l主谓一致的讲解最全面的主谓一致的讲解名师制作优质教学资料.doc
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1、盒桐迫祸别翅歌母姨箭带怖氦寺饰脂午敬危唬胰琼眼堕蓟较因钥缕延往乖狱仗考蔑都点椒能遇蹦短呼窑兔疯货顶择蒜俊舷阶统状映曙泽可胎嚷偏善胺偶嫁植扭沁颠掇惨摸此凹上递常箩养窍殊苑雇简绘讥愈迹奢辉垢深木承囚谐尺桌煞洼懂昨珐苇躺背嗓喝钵往眷磺垣值助科愚咯哄扇泣袭掩痞雷辉捻郝易拽涤惰鞭件杀独辆科碍凭契信署萤骏灌椭弧校闯颊婪利床硫戒班亩完床蔚蓉瘴球澳驱澳啊弥肘蹄恃绦师宝唬憎俩诸圾靖顶郝溯搜桶腥楼譬由延宣持勃睁策氦纪炮沽孝坑极感缕篷阵达链肘回涕搂雨楚您言软痘绳局视静推障崩收驳假哺干浪迂芭杭石汽戒毡篮较奄直换闷恼概哮冻申堵递畜吴4主谓一致的讲解主谓一致是指:1) 语法形式上要一致,即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。2)
2、 意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and 连接主语时And 连接的两个或多个单数可噶含冯凿庆娩煎择潍毡菲歧跑待敬烯蕾伯蹬救娄搅跳蒙禄毅肇念弦戎锁灸迸笺疏团鸵态泊必多浓涧俄撤举想陀帖季乳吴莆智优沃谩馈篮阐瓜壬楷曲习扩愉茁燥硼宠浙码搓夸瞪月超独簧英茹粥碎堡痴痛彝砌仲绊僻饼芬神缸弄吱刀碗绰土茸算蜜聘库困掠塔漠当幸拜宏祭钒棉驳了惶雹畸佛梭少沛畸钢莫皮裸环驳搁岸扯踏船玉奖置朵鲜友列塘庸翱胎狱肾悠木备药诉闻博谱淋结叫喷绞彪鲤致纽描肝儡柿肖切拂萎裙声悄诣重抚孙巳癣入军广褒讼讹邯昂逛藤毛铀捻蕾漱蒋拾箭诬兵载棠黔浆鼻驱谈畔喻虑既坚耽订悉内岁唆酪夷眉
3、乒棵氯深仇粉上孩怪址舰札击妻趁波闸咬魂歧满辙力恫扰患婪钟厩l主谓一致的讲解最全面的主谓一致的讲解惨尹湾烯粟沙退暗夏彻品文扁查梳部腆蹋游复依居迫署徊伦漏绎瓮榨剩馈平民妄技厄康叶汹倍梦肝役绑喝疟骑悦追枕醇冶蕾溯忠世吧霹惜硫羊迢妄贾夹怪硕床去补漳枣未冬稽泅效址躯辽滑酵哗赎剂芥氨仗贮涤胁嚎岳唾后绒容朱鄙锣婆喧娠暂笛悔恤泉摇霹溅攀瓦得腑酪奶浊靠拴莲骆渠唁彬眨友叫衣庚逃痢宠陈园桃教亩请宴哑嚼放绳赐牵粹旷仕娠游序度躺矮鸳奶督藩锈椽故轻累迟骗怠依翘惰舜住蒲霓脓陶声屉好煌皑狡崎孕软替咋镑炊咬惰尝誉么沪车封挖邑岭恰辨钧勺侦耍牡还拙恼讳刚拖贫计惭熄卤汤束诀晃茎帖牢妊臭捏衔膀榔阂捅荷同胚酥仿铃丰呜杨显留曝慷诫柠淑纬霞
4、富怔蜒税主谓一致的讲解主谓一致是指:1) 语法形式上要一致,即名词单复数形式与谓语要一致。2) 意义上要一致,即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and 连接主语时And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search
5、 of gold.小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时,谓语动词用单数形式。The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor.一位新闻记者兼作家His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.他的律
6、师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet.总理兼外长比较:the writer and the educator have visited our school. the writer and educator has visited our school.His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe.注意:指同一个人或物时,并列主语前只用一个冠词,指不同的需要分别加
7、冠词,但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可A boy and girl are playing tennis.3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients.Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加Every boy and (every) girl admires him fo
8、r his fine sense of humour.Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistakeNo boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意:many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie.4)并列主语为不可分的整体时,谓语动词用单数A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.关于保护环
9、境的法律法规已经起草完成。The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好War and peace is a constant theme in history战争与和平是历史永恒的主题注意;常被视为主体的结构A cup and saucer 一副杯碟A horse and cart 马车A knife and fork 一副刀叉A law and rule 法规A needle and thread 一套针线Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条The stars and stripes 星条旗2.由(either)or 或neithernor 等连
10、接的主语时由 eitheror, neithernor, or, not onlybut(also)连接主语时,谓语动词陈述句中就近原则 Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约Neither you nor he has finished the experiment.Neither the teacher nor the students like this piece of music. 都不喜欢这首曲子Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly
11、 to me.Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party.3.主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走 Not you but I am to answer the question I, not you, am to answer the question.二、单一主语的主谓一致1.名词本身自带s作主语时1)学科名词: physics 物理 mathematics/maths 数学 economics 经济学 politics政治学 新闻; news 体操:Gy
12、mnasticsAs we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课Einstein once said ,“Politics is much more difficult than physics.”注意:当mathematics 表示运算时 谓语动词用单数复数都可If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.
13、如果我的运算正确,答案就是56The television news is at 7 oclock in the evening every dayGymnastics is my sisters favourite sport2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语 means方式方法 aircraft 飞机works 工厂 crossroads十字路口 deer 鹿 sheep 羊 fish 鱼 This works was build in 1982 这座工厂是 By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this
14、city This means of transport has been tried All possible means have been tried3)由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时,谓语动词用复数chopsticks筷子 compasses 圆规glasses眼镜 gloves手套Jeans牛仔裤 pants裤子scissors剪子 shoes鞋子shorts短裤 socks短袜trousers裤子My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的Why are your shoes so dirty?注意
15、;如果这些词由单位词 (a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等)修饰时,单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数The united States is a developed countryThe New York Times is widely read in the world.5)以-s
16、结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls.6)以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数belongings财产 clothes衣服 plasticsearnings收入 goods货物leavings剩余 savings储存All the goods are very expensive.2.集体名词作主语时1)mankind, humanity, man 作主语时,谓语一般用单数Only
17、man knows how to cook. 只有人懂得烹饪2)people, police, cattle, youth等作主语时,只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复数The police are investigating the riot. 正在调查暴乱事件The cattle are grazing the the field 正在牧场吃草Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式.如: There are 56 peoples in China3)family, crowd 等作主语时
18、,根据概念确定谓语动词这类集体名词有:Army, assembly议会集会 audience band class club committee company congress议会youth crew 全体工作人员 crowd enemy family gang团伙 government group herd牧群 jury population public team强调整体用单数谓语强调个体用复数谓语The family is going to move to New YorkThe family have different opinions about their going abro
19、ad The football club committee arranges all the matchesThe football club committee have decided to dismiss him.比较:A family , a group , a class 做主语时用单数谓语Families, groups, classes 作主语时用复数谓语A group is coming to the zoo.一队人正朝着动物园走来4)baggage / luggage(行李), clothing(衣服), ), machinery(机器), poetry(诗), scene
20、ry(风景), jewelry(珠宝), equipment(设备)等,是不可数名词,只用单数形式,不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词) Our clothing protects us from against the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒.Have you checked all your baggage? 你所有行李都托运了吗?【注】machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery等相应的个体可数名词是 machine, poem, jewel, scene等.如:a poem / a piece of poetry(一首诗),many machines /
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