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1、小学英语语法复习要点 一、名词 可数名词:表示可以具体个別存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式, 其单数形式与不定冠词a(n) 连用。 可数名词复数规则: 1 ?一般情况下,直接加?s,如1: book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s. x. sh. ch 纟吉尾 , 力P-es,女D: bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y” 结尾,变y 为i,再加?es,如1: family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe
2、 ”结尾,变f或fe为v,再加?es,女口:knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman?policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet, tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 不可数名词:表示不能个别存在的事物,如液体类,气体类的物质;少数固体类的物质(grass草, ice冰), 抽象的名词(hel
3、p帮助,music音乐)。不可数名词没有复数(如some water),不能与 不定冠词连用。 写出下列各词的复数 photo diary dav dress thief yo-yo peach juice water rice tea man woman banana bus child foot sheep leaf(树叶)dish knife pen boy babv map city box book class eye office car fox(狐狸) watch library pear skirt shelf cinema tomato tooth wife Englishm
4、an paper milk Frenchman postman family mouse people (人们) fish brush mango Japanese sandwich policeman watermelon Chinese strawberry match glass 二、一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能 :1. 表示事物或人物的特征、状态。女The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2?表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day我每天六点起 床。 3. 表示客观现实。 如:The earth goes arou
5、nd the sun?地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成 :1. be 动词: 主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 注意:(我用am, 你用are,三单is. 复数areo ) 2?行为动词: 主语+行为动词( +其它)。如 :We study English.我们学习英 语。 注意:(当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时, 要在动词后加或 n-esu o如Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。)一般现在时的变化 :l.be动词的变化。 肯定句:主语+be+其它。女口:He is a worke匚他是工人。 否定句:主语
6、 + be + not +其它。He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句:Be +主语+其它。(be动词移到句首)女n :I am a studein. -Are you a student? Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+般疑问句。 女口 : My bike is under the tree. Is your bike under the tree? Where is your bike? 2.行为动词的变化。 肯定句:主语 +动词原形( +其它)。 否定句:主语 + dontC doesn*t) +动词原形( +其它)。 如:
7、I like bread? I dont like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesnt构成否定句。如:He ofter plays football. He doesnt often play football? 一般疑问句:Do( Does )+主语+动词原形 +其它。 (句首加助动词do, does )如:I often play football. ? Do you often play football? -Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。 女n: She goes to school by bi
8、ke. -Does she go to school by bike? ? Yes, she does? / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+般疑问句。 女口 :She goes to school by bike. Does she go to school by bike? How does she go to school? 动词+s的变化规则 1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks 2?以s. x. sh. ch. o 结尾, 加?es,女1: guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches,
9、 go-goes 3.以“ 辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加?es,如I: study-studies 一般现在时用法专练: 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink go stay make look have pass carry come watch plant fly study brush do teach 二、用am, is, are填空 1.1 a bov. you a bov? No, I 2. The girl Jacks sister. 3. The dog tall and fat:. 4. The man with big eyes _ a teache匸 5. _
10、 your brother in the classroom? 6. Where _ your mother? She _ at home. 7. How _ your father? & Mike and Liu Tao_ at school. 9. Whose dress _ this? 10.Whose socks _ they? 11 ? That_ my red skirt. 12.Who _ I? 13.The jeans _ on the desk. 14.Here _ a scarf for you. 15.Here _ some sweaters for you. 16.Th
11、e black gloves _ for Su Yang. 17.This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 18.The two cups of milk _ for me. 19.Some tea _ in the glass. 20. Gao Shans shirt _ over there. 21. My sisterfs name _ Nancy. 22. This _ not Wang Fangs pencil. 23._ David and Helen from England? 24. There _ a girl in the room. 25.
12、 There _ some apples on the tree. 26. _ there any kites in the classroom? 27. _ there any apple juice in the bottle? 2& There _ some bread on the plate. 29. There _ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park. 30. You, he and I _ from China. 三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often _ (have) dinner at
13、home. 2. David and Tom _ (be) in Class One. 3. We _ (not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Mike _ (not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _ (like) the World Cup? 6. What _ they often _ (do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _ (read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _ (teach) us English on Sundays. 9. She and
14、I _ (take) a walk together every evening. 10? There _ (be) some water in the bottle. 11.Mike _ (like) cooking? 12.They _ (have) the same hobby. 13.My aunt _ (look) after her baby carefully. 14.You always _ (do) your homework well. 15.1_ (be) ill. I rm staying in bed. 16.She _ (go) to school from Mon
15、day to Friday. 17.Liu Tao _ (do) not like PE. 18.The child often _ (watch) TV in the evening. 19.Su Hai and Su Yang _ (have) eight lessons this term. 20.What day _ (be) it today? It“ s Saturday. 四、按照要求改写句子 1. David watches TV every evening. (改为否定句) 2.1 do my homework every day?(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) 3. She
16、 likes milk?(改为一般疑问句,作肯定回答) 4. Helen likes playing computer games. (改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) 5. We go to school every morning. (改为否定句) 6. He speaks English very well?(改为否定句) 7.1 like taking photos in the park/对划线部分提问) 8. Jim comes from Canada对划线部分提问) 9. She is always a good student/改为一般疑问句,作否定回答) 10. Tom and
17、David like going skating.(改为否定句) 五、 改错(划岀错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is your brother speak English? _ 2. Does he likes going fishing? _ 3. He likes play games after class. _ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. _ 5- She dont do her homework on Sundays. _ 六、 一般现在时翻译练习 1 ?我们每天七点钟上学。 We _ at seven o,clock _ 2.教室有一些学生。
18、 There _ in the classroom. 3苏海英语说得很好。 Su Hai _ very _ ? 4 ?高小姐教英语。 Miss Gao _ . 5.我父亲起得很早。 My father _ early. 6 ?我们非常喜欢英语。 We _ English _ . 7.他常常步行去上学。 He usually _ . &他努力学习英语。 He _ hard. 9 ?她学英语吗? _ she _ ? 10.他是做什么工作的? _ is his _ ? 11 ?他不在家里做作业。 He _ at home. 12.我们星期天不去学。 We _ on Sundays. 13.他经常十点
19、钟睡觉。 He often _ ? 14 ?有吋我五点钟起床。 Sometimes, I _ . 15他们早上七点钟去上学。 They _ at seven _ . 三、现在进行时 1.现在进行吋表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行 的动作。(句中一般含有now, look, listen.) 2?现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. 女口:Tom is reading books in his study . 3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 女口 :Tom is reading books in his study ? Tom is
20、not reading books in his study . 4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 女U: Tom is reading books in his study . Is Tom reading books in his study ? 5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词+般疑问句? (注意:当划线部分包含谓语动词时, 用疑问词代替划线部分放到句首,原划线处应加上doing) 如I: Tom is reading books in his study . Tom is reading books in his study . Is Tom reading
21、books in his study ? Is Tom reading books in his study ? What is Tom doing in his study? Where is Tom reading books? 动词加ing的变化规则 1.一般情况下 , 直接加ing,如cook-cooking 2.以不发音的e 结尾,去e 加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting 3.如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing, 女口 : run-running, stop-stopping 现在进行时专项练习: 一、写出下
22、列动词的现在分词: play run swim make go like write ski read have sing dance put see buy love live take come set stop _ sit _ begin _ shop _ 二、 用所给的动词的正确形式填空: 1 .The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom ? 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. What _ you _ ( do )
23、 now? 5. Look . They _ ( have) an English lesson . 6. They _ (not .water) the flowers now. 7. Look! the girls _ (dance )in the classroom . 8. _ What is our granddaughter doing? She (listen ) to music. 9. Its 5 oclock now. We _ (have)supper now 10. _ Helen _ (wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 三、 句型转换: 1.T
24、hey are doing housework? ( 分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) 2. The students are cleaning the classroom .(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) 3. Fm playing the football in the playground . (对划线部分进行提问) 4. Tom is reading books in his study .(对划线部分进行提问) 四、现在进行吋翻译练习 1 ?我正在读英语。 I _ _ English. 2.他正在写字。 He _ _ . 3?你正在唱歌吗?是的,我在唱歌。不,我不在唱歌。 _ you
25、 _ ? Yes, _ . / No, _ . 4.他(她)在听音乐吗? _ he/she _ ? 5 ?你正在干什么?我正在做作业。 _ are you _ ? Fm _ . 6?看!杰克正在游泳。 Look, Jack _ . 7. 听!她正在唱歌。 Listen, she _ . 8 ?现在我正在打扫房间。 I _ my _ now. 9.你父亲在干什么?他正在看电视。 What _ your father _ ? He _ _ _ . 10.他正在打一封电子邮件吗?是的。 _ he _ ? Yes, _ . 11.琳达经常在晚上做作业, 但她今晚在看电视。 Linda often _ her _ in the evening. But she _ this evening. 12.今天天气不错。瞧!他们正在草地上玩耍。 It is _ today. Look, they _ on the _ 13.我不能和你出去了 . 外面正下雨呢。 I _ go out _ ? It _ outside. 14 ?现在我们正在吃晚餐。 We _ now. 15.我的父母年岁越来越老了。 My parents are _ .
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