PEP新版小升初英语复习重点.doc.pdf
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1、小升初英语复习重点 系统语法学习。小升初英语考试中单项选择比例占到15%?30%,同时,在其他各种题型中也都涉及 到大量的语法知识。进行系统的语法的学习非常必要。 重点词汇积累。词汇量:一般重点中学的小升初英语考试,都要求学生具有2000到 3000的词汇 量, 而且要求学生能读、能听懂这些单词,甚至要求孩子会拼写。很多孩子认为小升初英语考试卷中的 英文奥数题比较难,主要障碍就是很多单词不会,这样扌II 分之后,跟其他孩子就有差距了。 实际运用能力:知识学到手会用才是关键。 具体知识点: 第一部分 ; 基础勿 I 识 1. 字母: 26个字母的大小写 ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTU
2、VWXYZ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz 2. 语音:元音的发音 五个元音字母: AEIOU 12 个单元音:长元音: /a:/, /:/, /:/,/i:/, /u:/ 短元音: /?/ /e/ /i/ / D / /A/ /u/ /o/ 3. 词汇:词汇量,近反义词 4. 句子:大小写,标点符号 第二部分:语法知识 一?名词:名词单复数,名词的格 (-) 名词单复数 1.一般情况 , 直接加? s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以 s. x. sh. ch 结尾,力女 l【:bus-buses, box-b
3、oxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅咅字母 +y“结尾,变y 为 i,再加? es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f 或 fe“结尾,变 f 或 fe 为 v,再加? es,如: knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, pe
4、ople-people, Chinese-Chinese, J apanese-J apanese 巩固练习 写出下列各词的复数 I him this her watch child photo diary day foot book dress tooth sheep box strawberry thief bus peach sandwich man woman knife juice water milk rice tea ( 二) 名词的格 (1) 冇生命的东西的名词所冇格: a)单数后 ?加 s 女口:Lucys ruler my father shirt b)以 s结尾的复数名词
5、后加如: his friends5 bags c)不以 s结尾的复数后加 s children shoes ?并列名词中,如果把加在最后一个名词后,表示共有,如: Tom and Mikel car 汤姆和迈克共冇的小汽车 ?要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加I TonTs and Mike 9s cars汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车 (2) 表示无生命东西的名词通常用“of +名词“ 来表示所有关系:如 : a picture of the classroom a map of China 二. 冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类: (1)不定冠词: a / an a unit / an unc
6、le 元音开头的可数名词前用an: an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event / an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson / (2)定冠词: the the
7、egg the plane 2.用法: 定冠词的用法: (1)特指某 (些)人或某 ( 些) 物:The ruler is on the desk. (2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new. (3)谈话双方都知道的人或物: The boys arent at school. (4)在序数词前: John birthday is February the second. (5)用于固定词组中 : in the morning/ afternoon / evening 不用冠词的情况: (1)专冇名词前: China is a big
8、country. (2)名词前有定语: this , that, my , your , some, any , no 等: This is my baseball. (3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys cant swim. They are teachers. (4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. Its Sunday. (5)一日三餐前 : We have breakfast at 6:30. (6)球类 棋类运动前: They often play football after class. He plays chess at hom
9、e. *但乐器前要用定冠词 : I play the guitar very well. (7)学科名称前 : My fovorite subject is music. (8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li. (9)固定词组中: at noon at night by bus 三、 代词:人称代词,物主代词 主格宾格 第单数I (我)me my ( 我的) 人称复数we (我们)us our (我们的) 第二单数you ( 你) you your (你的) 人称复数you (你们) you your (你们的) he (他)him his (他的) 第三 人称 单数she
10、( 她)her her ( 她的) it (它) ? It its (它的) 复数they (他们 / 她们/ 它们)them their (他们的 / 她们的 / 它们 的) ?用所给词的适当形式填空 1 ? That is not _ kite? That kite is very small, but _ is very big. (I) 2? The dress is _ . Give it to_ ? ( she ) 3.Is this _ watch? (you) No, its not _ . (I) 4. _ is my brother. _ name is Jack ? Lo
11、ok! Those stamps arc _ . ( he ) 5? _ dresses are red ? (we) What colour are _ ? ( you ) 6.Here are many pens, which one is _ ? ( she ) 7.I can find my toy, but where,s _ ? ( you ) 8.Give _ your kite, OK? (they) 9.I have a beautiful cat. _ name is Mimi. These cakes are _ . (it) 10.Arc these _ balls?
12、No, _ arc not _ . _ arent here. (they ) 11.I have a lovely brother. _ is only 3? I like _ very much. ( he ) 12. _ is my aunt. Do you know _ job? _ a nurse. ( she ) 13.That is not _ phone. _ is at home. ( he ) 14.Where are _ ? I carf t find _ ? Lets call _ parents? (they ) 15. _ sister is ill. Please
13、 go and see _ ? ( she ) 16._ dont know her name ? Would you please tell _ ? (we ) 四、形容词,副词:比较级,最高级 ( 一) 、形容词的比较级 1. 形容词比较级在句了中的运用: 两个事物或人的比较用比较级, 比较级后面一般带有单词thano 比较 级前面可以用more, a little 來修饰表示程度。 than后的人称代词用主格 ( 口语中口 J用宾格 ) 。 2.形容词加 er的规则 : 一般在词尾加er ; 以字母 e结尾,加 r ; 以一个元咅字母和一个辅咅字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅咅字母,再加er ;
14、 以“辅音字母 +厂结尾,先把y 变 i,再加 er。 3.不规则形容词比较级: good-better, bcautiful-morc beautiful ( 二)副词的比较级 1.形容词与副词的区别 (有 be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动) 在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后 副词在句子屮最常见的是处于实义动词之后 2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化: well-better, far-farther) 一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级 old _ young _ tall _ long _ short _ strong _ big _ small
15、 _ fat _ thin _ heavy _ nice _ early _ 二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式: 1. My brother is two years _ (old)than me. 2. Is your sister _ (young) than you? Yes,she is. 3. Who is _ (thin),you or Helen? Helen is. 4? Whose pencil-box is _ (big),yours or hers? Hers is. 5. Ben _ (jump) _ (high) than some of the boys in his
16、 class ? 6. My eyes are _ (big) than _ (she) 7. Which is _ (heavy),the elephant or the pig? 8. Who gets up _ (early),Tim or Tom? 9. _ the girls get up _ (early) than the boys?No,they _ ? 10. Jim runs _ (slow). But Ben runs _ (slow). 三、翻译句了: 1 谁比Jim 年纪人?_ is _ than Jim? 2、谁比David更强壮??是Gao Shan. - _ _
17、 than David? -Gao Shan _ . 3、谁的铅笔更长,他的还是她的?我想是她的。 _ pencil is _ , _ or _ ? _ is,l think. 4、 我的姐姐起得比我早。 My _ _ up _ than me. 五数词:基数词,序数词一、基数词 (1) 1-20 one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen、 seventeen, eighteen, nineteen,twenty
18、(2)21-99 先说“几十 =再说“几匕中间加连字符。 23twenty-three, 34thirty-four, 45fbrty five, 56fifty-six, 67 sixty-seven, 78seventy-eight, 89eighty-nine, 91 ninety-one (3)101999先说“几百”, 再加and,再加末两位数或末位数; 586five hundred and eighty-six 803eight hundred and three (4)1, 000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,“, 第一个“ , ”前为 thousand. 第二个“,
19、“ 前为 million, 第三个“,”前为billion 1,001one thousand and one 18,423eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three 6,260, 309six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine 750, 000, 000, 000seven hundred and fifty billion 二、序数词 (1)般在基数词后加th eg.fburfourth, thirteenthirteenth (2)不规则变化 on
20、efirst, two second, threethird, fivefifth, eight eighth, nineninth, twelvetwelfth (3)以 y 结尾的十位整数,变y 为 ie 再加 th twenty twentieth, forty fortieth, ninety ninetieth (4)从二十一后的“几I?几 “直至“几百几I?几 “ 或“几千几百几 -1?几 “ 只将个位的基数词变为 序数 词。 twenty?first, two hundred and forty-fifth 基数词转为序数词的口诀: 基变序,冇规律,词尾加上?th. 一,二,三,
21、特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d. 八去 t,九去 e, ve要用 f 替。 ty 将 y 变成 i, th 前而冇个 e. 若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。 六、介词:常用介词:in, on, at, behind等 1. at表示吋间概念的某一个点。(在某吋刻、吋间、阶段等)。 at 1: 00 (dawn, midnight, noon)在一点钟 ( 黎明、午夜、中午 ) 2.on 1)表示具体日期。 注: (1)关于”在周末”的几种表示法: at (on) the weekend 在周末特指 at (on) weekends 在周末泛指 over the weekend 在整个周末 duri
22、ng the weekend 在周末期间 (2)在圣诞节,应说at Christmas而不说 on Christmas 2)在( 刚 ) 的时候。 On reaching the city he called up his parents. 一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。 3.in 1)表示叩寸段”、”时期”,在多数情况下可以和during 互换,前者强调对比,后者强调持续。in (during) 1988 (December, the 20th century)在一九八八年 (十二月、二十世纪 ) 七、动词:动词的四种时态: (1) 一般现在时: 一般现在吋的构成 1. be动词: 主语+
23、be(am, is, are)+其它。如: I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2. 行为动词:主语 +行为动词什其它 )。如:We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加”?s” 或”? es” 。女口: Mary likes Chinese. 吗丽 喜欢汉语。 动词 +s的变化规则 1.一般情况下 , 直接加? s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks 2.以 s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾, 力 U?es,女 II: guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches,
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