中考英语重点单词和短语用法大总结.doc
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1、中考英语重点单词和短语用法大总结1 . cost / take / spend / pay 花费花费时间做某事 : It takes sb some time to do sth . = sb spend some time (in)doing sth .= sb spend some time on sth .某人花钱买某物 : sb spend some money on sth .= sb pay some money for sth . = sth cost sb . some money . spend 和 pay 主语都是人, cost 主语是物。 spent 还可以指“度过” H
2、ow did you spend your weekend ?The sweater _ me 90 yuan . = I _ 90 yuan for the sweater.=I _ 90 yuan on the sweater .He spent lots of money _ the mobile phone .It _ her 20 minutes to go home every day . = He _ 20 minutes _ home every day .2 . thanks for为而感谢 _ inviting me to your birthday party .than
3、ks to 多亏/由于_ your help .I got good grades .3 . 感叹句 :多么 what + 名词how + 形容词 / 副词 _ bad weather ! _ hard he works !_ fresh vegetables ! _ cute a monkey it is !4 . 因为、由于 : because( 连词 ) +从句: ( 表示原因 )because of(介词短语) + 名词(短语 )= thanks to I didnt go to school _ I had a headache .He was late for class _ th
4、e bad weather .He cant come _ he is ill .Many people have a cold _ the cold weather .because和 so不能同时连用 。5 . 来自 : be from = come from Where are you from ? = Where _ you _ _ ? He is from Tibet. = He _ _ Tibet.6 .How often 对频率提问 ( 多久一次) 回答用表示频率的副词或短语How long 对一段时间提问 (多久 ) 回答用表示一段时间的状语How soon 对将来时间提问 (
5、 多久 ) 回答用 in+时间段How far 询问多长距离(多长)- _ have you been collecting the kites ? -For ten years.- _ do you go shopping ? -Sometimes. - _ will your father come back ? - In two years.- _ do you exercise ? - Once a week.- _ is it from your home to school ? - About ten miles.- _ are you staying there ? - Two
6、weeks.7 . 乘交通工具 : take a / the +交通工具 在句中作谓语by+交通工具=on a 交通工具在句中作方式状语交通工具有:train/bus/car/taxi/boat/subway/plane. He takes a bus to bank 。= He goes to bank by bus 。 = He goes to bank on a bus . I walk to school . = I go to school _ . 骑自行车、马或驴用ride : ride ones bike / ride a horse / ride a donkey in one
7、s car8 . 对不起 : Excuse me (劳驾,客套话 )Sorry ( 表示道歉 ) _ .Where is Tianfu Square in Chengdu ?Would you mind cleaning your room ? - _ . Ill do it right away.- Dont eat in class 。 - _ 。 Ms Clark . _ , is this the way to the station ?9 . 声音 : sound ( 自然界各种声音 )noise(噪音)voice(悦耳的声音:嗓子)Lucy has a sweet _ . That
8、 _ like a good idea.Dont make _ . The baby is sleeping.10 .look like (外貌看起来像 )be like ( 性格像 ) Lily _ _ Lucy 。 Oh , they are twins. Tony _ _ a monkey because he is cute and playful .11 . take to 带去bringto 带来fetch 没有方向性(强调来回) Tony 。 _ the ball here 。Please. My father often _ me _ concerts on Sundays.
9、_ your homework _ school tomorrow.12. 一些 : some 用于肯定句any 用于否定句和疑问句 Id like _ milk. Would you like _ yogurt ?_ Thanks . I dont want _ . 在一般疑问句中,认为对方的答案会是肯定的,或期望得到对方肯定回答时,也用some。13. 多少 : How many修饰可数名词复数How much 修饰不可数名词 _ juice do you want ? _ apples do you want ?- _is the T-shirt ? Its 30 yuan 。 How
10、much可对价钱提问:How much are the potatoes ?14. 看 :see 强调看的结果look ( at ) 不及物动词,强调看的动作watch 观看:比赛、电视、表演、电影read 读,朗读:看书、看报、看信、看杂志Dont_ in bed. We will _ a basketball game this evening. Please _ the blackboard. Everyone. I _ a bird in the tree yesterday.On Saturday night. I saw an interesting talk show.On Sa
11、turday evening. several kids watched a movie. watch a movie =go to a movie15. stop doing sth 停止做某事 Please stop talking stop to do sth 停下来去做别的事 The girl soon stopped _ (cry ). He was tired and stopped _ (have ) a rest.16. forget / remember后接不定式表示未发生的动作:forget / remember to do sth(忘记/记得去做某事) He forgot
12、 to turn off the light.(没有做关灯的动作) Remember to go to the post office after school.orget / remember 后接ving表示已发生的动作:forget / remember doing sth(忘记/记得做过某事) He forgot turningoff the light 。(已做过关灯的动作) Dont you remember seeing the man before ?17. 到达 reach + 地点get to + 地点 reach = get toarrive + in + 大地点arri
13、ve + at + 小地点 He reached London yesterday . = He _ to London yesterday . = He _ in London yesterday. She arrived _ the bus station just now . You should _ ( get ) home on time. 当get to和 arrive at /in后接地点副词时,都不加介词。如:get home get there 省略 to18. 擅长,在方面做得好 : be good at = do well in She is good at chemis
14、try . = She _ _ _ chemistry. Niuniu is good at _ the violin. = Niuniu _ well in _ the violin. Lucy and Lily are twin girls . Lucy is better _ dancing than Lily , but Lily _ _ in singing than Lucy.19. win ( 赢得 )接a game、 war 、a match、 a prizebeat( 打败、战胜 )接运动员、球队、对手等。 Which team _ the football match ?
15、Wang Hao _ Ma Lin and _ the champion of the Mens Singles.20. 借 borrow sth. from sb = borrow sb. sth 向某人借某物 borrow借入lend sth. to sb = lend sb. sth把某物借给某人 lend 借出keep延续性动词 ,与一段时间连用。 Can you lend me your bike ? = Can you _ your bike _ me ? You can borrow some money _ your brother. = You can borrow your
16、brother _ _. - How long can I _ the book ?- You can _ it for two weeks. 类似用法的还有:buy have put on wear become beleave be away from open be open begin be ondie be dead return be back become He has _ a doctor.He has _ a doctor for 10 years. begin The film has _.he film has _ for ten minutes.21.能,会。be ab
17、le to,can 情态动词后面都接动词原形。 We should _ able to finish the work tomorrow. I can _ (play) the guitar 。 He _ able to play chess.22. too many 太多 修饰可数名词复数 I have too many rules in my house.too much 太多 修饰不可数名词 Maybe you have too much yin.much too太 后跟形容词或副词原级 This coat is much too expensive. Eating _ _ is bad
18、 for your health. Its _ _cold today. Youd better not go out.There are_ _ students in the hallways. Its dangerous.23. have / has been to 去过某地 He has been to Beijing. (现在不在北京)have / has gone to 去了某地 He has gone to Beijing. (现在可能在北京,或在去北京的途中)have/hasbeen in / at在某地I have ever _ _ America twice. He has
19、_ _ Beijing for ten years. Where is your brother ?- He_ _ to Hainan. _ you ever _ _ Disneyland ?24. used to do sth.过去常做某事 This river used to be very clean .be(get)used to doing sth.习惯于做某事 Im not used to getting up early.be used to do sth = be used for doing sth. 被用于做某事 Pens are used for writing. Xia
20、oGang _ _ _ afraid of the dark. Thebroom is _ _ clean the room. = The broom is _ _ cleaning the room. He _ _ _ living countryside 。There is fresh air and sweet well. Wood _ _ _ making paper.25. belong to + 名词 / 人称代词宾格 (属于)be + 名词所有格 / 名词性物主代词 (是)It must _ Nings .= It must _ Ning. The pencil must be
21、_ (my) . = The pencil must belong to _ (my). This ball _ to me .= This ball is _.26. cant 不可能 0表示推测、判断 could/might 也许、可能 50 80must 肯定、一定 100 The CD _ belong to Tony . because he likes listening to music. The notebook _ be mine . It has my name on it. The toy _ be my grandpa . After all .He is an old
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