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1、10年春秋期开放教育(专科) 英语报刊选读期末复习指导 2010年11月修订 第一部份课程考核说明 1.考核目的 H的在于使学生掌握一定数量的新闻词语和具冇必要的读报背景知识。 2.考核方式 期末开卷考试,考试时间为90分钟。 3.适用范围、教材 本课程期末复习指导适用范围为开放教育本科英语专业的选修课程。 考试命题的教材是山周学艺主编,北京大学出版社2007年1月第3版美英报刊文章阅读教材。 4.命题依据 本课程的命题依据是英语报刊选读课程的教学人纲、教材、实施意见。 5.考试要求 本课程的考试主要考察学生对重耍的报刊词汇和知识的重点掌握以及读、写、译等基本技能的掌握利运用。 6.考题类型及
2、比重 考题类型及分数比重人致为:词组英译汉(30% )、英译汉(20% )、阅读理解(30% )、列举(20% )o 第二部份期末复习指导 Lessons 1 一、 重点掌握 美国报纸概况。 二、 掌握 掌握名诃定语及理解上的陷阱。 Lessons 2 一、重点掌握 美国期刊概况。 二、掌握 工具书的使用方法。 Lessons 3 一、 重点掌握 英国报刊概况。 二、 掌握 工具书的使用方法。 Lessons 4 一、 重点掌握 美英通讯社简介 ,AP, UPI, Reuters and PA, 二、 掌握 词汇resources 和establ i shment。 Lessons 5 一、
3、重点掌握 概念news 二、 掌握 查字典的止确方法。 Lessons 6 一、 重点掌握 概念journal ese 0 二、 掌握 词汇virtual 和human genome,。 Lessons 7 一、重点掌握 美国名牌大学的信息。 二、掌握 新闻标题的特点, Lessons 8 一、 重点掌握 消息导语的种类和特点。 二、 掌握 词汇cadet 和Rumsfeld s war? Lessons 10 一、 重点掌握 美国电影分级制。 二、 掌握 新闻的体裁。 Lessons 11 一、 重点掌握 美国司法机构。 二、 掌握 新闻语言表达法。 Lessons 14 一、重点掌握 美国
4、总统选举相关知识。 Lessons 16 英美国会的和关知识。 Lessons 20 新闻中的委婉语。 Lessons 22 各国议会名称。 Lessons 24 欧盟相关信息。 第三部份综合练习题 一* Translate the following into Chinese 1.UNESCO 2.the Communist regime 3.The Times 4.Business Today 5.Update News 6.M ? A. degree 7.Assistantship 8? sophomores 9.a cap and gown 10.The Judiciary Commi
5、ttee 11. ex-congressman 12. U. S ? State Department 13. the Virgin Mary 14. secretary of state for foreign and commonweal th affairs 15? the European Commission 16. Initial Public Offers 17. joint venture 18. freshmen 19. federalist 2 0? Whitewatergate Sma 11 er ostab 1 i shinents Financial Tinies A
6、ssociated Press National Bureau of Economic Research dissertation open-book exam positive campaigning bagman Wall street Parliamcntary democracy The Wai 1 Street Journal bankruptcy lawyer entertain merits Bargai n hunting open-book exam homecoming the Clinton administration senior quarter system Uni
7、ted States Claims Court The Daily Telegraphy the Republicans left wing the People s Temple (in U. S.) the Massachusetts Institute of Technology undergraduate program take-home exam Economic Recovery Tax Act ender gap feature 二、Translate the following into Chinese 1.chief operating officer 2.BBK Elec
8、tronics 3.the 2008 Beijing Olympics 4.Nanometer technology 5.the Scholastic Assesment Test 6.riot pol ice 7.Genesis 8.food chain 9.the Seven Sisters Colleges 10.the officer corps 11.General Electronic Company 12.a V-chip 13? manpower and resources 14.virtual surgery 15.the Col 1ege Entrance Examinat
9、ion Board 16.economy measure 17.Reader“ s Digest 18.West point instructor 19.The Clinton administration 20.popular elect!on 21.obesity specialist 22.The Washington Post 23.helicopter gunship 24.The human genome 25.embedded reporters 三、Read the following passage and answer the questions. Passage 1 bo
10、ys trek to the 1 ibrary. Some students the story or the weather. Afterward, the class splits into discussion groups. All in all, LIS 406 is a typical course一一except for one fact: The classroom is a virtual one, with students logging in from bedrooms and offices all over the globe. True, the majori t
11、y of graduate Best Graduate Schools More people are getting degrees without stepping onto a university campus By Carolyn Kleiner A rollicking children s tunc blares as students enter LIS 406 - a graduate-level library science course at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.?People chat animate
12、dly eunong themselves unti 1 the professor arrives and starts reading aloud from a picture book about a young 1 isten intently; others whisper back and forth about students still favor bricks一and mortar institutions and al 1 that typically comes with them, from ivy covered buiIdings to chance encoun
13、ters with peers and professors between classes ? Yet a growing number of people are pursuing advanced degrees without stepping onto a university campus. In just the past year, remote enrollment has more than tripled, to 4,441, at the University of Maryland University College, one of the most establi
14、shed di stance-ed provi ders. Now, ful1y 1 in 10 of the more than 2 million individuals taking graduate-level courses is enrolled in distance- education classes, according to the most recent report by the National Center for Education Statistics. As interest grows, more and more schools are investin
15、g in remote learning, from big publics 1 ike Pennsylvania State and elite universities like Stanford to for-profit institutions like the University of Phoenix? Anytime, anyplace. Why the huge upsurge of interest in remote 1 earning? The Internet revolution is part of the answer. The Web now provides
16、 a formerly missing ingredient in di stance education quick and easy communication between students and instructors, and among classmates. In addition, demand for distanee courses has burgconod thanks to the evolution of the information-based economy. “To stay employable, workers need to keep on lea
17、rning, “ says Kay Kohl, executive director of the University Continuing Education Association, an orgation of more than 400 schools. This trend has given rise to an older pool of gradudte students: Today, more than half are over age 30, and noarly one quarter are over 40. Distanee education often is
18、 a great fit for those working adults, many of whom find it difficult to skip a chi Ids bal let lesson or fight rush-hour traffic to get to a university campus for class. had always wanted a masters degree, but its hard to suspend a career and a family for it, especially when the closest school of p
19、ublic health is four hours away, “ says Jerry Parks, 45, assistant health director for Albemarle Regional Health Services in easiern North Carolina. As i t turns out, he didn t have to move or commute to get his degree: After three years of coursework via teleconferencing and the Internet, Parks is
20、finishing up a master , s from the School of Public Health at the University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill. As more people turn to di stance education, a debate has flared over whether i t can be a good substitute for face-to-face instruction. Thomas Russell, author of a 1999 report titled “The No S
21、ignificant Differenee Phonomcnon, which reviews more than 350 studies of distance-1earning programs, argues that the two modes of instruction are equivalent as far as student learning is concerned. Rebecca Behrend, for one, believes that distance ed is the superior choice ?Behrend, 45, obtained a do
22、ctoral degree in cl inical psychology last spring from Wai den University, a respected virtual institution. She says the discussions between studcnt and professor, and among peers, were more rigorous than those she experieneed in the two on-campus masters programs she previously attended. “We needed
23、 to cite references for everything we said in E-mail postings, z , explains Behrend. It wasn , t like the usual chatting in the classroom.“ But critics say that many of the studies cited in Russells book are poorly designed, and they vehemently disagree with his point of view I dorf t think you can
24、get any education over the Internet, “ says David Noble, a historian of technology at York University in Toronto ?Education requires a relationship between people because its a process of identity formation, validation, encouragement, emulation, and inspiration. This only happens face to face.“ Even
25、 advocates acknowledge that distance education isnt for everyone- that it takes independenee, self-discipline, and a lot of motivation to succeed? Further, the quality of distance-degree programs is uneven. “A majority of universities have entered the distance-1earning market rapidly and are not wel
26、l prepared,says Vicky Phillips, coauthor of The Best Distance Learning Graduate Schools (Princeton Review Publishing, 1999, $ 20). “Students run the risk of being guinea pigs. Thus, its important to consider an array of factors before choosing a school: accreditation, program history, cost, academic
27、 field, residency, and technology. (From U.S. News others, often youngchildren, strangled. By week“ s end, Ugandan police had counted 924 victims一一including at least 530 who burned to death inside the sealed church 一一exceeding the 1978 Jonestow n mass suicide and ki I lings by fol lowers of American
28、 cult leader Jim Jones that claimed 913 lives. Authori ties bel ieve two of the cult s 1 eaders, Joseph Kibwetere, a 68-year-old former Roman Cathol ic catechism teacher who started the cult in 1987, and his “prophetess, Credonia Mwerinde, by some accounts a former prostitute who claimed to speak fo
29、r the Virgin Mary, may still be alive and on the run. The pair had predicted the wor 1 d wou 1 d end on Dec. 31, 1999. Whon lhat didrf t happen, fol lowers who dema ndod the retur no f their possossi ons, which they had to surrender on joining the cult, may have been systematically killed? The Ugand
30、an carnage focuses attention on the proliferation of religious cults in East Africa , s impoverished rural areas and city slums. According to the Institute for the Study of American Religion, which researches cults and sects, there are now more than 5,000 indigenous churches in Africa, some with apo
31、calyptic or revolutionary leanings ?One such group is the Jerusalem Church of Christ in Nairobi“ s Kawangwara slums, led by Mary Snaida-Akatsa, or “Mommy“ as she is known to her thousands of followers. She prophesies about the end of the world and accuses some members of being witches. One day she b
32、rought a “special visitor“ to church, an Tndian Sikh man she claimed was Jesus, and told her followers to “ropent or pay the consequences ? Most experts say Africas hardships push people to seek hope in religious cults? “These groups thrive because of poverty,says Charles Onyango-Obbo, editor of the
33、 Monitor, an independent newspaper in Uganda, and a close observer of cults. “People have no support, and they , re susceptible to any one who is abl e to tap into their insecurity.Additionally, they say, AIDS, which has ravaged East Africa, may also breed a fatalism that helps apocalyptic notions t
34、ake root. Some Africans turn to cults after rejecting mainstream Christian churches as “Western“ or “non- African ?“ Agnes Masitsa, 30, who used to attend a Catholic church before she joined the Jerusalem Church of Christ, says of CatholicismiTt“ s dull.“ Catholic icons. Yet, the Ugandan doomsday cu
35、lt, like many of the sects, drew on features of Roman Catholicism, a strong force in the region. Catholic icons were prom in ent in its buildings, and some of its leaders were defrocked priests, such as Dominic Kataribabo, 32, who reportedly studied theology in the 1. os Angeles area in the mid 1980
36、s. He had told neighbors he was digging a pit in his house to instal1 a refrigerator; police have now recovered 81 bodies from under the floor and 74 from a field nearby. Police are unsure whether Kataribabo News & World Report, April 10, 2000) in the church fire. Still, there is the question: How c
37、ould so many killings have been carried out without drawing atte nt ion? Villagers were aware of Kib wetere , s sect, whose followers communicated mainly through sign language and apparently were apprehensive about violatin any of the cult , s commandments. There were suspicions. Ugandan President Y
38、oweri Museveni?told the BBC that intelligenee reports about the dangerous nature of the group had been suppressed by some governmcnt officials? On Thursday, police arrested an assistant district commissioner, the Rev. Amooti Mutazindwa, for allegedly holding back a report suggesting the cult posed a
39、 security threat. Now, there are cal 1s for African governments to monitor cults more closely. Says GiIbert Ogutu, a professor of religious studies at the University of Nairobi? “When cult leaders lose support, they become dangerous? “ Questions: 1.Why did so many Ugandans die in faith? 2.What did M
40、ary Snaida-Akatsa prophesy? Whay did she bring the Sikh man to church? 3.Why do people there seek hope in cults? 4.Why do some Africans reject Christian churches? 5.How could so many killings have been carried out without drawing attention? Passage 3 Free-talking and fast results Tn the third of for
41、nightly series on overcoming Cultural barriers, Sergey Frank examines the US s casual but ruthlessly focused style of negotiating How to negotiate The US is an attractive market. Its business culture, which has brought the world “shareholder valueand “IPOs“ , has been leading commercial thinking in
42、recent years and wil 1 continue to do so. But whoever wants to succeed in the US needs to remember the rules of the game. US bus in ess is described by the lyrics of the song New York, New York: “if you can make it here, you can mak e it anywhere! ” Yet a euphoric approach to business is by no means
43、 enough. Although business communication in the US is pleasant and easygoing, it is at the same time ruthlessly focused. Communicating is a natural talent of Americans. When negotiating partners meet, the emphasis is on small talk and smiling. There is liberal use of a sense of humor that is more di
44、rect than it is in the UK. If you give a talk in America, you should speak in a relaxed way and with plenty of jokes to capture your audience ,s attention. Informali ty is the rule? Bus incss parIncr renouncc their academic titles on their business cards. Sandwiches and drinks in plastic or boxes ar
45、e served during conferences. Your business partners tend to act casually in the office and chat about their family. This pleasant attitude persists in the negotiation itself. US negotiators usual 1y attach little importance to status, title, formalities and protoco1? They communicate in an informdl
46、and direct manner on a first-name language, removing their jackets and adopting the most comfortable seating position. But the focus soon intrudes- The attitude atime is money“ has more influenee on business communica tion in US than it does anywhere else. After the neutral warm-up, US negotia ting
47、par tn ers quickly come to the point. Even social get-togethers are often used to discuss business matters wi th the partner. Although American do business in a very pragmatic way, they want to win. Developing a personal relationship with the business partner is not as important as getting results.
48、And US negotiators tend to want those results fast. As financial results are reported every quarter, it is essential to secure profitability on a short-term basis. Hen ce, many US con tracts contain the provision “time is of the esse nee” wi th in their preamble. Hen ce, too, US impatie ncc in negot
49、iations, which should not be perceived as impoliteness, but as the corollary of “time is money ” . This attitude has a strong influence on negotiations, since strategic al 1iances and other long-term projects are evaluated in terms of their potential to achieve a quick return on investment? Because the Asian ncgotiating approach tends to be long-term in nature, it is also one of the main reasons why so many joint ventures and alliances between US and Asian companies have failed to meet expectation. US negotiatin partnets are usually aware of this diff
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