英语语法——倒装.ppt
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1、倒装,倒装句之全部倒装:全部倒装是只将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。此结构通常只用与一般现在时和一般过去时。 倒装句之部分倒装:部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词,则需添加助动词do, does或did,并将其置于主语之前。,季蚂钵吵错遵濒求甲盎卓桌恨旷辜窍握眯寨孰抑绑刮塘名泌爽丙浆徘瞬诛英语语法倒装英语语法倒装,1.全部倒装,1) 完全倒装即把整个谓语放到主语之前(是整个谓语动词,而非助动词)。 In came the teacher and the class began. 2) there引出的完全倒装句:除了最常见的there
2、 be句型以外, there还可以接appear, exist, lie, remain, seem to be, stand等,一般都译成“有”的含义,构成完全倒装句。 There live(stand,appear.seem,remain,exist.) There once lived an old man in that house. 3) 由地点和时间副词引出的完全倒装句:以地点副词here, there和时间副词now, then 开头,后面的动词是be, come, exist, fall, follow, go, lie, remain, seem, stand等,而主语又是名
3、词时,构成完全倒装句。 Up climbed the boy when his mother came.,祸哭称弟背擦烫聘又忻偶坍住沸升奉加次貉脑陶我邯制匠管少宁范失篙爪英语语法倒装英语语法倒装,4) 表示方位的副词:in, out, away, off, down, up等置于句首,常和go, come等表示位移的动词的一般过去时连用,谓语表示运动的动词且主语是名词时使用完全倒装 Out rushed a missile. Down jumped the thief from the house. Up went the rocket into the air. 5) 表示地点的介词短语在句
4、中充当状语,而谓语又是某些表示状态的动词,如lie, come, stand, run, walk等时, 为了上下文联系紧密,常把介词短语放在句子前面,谓语动词置于主语之前,引起全部倒装。 Below the mountain runs a little stream. Round the corner walked a large policeman. To the north of the city lies a small island.,胺北僵琢埠数牟芋搽肥驮蜂艾唬焉涧沏摹搽卜蛤颇找隆诫扒抡继簿兜消能英语语法倒装英语语法倒装,注意: 1) 在here, there引出的倒装句中,当主语
5、是普通名词时用完全倒装句,但当主语是代词时,就不用倒装。 Here comes the postman! Here we are./There he comes. 2) 当主语是代词,谓语是系动词,表语是说明性的词、词组和定语从句时,可以使用完全倒装句,起强调作用。 Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university. Typical for China is the crosstalk show where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.
6、(中国典型的是相声表演,两个喜剧演员通过文字游戏逗乐观众.),桶挠衬碑效算菌茂涎宙屎蓖成还储簇尉欢悲侠刘领助辅挡承苔撬触赁抽标英语语法倒装英语语法倒装,2.部分倒装,1) 部分倒装即只把谓语的一部分(如助动词、情态动词等)放到主语前,或把句子的强调成分提前。 Nor did he let the disease stop him from living the kind of life he has always dreamt about. 2) 以否定词开头的句子要求部分倒装。注意下列句子中助动词或情态动词提前、甚至补充助动词的用法: Not until yesterday did litt
7、le John change his mind. In no country other than Britain, it had been said, can one experience four seasons in the course of a single day.,剐滴咯寨远廊吉撮眨梁宵陷庞额群脆炔涉椒峙绷掏藤煞瓣逻吾惫绦竹垣跑英语语法倒装英语语法倒装,3) 以否定副词开头并加状语放在句首的句子要求部分倒装。这些否定副词有barely, hardly, little, seldom, scarcely when, never, no sooner than, rarely, no
8、 more, not nearly, not only等以及only。 Only in the country can you learn the “true English”. Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him. Scarcely had we arrived, when it began to rain. 4) 此外,一些介词+no+名词的结构中需要用部分倒装,这些结构包括at no time; by no means; for no reason; in no case; in/under no
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