deal with. 这事很难处理。
4、 误: He is not a man to be depended. 正: He is not a man to be depended on. 他不是个可靠的人。 误: He took a cup of tea, and went on the story. 正: He took a cup of tea, and wentonwiththestory.他喝了一口茶,又接着讲故事。 误: My mother still regards me a child. (比较 consideras 中的 as 可省略 ) 正: My mother still regards me as a chil
5、d. 我母亲还把我当小孩看。 误: They insisted sending a car over to fetch us. 正: They insisted on sending a car over to fetch us.他们坚持要派车来接我们。 误: What he says is worth listening. 正: What he said is worth listening to.他的话值得一听。 3、错用介词: 错用介词的情况比较复杂,可能是因受汉语意思的而错,也可能是因弄不清搭配关系而错, 可能是混淆用法而错,也可能是受相关结构的影响而错,可能是忽略语境而错,也可能是想
6、 当然的用错: 误: She called on his office yesterday. (call on+人, call at+地点 ) 正: She called at his office yesterday. 她昨天去了他办公室拜访。 误: He is engaged with a nurse. 第 3 页 正: He is engaged to a nurse.他与一位护士订了婚。 误: The sun rises from the east. 正: The sun rises in the east.太阳从东方升起。 误: Under his help, I finished
7、it in time. 正: With his help, I finished it in time. 在他的帮助下,我及时做完了。 误: During he was in Japan, he visited many places. 正: During his stay in Japan, he visited many places.他在日本期间 ,参观过许多地方。 误: We are familiar to his character. 正: We are familiar with his character.我们了解他的性格。 误: Help yourself with the f
8、ruit. 正: Help yourself to the fruit.吃点水果吧。 介词的宾语: 1、名词或代词作介词宾语: 如: Are you interested in history? 你对历史感兴趣吗? Dont worry about it. 别为它担心。 注: 若是人称代词用作介词宾语,要注意用宾格。 如: No one can sing like her. 没有人能像她那样唱歌。(不能用 like she) 2、动名词作介词宾语: 如: He is good at telling stories. 他善于讲故事。 In crossing the street he was r
9、un over. 他在穿过马路时被汽车撞倒。 3、过去分词作介词宾语: 第 4 页 如: We cant regard the matter as settled. 我们不能认为这事已经解决。 I take it for granted you have read the book. 我以为你读过这本书。 注:过去分词用作介词宾语通常只见于某些固定结构中,如上面第1 句涉及 regard as(认 为是 )结构,第2 句涉及 take sth for granted(认为某事属实)。在其他情况下,介词后通 常不直接跟过去分词作宾语,若语义上需要接过去分词(表被动 ),可换用“ being+过去
10、分 词”: 如: He went out without being seen by the others.他出去了,没有被其他人看见。 4、从句作介词宾语: 如: He was not satisfied with what she said. 他对她说的不满意。 Im worried about where he is. 我担心他上哪儿去了。 注:介词后通常不接that 从句,遇此情况需考虑用其他结构: 误: He paid no attention to that she was poor. 正:He paid no attention to the fact that she was
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