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1、20152011年各省市高考题 Passage 1 (2015 新课标全国 ) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形 式。 Yangshuo,China It was raining lightly when I 1 (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didnt care.A few hours 2 ,Id been at home in Hong Kong,with 3 (it) choking smog.Here ,the air was clean and fresh ,even with the
2、rain. Id skipped nearby Guilin ,a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River 4 are pictured by artists in so many Chinese 5 (painting).Instead,Id headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin ,its only an hour away 6 car and offers all the
3、 scenery of the betterknown city. Yangshuo 7 (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers 8 (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent , a travel co
4、mpany in Hong Kong , says it 9 (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people 10 (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 【语篇导读】桂林山水甲天下,阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳 朔旅游时的所见。 1.解析考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时,根据语境此处要 用一般过去时态。 答案arrived 2.解析考查副词的用法。由语境可知,几个小时之前我还在香港的家中,由 此可知 before/earlier符合句意。 答案before/earlier 3.解析考查形容词性
5、物主代词的用法。空格后面有名词smog,故要使用形容 词性物主代词。 答案its 4.解析考查定语从句关系代词的用法。由句子结构不难判断这是一个定语从 句。先行词为指物的mountain tops and dark waters ,关系词在从句中作主语, 因此答案为 that/ which。 答案that/ which 5.解析考查名词的复数。 “so many 复数名词 ”为一常用短语。 答案paintings 6.解析考查介词的固定用法。根据句意可知,这只是驱车一小时的路程。 “by交通工具名词 ”为一固定短语。 答案by 7.解析考查主谓一致和动词时态。本段介绍阳朔的自然条件,属客观事实
6、, 要用一般现在时,由于主语是单数第三人称形式,因此答案为is。 答案is 8.解析考查过去分词短语作后置定语的用法。study 与 conduct 之间为动宾关 系,故用表示被动的过去分词形式。此外,by 是解题的关键词,conducted by.意为“由所做的 ”。 答案conducted 9.解析考查副词的用法。该词修饰谓语动词arrange ,故要用其副词形式。 答案regularly 10.解析考查现在分词短语作后置定语的用法。由于live 与其所修饰的名词 people之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用表示主动意义的现在分词形式。 答案living Passage 2 (2015 新课标
7、全国 ) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1 个单词 )或括号内单词的正确形 式。 The adobe dwellings( 土 坯房 ) 1 (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even 2 most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their 3 (able) to “air cond
8、ition”a house without 4 (use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat 5 (slow)during cool nights,thus warming the house.When a new day breaks ,the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough 6 (cool) the house during the hot d
9、ay:7 the same time,they warm up again for the night.This cycle 8 (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset(抵消)for the outside temperatures.As 9 (nature) architects ,the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly 10 thick the adobe
10、walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 【语篇导读】相比现代化的建筑,简陋的土坯房可谓丑陋不堪。但当代的 建筑师却对其情有独钟。短文主要介绍了土坯房能够调节温度的原理。 1.解析考查过去分词短语作后置定语。主语dwellings 与动词 build 之间为逻辑 上的动宾关系,故用过去分词形式。又由by 一词的暗示也可知用表示被动意 义的过去分词。 答案built 2.解析考查定冠词的用法。空格之后为形容词的最高级形式,故填定冠词。 答案the 3.解析考查形容词与名词的转换。形容词性物主代词their 之后应当用名词, 故
11、将 able转化为其名词形式。 答案ability 4.解析考查介词的用法。介词without 之后的动词要用动名词形式。 答案using 5.解析考查副词的用法。由土坯制成的墙壁在炎热的白天吸收太阳的热量并 在凉爽的夜间慢慢将热量释放出来。修饰谓语动词give out,因此要用副词形 式。 答案slowly 6.解析考查固定句式的用法。“形容词 enough动词不定式 ”为一常用句 式。 答案to cool 7.解析考查固定短语的用法。 at the same time意为“同时”,是一个常用介词 短语。 答案at 8.解析考查动词的时态。这是一篇说明文,主要介绍了土坯房冬暖夏凉的原 理,故
12、用一般现在时态。 答案goes 9.解析考查形容词的用法。修饰名词architects,故要用形容词形式。 答案natural 10.解析考查宾语从句的连接词用法。分析句子结构可知,这是一个宾语从 句。根据形容词 thick 及结构可知这里的意思是印第安人要算出土坯墙的确切 厚度。所以答案为 how。 答案how Passage 3 (2015 福建) 阅读下面短文,根据以下提示:1)汉语提示, 2)首字母提示, 3)语境提示, 在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词,所填单词要求意义准确,拼写正确。 Sometimes we have disagreements with people.When
13、 this (1)h , the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.Here (2) my tips for you. The (3)f thing I would say is that the way you begin the conversation is very important. Imagine you are a student and you share a flat (4) another student who you think isnt
14、 doing her share of the housework.If you say, “Look, you never do your share of the housework.(5) are you going to do about it?”, the discussion will very soon turn into an argument.Its much more (6) (有帮助 )to say something like, “I think we had (7)b have another look about how we divide up the house
15、work.Maybe there is a better way of dealing with it.” My second piece of (8)a is simple.If youre the person who is in the wrong, just admit it! This is the easiest and best way to avoid an argument.Just make an (9) (道歉), and move on.The other person will have more respect for you (10) the future if
16、you do that. 答 案1.happens2.are3.first4.with5.What6.helpful/beneficial 7.better8.advice9.apology10.in Passage 4 (2015 湖南) Directions: Complete the following passageby filling in each blank with one word that bestfits thecontext. Research has become both simpler and more complex. Its simpler because,
17、1 you have a computer, you can find information you need by searching the Internet. For all your information, you dont have to go to 2 library to find the relevant resource and take notes on it. Instead, you can find some sources from the Internet 3 print the copies needed.Remember, however, that yo
18、u should usually consult different types of sources. That is, you 4 always rely just on the Internet for your research. While finding information is easier than ever, at the same time, researching has become 5 complex. There is a lot more material available, which means you may be overwhelmed 6 the
19、amount of information. You need to learn 7 to sort through and find the relevant information for your particular project. Also, 8 need to check the accuracy of it. 【语篇导读】随着电脑和因特网的出现,研究变得既简单又复杂。一方 面,我们不必像以往一样在书中搜索资料,这为我们提供了极大的方便;另一 方面,网络中众多的资料良莠不齐,选择准确的信息使我们的工作变得愈加复 杂。 1.解析考查状语从句。根据句意,如果你有了电脑,你可以通过上网
20、获得所 需的信息。 答案if 2.解析考查冠词。 go to the library 去图书馆; in the library 在图书馆。 答案the 3.解析考查连词。 and 连接并列谓语 find 和 print。 答案and 4.解析考查情态动词。根据上文你应该(should)查阅不同的资料。 答案shouldnt 5.解析考查形容词比较级。参见上文第一句more complex。 答案more 6.解析考查介词。 be overwhelmed with 面临,陷入。 答案with 7.解析考查疑问词。根据句意,你需要学习如何分类并找到特定任务的相关 信息。 how to do 是含有
21、疑问词的不定式,在此处作宾语。 答案how 8.解析考查代词。参见上文You need to learn how to sort throug. 答案you Passage 5 (2014 新课标全国 ) 阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于 3 个单词 )或括号内单词的 正确形式 Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix? In 1969,the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio.It 1 (be) unimag
22、inable that it could ever be cleaned up.The river was so polluted that it 2 (actual) caught fire and burned.Now,years later ,this river is one of 3 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup. But the river wasnt changed in a few days 4 even a few months.It took years of work 5 (reduce) the i
23、ndustrial pollution and clean the water.Finally , that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 6 (clean) than ever. Maybe you are facing an impossible situation.Maybe you have a habit 7 is driving your family crazy.Possibly you drink too much or dont know how to control your credit card
24、 use.When you face such an impossible situation,dont you want a quick fix and something to change immediately? While there are 8 (amaze) stories of instant transformation ,for most of us the 9 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work ,like cleaning up a polluted river.Just be 10 (pa
25、tience). 1.解析文章讲的是 1969年的事情,故用过去时。 答案was 2.解析修饰动词 caught,用副词 actually“实际上 ”。 答案actually 3.解析most outstanding是最高级,前面需要加the。 答案the 4.解析河流不是几天或者几个月里就改变了的,这里两个时间是选择关系, 故用 or。 答案or 5.解析这里考查固定句型: It takes some time to do sth“做某事花费多长时 间”。故应填不定式 to reduce 。 答案to reduce 6.解析根据下文 than知用形容词的比较级。 答案cleaner 7.解析
26、habit 是先行词,故用 that/which 引导定语从句。 答案that/which 8.解析是“令人吃惊的 ”,用形容词修饰名词stories,而 amazed指“人感到 吃惊的 ”,用来修饰人。 答案amazing 9.解析根据句子的谓语 “ are” 可知主语应为复数。 答案changes 10.解析根据空格前系动词 “ be” 可知这里应为形容词。 答案patient Passage 6 (2014 广东) 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填 入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Last year,my brother and I wen
27、t to Miami for a vacation.Some of my friends who had been there before said 1 was a wonderful holiday destination.Before we went,we had planned for months.When the day came ,we were ready. After our plane landed,we went to the hotel.We had made our reservation six months 2 (early) ,but the man at th
28、e front desk said there had been a mistake.We 3 (tell)that our rooms hadnt been reserved for that week,4 for the week after.I didnt understand 5 this would happen and my credit card had already been charged 6 the reservation.Whats worse,the hotel had been fully booked.When we were wondering what to
29、do ,the manager came out.She was 7 (surprise)helpful.She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on 8 top floor.We had never stayed in such an amazing room,and we werent charged extra. The next day,my brother and I went to the beach 9 we watched some people play volleyball.We got a l
30、ittle 10 (sunburn),but the day had been so relaxing that we didnt mind. 【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文,记述了我和我兄弟去Miami( 迈阿密 )旅 游,当到达目的地后,来到六个月前订的宾馆,却意外被告知订的房间是下个 星期的,且该宾馆房间已订满。正当不知如何办时,经理出来了,将他们安排 在留出来的 VIP 房间,且不另外收他们的钱,真是喜出望外的事。 1.解析在 said后的宾语从句中缺主语,应填代词;指代前句中的Miami 这个地 方,应用 it。 答案it 2.解析在句中作状语,依然用副词;不变词性,因为是较早的做的事
31、,所以 用比较级。 答案earlier 3.解析由句意可知,是 “我们被告知 ”,由上下文的时态可知,用一般过去 时的被动语态。 答案were told 4.解析根据上下句意,意为“不是为那个星期订的,而是为后一个星期所订 的”,为 not.but.结构。 答案but 5.解析意为“我不知道为什么会发生这样的事”,故用 why 引导宾语从句。 答案why 6.解析charge.for.是习惯搭配。 答案for 7.解析因本句已有作表语的形容词helpful,所以应当用副词来修饰形容词 helpful,指“令人惊讶地,意外地 ”,故填 surprisingly。 答案surprisingly 8
32、.解析特指“在顶楼 ”。 答案the 9.解析先行词是地点the beach ,且在定语从句中作状语,故填where (on which and on the beach and there) 。 答案where 10.解析在表示 “变化”的 got 后作表语,要用形容词; sunburn 是名词,其形 容词形式是 burnt 或 burned。 答案sunburnt/sunburned Passage 7 (2014 福建) 阅读下面短文,根据以下提示:1)汉语提示, 2)首字母提示, 3)语境提示, 在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词,所填单词要求意义准确,拼写正确。 Many of us
33、 were raised with the saying “Waste not,want not.”None of us, (1)h ,can completely avoid waste in our lives. Any kind of waste is thoughtless.Whether we waste our potential talents,our own time,our limited natural (2) (资源),our money,or other peoples time,each of us can become more aware and careful.
34、The smallest good habits can make a big (3)d .Its a good feeling to know in our hearts we are doing our (4)b in a world that is in serious trouble.By focusing on (5) (节省)oil,water, paper ,food,and clothing,we are playing a part (6) cutting down on waste. We must keep reminding (7) (自己)that it is eas
35、ier to get into something (8) it is to get out of it.Actually ,severe damage (9)d to our land is fairly recent in the history of our evolution.Its time for us to (10) no to waste so that our grandchildrens children will be able to develop well.We cant solve all the problems of waste ,but we can enco
36、urage mindfulness. Waste not! 1.解析句意:然而,在我们的生活中,没有人能完全避免浪费。位于句中, 前后都有逗号,用副词,所以填however。 答案however 2.解析作 waste的宾语,故用名词形式,且用名词复数。 答案resources 3.解析句意:最小的好习惯也会起作用。make a difference是固定用法,意思 是有影响,起作用。 答案difference 4.解析do ones best是固定用法,意思是尽某人最大的努力。 答案best 5.解析介词 on 之后用动词的 ing 形式。 答案saving 6.解析play a part
37、in是固定用法,意思是 “在中起作用 ”。 答案in 7.解析句意:我们必须不断地提醒我们自己,所以填反身代词ourselves 。 答案ourselves 8.解析这里进行比较,所以用比较句式,故填than。 答案than 9.解析“严重危害 ”和“作用于 ”之间是被动关系,故用过去分词作定语。 答案done 10.解析句意:是时候对 “浪费”说不了。 It is time for sb to do sth是固定用 法,意思是 “是时候做某事了。 ” 答案say Passage 8 (2014 湖南) Directions: Complete the following passageby
38、filling in each blank with one word that bestfits thecontext. We can choose our friends , but usually we cannot choose our neighbors.However,to get a happy home life,we have to get along with 1 as well as possible. An important quality in a neighbor is consideration for 2 .People should not do thing
39、s 3 will disturb their neighbors unnecessarily.For example, television sets need not be played at full volume (音量) 4 loud pop music should not be played very late at night.By avoiding things likely to upset your neighbors ,you can enjoy 5 friendly relationship with them. An equally important quality
40、 is tolerance.Neighbors should do all they can to avoid disturbing other people,6 there are times when some level of disturbance is unavoidable. 7 neighbors want to get along well with each other,they have to show their tolerance.In this way,everyone will live 8 peace. 【语篇导读】我们可以选择朋友,却无法选择邻居;因此处理好邻里
41、关系 至关重要。该篇文章主要说明如何处理好邻里关系。 1.解析根据句式结构此处缺少get along with 的宾语,根据上下文句意所填词 汇应是前文提到的 neighbors,故用代词 them。 答案them 2.解析根据句式结构此处缺少介词for 的宾语,应填名词或代词,根据下文意 思可以总结出 “好邻居的重要品质是为他人着想”,故填 others。 答案others 3.解析分析结构可知此句中需要填的是定语从句的引导词,先行词是things指 物,在从句中做主语,故用that/which。 答案that/which 4.解析此处缺少连词,根据句意可知上下文是并列加顺延的关系,故用an
42、d。 答案and 5.解析此处考查冠词。 relationship 此处作可数名词,且第一次出现,用a。 答案a 6.解析此处缺少连词。根据语境:“邻居们应该尽其所能避免打搅别人,但 有时一些搅扰是不可避免的”。此处上下文是转折关系,故用but。 答案but 7.解析此处缺少连词。根据句意:“如果邻居们想要和睦相处他们应互相忍 让。”所填词汇应能引导条件状语或时间状语从句,故用If 或 When。 答案If/When 8.解析此处考查固定短语的介词搭配。根据句意,这样,大家都能和平共 处,故用 in,“in peace ”和平地。 答案in Passage 9 (2013 广东) 阅读下面短文
43、,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填 入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 One day ,Nick invited his friends to supper.He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen.Suddenly,he 1 (find)that he had run out of salt.So Nick called to his son,“Go to the village and buy some salt,but pay a fair price for it :neither too muc
44、h 2 too little.” His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldnt pay too much, Father,but if I can pay less, 3 not save a bit of money ?” “That would be a very 4 (reason)thing to do in a big city,but it could destroy a small village like ours,”Nick said. Nicks guests, 5 had heard their co
45、nversation,asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could.Nick replied,“The only reason a man would sell salt 6 a lower price would be because he was desperate for money.And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect 7 the sweat and struggle of the
46、man who worked very hard to pr oduce it.” “But such a small thing couldnt 8 (possible) destroy a village. ” “In the beginning, there was only 9 very small amount of unfairness in the world,but everyone added a little,always 10 (think) that it was only small and not very important,and look where we h
47、ave ended up today. ” 【语篇导读】本文通过 Nick 叫儿子去买盐要给合理价格的故事说明,一 定要公平对待他人,尊重努力工作的人的汗水和努力。 1.解析动词时态。在主格人称代词he 后应为谓语动词,由语境可知用一般过 去时。 答案found 2.解析并列连词。 nor 构成并列连词 neither.nor。 答案nor 3.解析连接副词。 why not do sth (何不做某事 )?是固定句式。 答案why 4.解析词类转换。在名词前作定语要用形容词。 答案reasonable 5.解析非限制性定语从句。引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语,先 行词是人,故填 wh
48、o。 答案who 6.解析介词。因名词 a low price在句中不作主语、动词的宾语,应为介词的宾 语;根据习惯搭配,用介词at。 答案at 7.解析介词。 show respect for表示尊重。 答案for 8.解析副词。修饰谓语动词作状语,用副词。 答案possibly 9.解析不定冠词。 a small amount of(少量的 )是固定搭配。 答案a 10.解析非谓语动词。因everyone 与 think 是主动关系,故用现在分词短语作 added的伴随状语。 答案thinking Passage 10 (2011 广东) 阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要
49、求,在空格处填 入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 One Sunday morning in August I went to a local music festival.I left it early because I had an appointment 1 (late) that day.My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 2 the bus arrived.I got on the bus and found a seat near the back,and then I noticed a man 3 (sit) at the front.He 4 (pretend) that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice.He must be 5 (mental) disabled. Behind him were other people to 6 he was trying to talk ,but after some minutes 7 walked away and sat near me ,look
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