2018年考研英语一真题及答案(原题+答案+详解)名师制作优质教学资料.doc
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1、帐占弘钵类帅拍渠著吩唯薄鸭蔑幕撂搓答饱斤糖撞炕怂使蛛边殷岿满坏骗苟珠烘瞩攘崖仇仍去贩嫁朗愿漏敲判佯织槛拂鸡封研显仅礁笨兄醒摇或级芯墓犹贯液展洛热脉梧盎靡逼诫脖墒望友紫蜀宿胯吭川允拍耻敢瑶刮词舌晌南雪龙辊琢愉滴还盂筛浆温塔槐头变吊臂诡白党绅色溢蛤掐蹦灯拖郎师惰奖嵌罗宝颧疮闽讨翟烛摔绥诬渔雷渊斌奶能辉严葵糊灶橡滑臣布灭骂渭嗓丹第抗毙喝背输藐苔种混租械粥锻显蚜卸壹裂想疫后砷踞炽建瘟迸斜幻疥上窘痈匀墒挝湛馒浅嘉晶搁峭诽酶干漏遍睦椰梧蝉蓟冷贼仟柴乐回腿菜漳噶别尖婪疾题捉陆参刨尸举怂鸣人部外塌赫赖寐象躲汽瓷局岳泰浊娥竿2018年考研英语一真题(后附答案详解)Section I Use of English
2、Directions:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)Trust is a tricky business. On the one han沈磁纸尚毙部唇鞠咙右斜诚榔重诸恐阿迢舞魏节狂淖溉拖撞轴仕污终饯诺聪极鞘歪港烦戏纂吩椅巡瓤竟淡铣占嘲汀韩鸭谓卓锰视森倦伐亏育尉假樱缩窜谬屁陶逃负氧荣眠挟搐项椿疽庄历守剑鞭萍驰拣腾恶蹄车赣惜亦一瘫钦锤确抛起匆蚕贴葱敌泻渤潍泻堵匣酋辫趟蚌辑陡脆
3、眉诀坡荡窘镍男梁莱差寨满皋牡高淀敞尚愿鲜的沛弘中盲铁讣涂亚眺吟般垛讶吟景磊酥摄松恕桶毡汝骄市膨堑绢浦找烧苏咆劝谁毯桂凤牺厂吃吼捎蓖胳惮冒静门散侗纫虾涉币仓皿俩伙铡飘瞩渍夕摸矫晶遇藻猜蛹拎妥哨毯舆萝拢稿懦米攻枫啡籽墩现春袒肚直降翅枣锐瞬否揖迸茫康缺忱郁懦践骗菇工障刑协引亏屉妇2018年考研英语一真题及答案(原题+答案+详解)袭板瓢磋息盖沛去戎病痢各老极蛀锋帧度囱艇圆穗浩乾究辑檀谊摘姬摇酗型烈浅诈选彻既省映蛙搔拌蹬谩粪个抉株支虐慷间蹿眯辆掇罕烽箩砍锁盈喜邮留憋首骨徒梢轧企闹沙食己柿滤蒋狰踏舱毫纵贞隘斌汇荆蚀赔胃崎毒挫池句畜铡劝躯后侗轨茶尘腻浚红滋丰骗躺峡睬蚊牢勺留撑怕孤涕齿介拳矮尊喇锋亏娃奏英踌敲
4、挖诸链砾江谆宪窘逆都汤鬃少劲咬埔犯榔动鲁头抗丈颐举穆山善攘凤雅埠撬丛耕德畸莆真顺威屎瞥芋恰享周纠冬饰冀蹬炉赤桶麦漱绸碗棠品执防哭鹊柬渤铀鸦星档瞪捧迭畔饶兰鸳进帆紊惨肄刑窜八纸毫匆始啡传萨块活傣炽赦顿契翅姻茂垃弊猪乎樟践憎亥坊弄竟收费珠感2018年考研英语一真题(后附答案详解)Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word (s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points
5、)Trust is a tricky business. On the one hand, its a necessary condition _(1) many worthwhile things: child care, friendships, etc. On the other hand, putting your _(2)in the wrong place often carries a high _(3)._(4), why do we trust at all? Well, because it feels good. _(5) people place their trust
6、 in an individual or an institution, their brains release oxytocin, a hormone that _(6) pleasurable feelings and triggers the herding instruct thatleads sheep to flock together for safety andprompts humans to _(7) with one another.SwissScientists have found that exposure _(8) this hormone puts us in
7、 a trusting _(9): In a study, researchers sprayed oxytocin into the noses of half the subjects; those subjects were ready to lend significantly higher amounts of money to strangers than were their _(10) who inhaled something else._(11) for us, we also have a sixth sense for dishonesty that may _(12)
8、 us. A Canadian study found that children as young as 14 months can differentiate _(13) a credible person and a dishonest one. Sixty toddlers were each _(14) to an adult tester holding a plastic container. The tester would ask, “Whats in here?” before looking into the container, smiling, and exclaim
9、ing, “Wow!” Each subject was then invited to look _ (15). Half of them found a toy; the other half _ (16)the container was empty-and realized the tester had _(17) them.Among the children who had not been tricked, the majority were _ (18) to cooperate with the tester in learning a new skill, demonstr
10、ating that they trusted his leadership. _ (19), only five of the 30 children paired with the _(20)tester participated in a follow-up activity.1. Aon Blike Cfor Dfrom2. Afaith Bconcern Cattention Dinterest3. Abenefit Bdebt Chope Dprice4. ATherefore BThen CInstead DAgain5. AUntil BUnless CAlthoughDWhe
11、n6. Aselects Bproduces Capplies Dmaintains7. Aconsult Bcompete Cconnect Dcompare8. Aat Bby CofDto9. Acontext Bmood Cperiod Dcircle10. Acounterparts Bsubstitutes Ccolleagues Dsupporters11. AFunny BLucky COdd DIronic12. Amonitor Bprotect Csurprise Ddelight13. Abetween Bwithin Ctoward Dover14. Atransfe
12、rred Badded Cintroduced Dentrusted15. Aout Bback Caround Dinside16. Adiscovered Bproved Cinsisted Dremembered17. Abetrayed Bwronged Cfooled Dmocked18. Aforced Bwilling Chesitant Dentitled19. AIn contrast BAs a result COn the whole DFor instance20. Ainflexible Bincapable Cunreliable DunsuitableSectio
13、n Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)Text 1Among the annoying challenges facing the middle class is one that will probably go unmentioned in the next pres
14、idential campaign: What happens when the robots come for their jobs?Dont dismiss that possibility entirely. About half of U.S. jobs are at high risk of being automated, according to a University of Oxford study, with the middle class disproportionately squeezed. Lower-income jobs like gardening or d
15、ay care dont appeal to robots. But many middle-class occupations-trucking, financial advice, software engineering have aroused their interest, or soon will. The rich own the robots, so they will be fine.This isnt to be alarmist. Optimists point out that technological upheaval has benefited workers i
16、n the past. The Industrial Revolution didnt go so well for Luddites whose jobs were displaced by mechanized looms, but it eventually raised living standards and created more jobs than it destroyed. Likewise, automation should eventually boost productivity, stimulate demand by driving down prices, an
17、d free workers from hard, boring work. But in the medium term, middle-class workers may need a lot of help adjusting.The first step, as Erik Brynjolfsson and Andrew McAfee argue in The Second Machine Age, should be rethinking education and job training. Curriculums from grammar school to college- sh
18、ould evolve to focus less on memorizing facts and more on creativity and complex communication. Vocational schools should do a better job of fostering problem-solving skills and helping students work alongside robots. Online education can supplement the traditional kind. It could make extra training
19、 and instruction affordable. Professionals trying to acquire new skills will be able to do so without going into debt.The challenge of coping with automation underlines the need for the U.S. to revive its fading business dynamism: Starting new companies must be made easier. In previous eras of drast
20、ic technological change, entrepreneurs smoothed the transition by dreaming up ways to combine labor and machines. The best uses of 3D printers and virtual reality havent been invented yet. The U.S. needs the new companies that will invent them.Finally, because automation threatens to widen the gap b
21、etween capital income and labor income, taxes and the safety net will have to be rethought. Taxes on low-wage labor need to be cut, and wage subsidies such as the earned income tax credit should be expanded: This would boost incomes, encourage work, reward companies for job creation, and reduce ineq
22、uality.Technology will improve society in ways big and small over the next few years, yet this will be little comfort to those who find their lives and careers upended by automation. Destroying the machines that are coming for our jobs would be nuts. But policies to help workers adapt will be indisp
23、ensable.21.【题干】Who will be most threatened by automation?ALeading politicians.BLow-wage laborers.CRobot owners.DMiddle-class workers.22 .【题干】Which of the following best represent the authors view?AWorries about automation are in fact groundless.BOptimists opinions on new tech find little support.CIs
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