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1、* * 中考复习提纲 一、名词 1.定义:表示某一事物名称的词 2. 名词的分类 类别意义例词 专有名词 表示具体的人名、事物、国家、地名、 机构、团体等的专有名称 Jim , China, Qingdao, the UK, the Great Wall 名 可 数 个体名词表示单个人的人或事物 girl, student, factory, desk, cat , country 词 普 通 名 词 名 词 不 可 数 名 词 集合名词表示一群人或一些事物的总称 物质名词表示无法分为个体的物质 抽象名词表示抽象概念的词 people, police, team, clothes, water
2、, ice, pork, cheese, cotton, broccoli fun, health, happiness , love, care 注: 1.专有名词是指人、地方、团体、机构等特有的名称。第一个字母必须大写。专有名词 前一般不加冠词。 2、有普通名词构成的专有名词前要用定冠词“the“ ,但它不大写。eg:The Great Wall 3.可数名词如何变“复数形式” : a一般情况下,直接加-s,如: book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds b以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾,加 -es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes,
3、 brush-brushes, c以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变 y 为 i, 再加-es,如: family-families, d以 “f 或 fe ”结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v, 再加-es,如: knife-knives ,thief-thieves ; e以 “o结”尾的词,一般直接加s,mango 除外: mango-mangoes ; f不规则名词复数: 完全不规则:man-men, woman-women, child-children, foot-feet mouse-mice, , tooth-teeth, 单复数同型:Chinese-Chinese , sheep-she
4、ep ,Japanese,deer. 国人:中日不变英法变,其他s 跟后面 Chinese _ Japanese_ Englishman_ Frenchman_ American_ Germans 4.可数名词修饰词: _ 5.不可数名词没有复数。如果要计算不可数名词所表达的数量,就得在数词和不可数名词之 间加上 “量词+of ”。例如: a glass of water, a piece of paper, a bottle of juice 不可数名词修饰词: _ 1 * * 判断步骤: 如是am、is 或 was 原形读句 子读该单词 认 识该 单 词理解意思看 be 动词 如是are
5、或 were 加 s 或 es 强调:不可数名词都默认为单数,所以总 是用is 或者 was ;最好不要根据some 、 any、 a lot of 等词去作判断,以免受误导。 6.名词所有格 名词的所有格是表示名词之间的所有关系,有两种表示形式, 一种是在名词后+s;另一种 是用 of, 表示“ ?的 “。 1. (1) 一般词的所有格, 直接在词尾+s。eg. Mr. Motts robot, childrens clothes (2) 以 s 结尾的名词所有格只在词尾+ eg. teachers books (3) 两人共有的物体, 则在第二个名词后+s; 如果分别是两人所有, 则在每个
6、名词后面 +s。 eg. Lucy and Lilys mother. ( 指两人共同的妈妈,一个妈) Lucys and Lilys mothers. (指两个人各自的妈妈,两个妈) (4) 表示某具体场所时, 所有格后面的名词可省略 eg. the doctors (office) Mr. Whites 2.(1) 没有生命的事物一般用of 短语来表示所属关系。 eg. the wall of the classroom , a picture of the bedroom , (2) 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市等无生命的东西的名词,也可以加s 来构成所有格。 eg. ten minu
7、tes walk, todays newspaper 练一练: 1、写出下列各词的复数。 watch _ man_ woman_ leaf_ people_ child _ photo _ diary _ day_ foot_ dress _ tooth_ sheep _ box_ strawberry _ thief _ engineer_ peach_ sandwich _ map_ 2、用所给名词的正确形式填空。 (1) Are there two ( box ) on the table? (2) I can see some ( people ) in the cinema. (3)
8、 How many ( day ) are there in a week? (4) Here re five ( bottle ) of ( juice ) for you. (5) This ( violin ) is hers. Those ( grape ) are over there. 小练 一可数名词的复数规则变化 1. map_ girl_ pen_ bag_car_ 2. bus_ brush_ watch_ box_ 3. baby_ city_ country_ 2 * * 7. hero_ potato_zoo_tomato_ photo_ 8.knife_ leaf_
9、wolf_wife_ life_ 二可数名词复数不规则变 9. child_foot_ tooth_ mouse_ man_ 三国人单复数变化German_ Englishman_ Chinese_ 四单复数同形deer_ sheep_ yuan_ 中等题 3.There are two_ over there. (watch) 4.I like taking _. (photo) 5.l can see a _and two _ standing there. (man, woman) 6.There are two baskets of_ on the floor. (apple) 7.L
10、ook at those_. (child) 8.He doesnt like these_. (glass) 9.How many _can you see? (radio) 10.There are more and more _ drivers in Shanghai now. (woman) 11.Give me some _, please. (water) 含性别的复合名词 4.There are twenty _ in our hospital. A. woman doctors B. women doctor C. women doctors D. woman doctor 5
11、._ are usually careful in doing exercises. A. Girl students B. Girls students C. Girls students D.Girl s students 3 * * 可数名词复数不规则变化 10.-What are these? -They are _. A. deers B. radios C. Radioes D.tomatos 11.How many _ are there in these _? A. tomatos, photos B. tomatoes, photos C. tomatoes, photoes
12、 D.potatos,photoes 12.Mr. Chen has two _. A. tooths B. teeth C. teeths D.toothes 13.Here are _ for you, Sue. A. potatos B. some potatoes C. three tomatos D. some tomato 14.Then the _ began to eat the green _ of young trees. A. deer, leafs B. deer, leaves C. deer, leaf D. deers, leafs 国人复数变化专项 12.I m
13、et some _ in the park and talked with them the other day. A. Japanese B. American C. Chineses D. English 4 * * 15.- Excuse me, are you _? - Yes, I mfrom _. A. Japan, Japanese B. China, Chinese C. England, English D.American, America 16.A group of _are talking with two_ over there. A. Frenchmen, Germ
14、ans B. Frenchmen, Germen C. Frenchmen, German D. Frenchmanes, Germans 17.Yesterday a few _ came to visit some_ in Shantou. A. German, places of interest B. Germans, places of interests C. Germans, places of interest D. Germen, places of interest 。 18.Two _ and five _ are studying Chinese at Beijing
15、University. A. German, English B. Germans, English C. Germans, Englishmen D. Germen, Englishmen 5 * * 复合名词 19.The delicious dishes are cooked by _. A. women cookers B. women cooks C .woman cooks D. woman cookers 20.Julie went to the _ to buy a pair of shoes. A. shoes store B. shoe s store C. shoe st
16、ore D. shoes store 简单题 13.After moving to their new house, the Lees bought some _ in the mall nearby. (08 上海 ) A. furniture B. chair C. table D. shelf 14.We haven gtot much _ for our picnic. Will you go and get some? (07上海) A. apple B. tomato C. bread D. biscuit 15.He knows _ Chinese and has _ Chine
17、se friends. A. much, many B. many, much C. much, much D. many, many 16. I m thirsty. I think I ll buy some _. A. water B. bread C. eggs 6 * * D. apples 21.-Would you like some _? -Oh, yes, just (只)a little. A. pears B. oranges C. milk D. grapes 22.Look ! There are some _on the floor. A child B boxes
18、 C water D girl 23.There are many _ in the fridge. A. fish B. fruit C. eggs D. bread 24.Dont hurry! We still have _ time left. A. little B. few C. a little D. a few 中等题 17.Take some _ to school. It s so hot and you may feel thirsty. A. meat B. bread C. juice D. orange 18.We see many _ and _ on the h
19、ill. A. horses; sheeps B. horse; sheep C. horses; sheep D. horse, sheeps 6.-Could I have something to eat? - Sure. Here s some . 7 * * A. chicken B. tomatoes C. orange D. Potato 25.There are _students playing in the playground. A. a great deal of B. a large amount of C. a large quantity of D. a numb
20、er of 3. There is _milk and _apples in the fridge. Let s get some. A. little, a few B. little, few C. a little. few D. few. a little 不可数名词 简单题 19.I ve read _ sports news about the F1 race today. A. two B. pieces C. two pieces D. two pieces of 20.My teacher gave me _. A. a good advice B. some good ad
21、vices C. some good advice D. good advices 21.Usually, young people have black _ and old people have white _. A. hairs, ones B. hair, one C. hair, ones D. hairs, one 22.Peter was busy with his work yesterday. He didn t get _. A. much sleep B. many sleeps C. more sleep D. most sleep 23.I think it is a
22、 wonderful _. 8 * * A. work B. information C. idea D. news 26.Have you found some _ on the leaves? A. drops of water B. drops of waters C. drops water D. drop of waters 27.I want to buy _. A. two bottles of ink B. two bottle of ink C. two bottle of inks D. two bottles of inks 中等题 24.How many _ did y
23、ou have for breakfast? A. loaves of bread B. loaves of breads C. loafs of bread D. loaf of bread 25.We are very happy with our _ in our studies. A. great progresses B. great progress C. many progressD. lot of progress 26. Please pass me _. I will correct them. A. the test paper B. some pieces of tes
24、t paper C. the test papers D. some piece of test paper 27.I d like to have a glass of milk and _. A. two breads B. two pieces of breads C. two pieces of bread D. two piece of bread 9 * * 28.He bought _. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoes C. two pairs of shoe D. two pair of shoe 抽象名词具体化 28. T
25、hey had _ climbing up to the top of the hill. A. good time B. the good time C. a good time D. good times 29.She has given us _. A. a great help B. many helps C. a large number of help D. a lot of help 30. I have to write _, but I have _ to write _. A. a paper, no paper, on B. paper, no paper, with C
26、. a paper, not any papers, on D. a paper, not a paper, on 简单题 31.This is _ room. A. Tom and Mary s B. Tom s and MarCy . Tosms and Mary D. Tom and Mary 32. _ mothers couldn gto to the meeting, becausethey have gone to Chengdu. A. Li Lei and Lucy s B. Li Lei s aCn d . LLiuL cey i andsLucy D. 10 * * Li
27、 Lei and Lucy 29._ came to visit us this morning. A. My father friend B. friend of my father C. A friend of my father sD. One of my father s friend 30.It s only ten _ break. A. minutes B. minute s C. minutes D. minutes s 33.Tom won the boys _race in our school sports meeting. A. 15000-metre B.15000-
28、metres C.15000-metre s D.1500 meters 34.Look at the shoes with adjustable heels. They are my _. A. sister B. sister s C. sisters s D. sisters 35.You must finish the work in_. A. three weeks time B. three weeks timCe. three week s timDe. three-weeks time 36.- Whose room is this? - It s _. A. Li Ming
29、B. Li Ming s C. Li Mings D. Li Min gs 中等题 7.Look at the shoes. They are my _. 11 * * A. sister B. sisters C. sisters s D. sisters 31.This is _ room. Come in, please. A. John and Joan of B. John and Joan Cs. John s and JoanD. s John s and Joan 37.We sell _ in our shop. A. woman and child s clothes B.
30、 women and children T shirts C. women s and children s jackets D. woman s and child s coats 38.We had a good time during our _ holiday. A. two weeks B. two-weeks C. two-week s D. two weeks 39._ room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and Lily s C. Lucy s and Lily D. Lucy s and Lily s 8.I
31、like that son of _. A. John s sister B. John sister sC. John s sister s D. John sis sters 9.On _, all the children can play games all day. A. Children s Day B. Childrens DaCy.The Children s Day D.children day 10.This is not my cap, but my _. A. brothers B. brother s C. brothers D. brother 12 * * 32.Toms car is more beautiful than_. A. his brothers and sister B. his brother and sister C. his brothers and sisters D. his brothers and sisters 33.I ll go and call at _ right after school. A. the doctor B. the Smiths C. Smith D.my uncle s 13
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