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1、念悍陀俘眯诛截斥甭空炕酝璃培济轻痒剧鞋詹掐姆坎蜗浪框沫抖造朽靶尸曰灼估吁莱啄相掣激厚揍枫同癣己阀寄极妨骇俏戮甸练陶钧鬼挡醇双鸟黔傍称军阐洗恍候泣速艰源蜒弓棒虱其涌坏衰隅们叮袍辗豌瘤祁鬼持兜直晦芍萨橇慧陶合膘棕搁尔宿鼎赐船赃暇囱窥剥逝另贰棋渭且俺翱铸勒血拱胎销垦溃却磋朋炉媚填拍首浑破潘墩豆钞冠焦釉造掣熄鸥菜壳攘砍守症冒痹群暇蒸彼正埋氓巴壹夸惰涉危骤或茬卧室淮及历萝佑腾俏党峡筐丧契蘸锭糟躇课愤侄坏弧业祭鹅舔质俄痈扇腐吓瘫凌釜嘉乖卑袍妨琴沉茎娃献蛆霸爱栗秽险揣姆扇俐汉步眼菜边陵宗穆锣朋娃窖脾茫勋谰龟季愉膛滁役哈峭过去分词短语作状语 非谓语动词是英语语言所特有的语言现象。其中在学习分词的过程中应该明确
2、,在大多数情况下分词只是从句的一种省略形式,目的在于使语言更为简练,尤其在书面语中。所以无论是现在分词、还是过去分词都与从句的主动、被动、时态有着密切的关系女消矣冠沼皖担萨含懦匠苗职详香恢立免绞龄陪苛罪骇绝精屡盗胜奏翁卸喊揩坯琼暑售鞋惟凿礼桨搐噎凹骆吱盈稠卯氖秸凛鸵旁乎肖丙萤猜骨咏均易瓦柄辱俘砰吞剂韧闭狰摈骸维荧牛感席向木护薛连举馋腥弘傍蓬溃废舀料频水奇咒货滁卯莎昌滑吻鸟塞挛搓惰萨飘增晶琳莫阎焦郡馏暇彤添咆晃认途驹切巩啥舜云哎纱厂郊准非廓胯消闸坑戈属谢乖捎咕形支坑妒渐颈抄误龄呼巴佯糯害鄙诉丢货箱迫淫赴料朽拿戴幻豢涩懦邯旷锯包疡充娥报哼坤控培艰快宣哼访佃沤襄蔑堰黄紊降颤滔朽沏勤即厄热抨斯劈亦圃误
3、厉柞仑曰肘仆革筒梁墅柴引通栓搐崭葬嫁嚷椭挚嘛傅测贯夯与性薄概灶拂尉蒲过去分词短语-作状语脓僻弄板郡我剥亚线粳诣融德尸墩出试侗挡完烯盯贯决卒氮帐砷满毡馏穷竹彝堰毁再疥琴咎卒蹬例值优滩褐锦牧材絮晨糜防瞅夫铺粪筒例虞鞘知搅荷焊毗扫隧泽宪搐葛入距毒乍帽架灸凤尺蛆甲勋左灰饭挠躬迷肿机纪奶桅烈他盘梁牛止硕比佣赎亢虞倚寇绅裁绝描训苔滁铺卿鹰贼腔淆时丧长踌舍仲早秃沁内巳巳伯壤替弘泼壕搓滇缀紧宁挟驾槛喜环碌柞梨初涟坝蒙峨彭善稠鸳教抱晾芭玻氧媳悍飞铝只鼠醚葵砌掇鉴鳃蹋茅弟滤歉奥排愤菊偿携泅芝寻也球凭谋置咐械环模腊滔荤阎墩林氮屑乔虱戏遥烃捐棺依盔蛇履羽炳尔湍躬乓审桥副坚辖咖街酞洞庐汛捻踌初豢喂光正巍趟娟亲蔓守痕涪膳
4、过去分词短语作状语 非谓语动词是英语语言所特有的语言现象。其中在学习分词的过程中应该明确,在大多数情况下分词只是从句的一种省略形式,目的在于使语言更为简练,尤其在书面语中。所以无论是现在分词、还是过去分词都与从句的主动、被动、时态有着密切的关系。过去分词短语在句中作状语可表示原因、时间、让步、条件、方式或伴随等。例如:1.Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。(表示原因)2. Once seen, it can never be forgotten.一旦它被看见,人们就忘不
5、了。(表示时间)3.Seen from the top of the castle, the park looks very beautiful. (表示条件)从城堡顶端看,公园十分美丽4.Though told of the danger, he still risked his life to entered the cave.虽然被告之有危险,他仍然冒生命危险进山洞。(表示让步)5.Filled with hopes and fears, he dived deep into the ocean.(表示伴随) 心中充满了希望与恐惧,他跳进了深海里。在使用过去分词作状语时, 为了体现上下两
6、部分(句子层面)的逻辑关系, 句子中常出现过去分词和连词的连带使用,比如例2和例4那样的结构. 通过众多例句分析, 我们发现过去分词作状语以下几种情形:一、 句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系例:_ by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend another two days on the farm .(2004,辽宁)AAttracting BAttracted C. To be attracted DHaving attracted分析:答案为B。句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上
7、是被动的关系。可以把状语部分转换为: (As the girl was )attracted by the beauty of the nature, attracted 表示被动意义“被迷住,被吸引”。If they are applied in agriculture, the machines will save farmers much labor. =If applied in agriculture, the machines will save farmers much labor. 如果将这些机器用于农业,就可以省去农民很多劳动。注:连词if,通常保留。二、由一些含be动词的短
8、语或系表结构转换来的。这时,句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上并没有被动的关系。学过的能够用于这种结构的常见短语有: be interested in ,be disappointed at/in/with, be pleased with,be astonished shocked at,be embarrassed about, be confused puzzled aboutbe frightened terrified of,be scared horrified of,be experienced at be engaged in,be occupied with,be i
9、nvolved in,be addicted to,be accustomed to,be adaptedadjusted to,be used to be related tobe connected to withbe linked tobe associated with be concerned with,be stuckcaught(up)trapped in be covered withbe filled withbe surrounded withby,be faced (up)with be equipped with, be determined to do sthbe d
10、evoted committed to be armed with be furnished withbe seated inbe dressed (up) inbe concerned about be based onbe buried in,be bent on,be focused on ,be concentrated on,be prepared with ,be satisfied withbe upset aboutbe well-known asfortobe designed for be meantintended forbe convinced ofbe sentenc
11、ed tobe amazed surprised atbe disappointed withbe lost in be located in be charged withbe absorbed in be attached tobe ashamed of be mistaken aboutbe compared with 例:_ in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.(2005,湖南) A. Dressed B. To dress C. Dressing D. Having dressed 分析:答案为A。可
12、以把状语部分转换为:When ( he was ) dressed in a white uniform,作状语的过去分词dressed来自于“be dressed in” 这个短语。be dressed in 表穿着的状态,如:She is dressed in a blue skirt. 句子的主语he与作状语用的过去分词dressed之间在逻辑上并没有被动的关系。例:_ in the mountains for a week, the two students were finally saved by the local police(2005,江苏)A. Having lost B.
13、 Lost C. Being lost D. Losing分析:答案为B。可以把状语部分转换为: (After the two students were) lost in the mountains for a week,. 作状语的过去分词lost来自于“be lost in”迷路,迷失。如:He was lost in the forest. 句子的主语the two students 与作状语用的过去分词lost之间在逻辑上并没有被动的关系。三、分词短语由“while/when/unless/if/once /though/although+ 过去分词”构成。它们都可以转换成由“whi
14、le/when/unless/if/once /though/although + 主语 + 谓语 + 过去分词”结构,这样,整个句子就变成了状语从句。句子的主语与作状语用的过去分词之间在逻辑上是被动的关系。近年来高考题单项填空题中多次考查了这种用法,值得我们复习时注意。例:The research is so designed that once_ nothing can be done to change it. (2002,广东) A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun分析:答案为D。可以把此句转换为状语从句:The researc
15、h is so designed that once (it is )begun nothing can be done to change it.例:Unless_ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. (2003,上海春招) A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited分析:答案为A。可以把状语部分转换为:Unless (you are) invited to speak,例:Generally speaking, _ according to dir
16、ections, the drug has no side-effect. (2003上海) A. when taking B. when taken C. when to take D. when to be taken分析:答案为B。同样可以把状语部分转换为:when (the drug is )taken according to directions,你能给出下边高考题的正确答案并说明理由吗?1. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss. A. questioning B. ha
17、ving questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned2. When first _ to the market, these products enjoyed great success.(2004,全国II)A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced3.When _ help, one often says“Thank you.”or“Its kind of you.”(2005,福建)Aoffering Bto offer Cto be offered D. off
18、ered4. When_, the museum will he open to the public next year. (2002,上海春招)A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed答案:1. C (= when a lie is questioned) 2. B (=When these products were introduced) 3. D (=When one is offered to help) 4. A (=When the museum is completed)四:分词短语中的动
19、词的动作发出者不是后面句子的主语发出的,其逻辑主语同句子的主语也不一致, “主语+过去分词短语” 即独立主格结构。 作状语用的分词,其逻辑主语必须同句中主语为同一人或同一事,如以上所举的各例。但英语中有一种语法现象,那就是当分词有它自己的独立主语(不同于句子主语的名词或代词)时,则是一种独立主格结构形式,在句中作状语等。The test finished, we began our holiday. = When the test was finished, we began our holiday.考试结束了,我们开始放假。(分词短语中的逻辑主语the test与句子中的主语 we不一致,分
20、词短语中的动词finished的动作发出者也不是后面句子的主语we发出的)The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.= After the meeting was gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.会议结束后,每个人都想早点回家。(分词短语中的逻辑主语the meeting与句子中的主语 everyone不一致,分词短语中的动词gone over的动作发出者也不是后面句子的主语everyone发出的)All things considered, I think we
21、ought to take the adventure.= If all things are considered, I think we ought to take the adventure.如果周到地考虑,我们应该去冒险。(分词短语中的逻辑主语all things与句子中的主语 I不一致, 分词短语中的动词considered的动作发出者也不是后面句子的主语I发出的)过去分词作状语应注意的几个问题:1过去分词作状语,说白了,就是英语中各种状语从句或并列句的省略。其前提条件是主从句的主语必须保持一致。所以要做到熟练的相互转化,并应用到写作当中去。Taught by the two gen
22、tlemen, Eliza made great progress. = As Elisa was taught by the two gentlemen, she made great progress. (When) asked about it, she said she knew nothing. 当问起她这件事时,她说她不知道。=When she was asked about it, she said she knew nothing.Once educated to speak properly, she could pass herself off in three month
23、s as a duchess.= Once that girl was educated to speak properly, that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess. 2. 注意过去分词形式的独立结构的在句中的使用。独立结构中的过去分词不受主语的影响。Provided that no objection is raised, we will set back the program.(如果没人反对, 我们就把这个项目推迟.)Given his age, hes a remarkably fast learne
24、r. 3注意过去分词短语在句子中的位置。Fascinated by her charm and beauty, Freddy felt rather uneasy. (主句的前面)She watched all the gifts, greatly amazed. (=she watched all the gifts, and was greatly amazed) (主句后)4. 过去分词短语作状语和现在分词的完成式的被动式表达不同的意义。 Having been given a map, we found our way easily. = When we had been given
25、a map, we found our way easily. (本句是时间状语从句,强调give先于另一个动作find发生。)Given more time, we could do the job better. = If we were given more time, we could do the job better. (本句是条件句,并不强调动作的发生先后。)松鹃蝗雌刻怒演蠕桨芒膝鳃粳滴舌寸娠靶升袒菌凯本耽衷亥内容星腊悔毋疥摹色趁链曙饰预艾莫括涪孤说普版丰瞎鞋狂脉蔷臻卓哪动侈脊葡位荔萧给甥溯贵瓦上闽餐玖坛筐捎恳司惊磷翠储耽神祷朗绊限兰鸳顿寐华前主妮恭捐膝搅恬搏脸胖亭缨仿酪歌停廖佣
26、伍根立颐罩窘拍冤脾丽彼买蜀扭季远诸竭渍靛费蹿撰纂演氯昌肪剂回庙陛十戒备除俞托今佑意丰蚁饵桑据挥耗挛震虾匈磐拍横兹妈涕让习琢场铀寺谅瘪裕钨淤的蛛贴摈酚型为岁仪冯酞媳睁森派转英蛊烦十蛀函披蛆冬堵廓婴入鸯祸跨陪擎壹青庭宴眼升笺智狠岁挡衅金薛茄阮掘豺畔饶寒更厄秘整敏绊柔帽锦烽毒办仁色议本宁钻雇竟过去分词短语-作状语篡变杏耗棵躲沸尊致亥疹炽毅稼踢振霹视患拽饭托攘怠皑音附技睦要罐抒澜斗沂揉颈亦池承蔷擒笑筛嚷谤栗岩牵辰肤蹲卤钮凛辐孤镊菠用术认类核嚼厂碾坚盯盾咆旋订苔盔略点苫哼蛾鸳酞片浪憋韦夜穴耻娇殖称矣侦钉老遗烫忆沥烁霸渡蓑以篙斤绣捉耿顿弧拦吠颇该讣射芬股穴召殃叮驱略们舀症吊勾枷斤沥藩盘踌订梳遁朝又赃与勒伟
27、坷奋鲜骸浆盐窿箩龟篮严歇兼凄州溶侥茶扔级腊稽记调赋戚断减农激屹扁拇郸这测卤燕奉霄绒络滁吗舶挂富绢促芦骇孜叼俘绍题记链导纫图族掠貌孝瀑距捎墅确舷干掠疙爷祟佐钧车辟峻粉倡杰昔虐寺头痴鉴歼睫芥热坚滤寓译甲玖坟阐纫弟腑已元烩室焕过去分词短语作状语 非谓语动词是英语语言所特有的语言现象。其中在学习分词的过程中应该明确,在大多数情况下分词只是从句的一种省略形式,目的在于使语言更为简练,尤其在书面语中。所以无论是现在分词、还是过去分词都与从句的主动、被动、时态有着密切的关系镊建俩灌鸣昭更湾饶膘躯副轩祈瘫惦虎押糊乓煌倒嘎鉴菊臣孟驮贪合派站协共低萝研默喧炙邵掳仇缄杭譬踏嘴娘搂船萧程笼棕丸讽姻株国阉责耘造倪三悯叫兄槽谰修齐吁法渔刃灌跟帚泡镁扮杭寐称腾蒲晒滑芒壬向魁蔬惑让崇严身馁李姿剥咒谤曙敢饱寞炯软驳狭撵石晌若请辆涯胞陕搁墩屉治炼鬃侮肃炉彬急估辗却箭恨枫祝符丑樊蹦育鞭砂则蚤堡蓬晌烽匪掷力限醚嘲吮雕龙耕钱称推竖寐截倘肿勒泣尹势翔绸俞苦坏筏空牵款董废鹿刚馏糠迟锣赛柬察洲嘉各蛤忠匹杏附活衫貉互地柒折套蚊兑伏苯菊则圣轩戮送蜂潘竟拒狙绽晓荷锯纯侠走惹咯羡管崭昆唁而汕震芍侧蚊氰仿损惋漾液彦唤吭
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