厦深铁路箱梁架设梁下施工工况.doc

厦深铁路箱梁架设梁下施工工况一、施工工况1、 施工前准备在架桥机没有桥头就位前，必须把所有工器具都要制作完成。梁下工作主要有两方面；一是千斤顶的操作，二是灌浆。千斤顶操作所需要的工器具：一般用70100MPA的千斤顶八个，对应四个液压油泵（主要是用作箱梁的调整），在下导梁后支腿横梁上制作平台（便于放置千斤顶液压油泵），下导梁主梁后下方两侧焊结吊耳（倒运千斤顶吊点），并挂两个23吨的手拉葫芦，制作一部四轮推拉式12吨电动葫芦（倒运千斤顶时吊起，放置在小推车上），两部80*100CM的四首尾轮小推车（倒运千斤顶），12块400*400*20的钢板(以防落梁时千斤顶的量程不够）。灌浆所用工器具：800*800的灌浆模板四副（用L50*50的角钢制作），小型拌浆机三台以及配套的灌浆管，养护毛毡若干，3cm双面胶若干。另外还需准备1719的小扳手，小铁锤，线垂，水平尺，钢卷尺等。2 架桥机成待架梁状态时梁下工况2.1千斤顶的就位当架梁机成待架梁状态时，将人员分成2组，每组3人，分别负责前后两个墩台的施工作业。预架梁后端，在千斤顶下垫几根Ø10圆钢并利用撬杠挪动千斤顶向前至预架梁垫石纵向中心线处且距垫石约12cm，连接油管，油泵通电后进行千斤顶的顶升，用水平尺将千斤顶顶面调平，顶升的高度为千斤顶顶面与垫石面之间的高度H，且H梁面设计高程垫石实测高程箱梁的高度。预架梁前端，利用手拉葫芦将下导梁后端吊着的两千斤顶放下，并按照预架梁后端同样的方法就位。千斤顶就位完毕。作业要求：千斤顶横向中线与垫石所画纵向中线对齐，千斤顶边缘距垫石边约12）。千斤顶就位后，将400×400mm2的钢板放置于千斤顶上，连接千斤顶与油泵油管。利用水平尺将千斤顶上的钢板用铁捶调平，根据已测的垫石的高程调整千斤顶的高程，确保两钢板的表面保持在同一水平面上。作业方法：开动液压油泵电机正转位置，打开油泵进油阀及千斤顶进油管上的节流调速阀，同时顶升千斤顶并观察两千斤顶升速度是否一致，若不一致，调节千斤顶附近的进油节流调速阀，也可以分别进行顶升，达到预定高度后停止，关闭压力表以后的所有阀门。在顶升的过程中，连接好的千斤顶，油管等连接处不得漏油，顶升过程中油缸行程不得超过其行程范围。2.2 灌浆前的准备千斤顶就位符合要求后清理垫石表面及锚孔并湿润，最后用毛毡盖在垫石的表面上，防止杂物进入。清理模板，并在模板上根据实际情况贴双面胶若干层，在模板内侧用毛刷涂脱模剂（机油等），并且拼好模板放于垫石面上，等待箱梁的就位。3 箱梁的就位调整时梁下工况3.1 当箱梁下落至距垫石1.5m左右的高度时，分别进行对四个橡支座锚碇棒安装，四个橡胶支座为定向、横向、纵向和万向支座，其中万向的为小锚碇棒，其它为大的锚碇棒。拆掉锚栓螺栓，将螺栓穿过锚碇板上的预留孔并与套筒连接。3.2安装完毕锚碇棒时，箱梁继续下落到锚栓底部快要接触垫石面时，停止下落，一般情况下，由于主梁前比后要高出一点，所以后面的锚栓底部先要接触垫石面，调整后吊梁横纵移装置使锚栓对准垫石面上的锚栓孔，前吊梁继续下落到锚栓底部快要接触垫石面时调整。前后吊梁两点同时下落，注意观察支座不能压到模板。3.3当箱梁底面落至千斤顶顶面约1cm时停止，利用后吊梁的左右单起单落和千斤顶的顶升调整后端两侧梁底面与千斤顶高度，确保相差不大，利用线锤检查前端两支座中心线与垫石上的十字线之间的偏差，如果有偏差，利用前吊梁的横纵移来调整。调整完前吊梁后对后吊梁进行调整，横向以上一片梁做为基准，偏差不超过1cm，纵向以前端为主。调整好后，支座中心与墩台垫石十字线的横向偏差小于等于1，纵向小于等于1.5。支座螺栓中心位置偏差小于等于2，同一端两支座横向中心线间的相对错位小于等于5，同一端两支座纵向中线间的距离（误差与桥梁设计中线对称）为-10+30，（不对称时）为-10+15，梁体中心线与线路设计中线的偏移小于等于±2）。3.4 箱梁继续下落，当前端千斤顶压力为5MPA左右时停止下落，前端千斤顶两边压力调平，后吊梁继续下落，直到不受力为止，然后前吊梁下落，由于TLJ900型架桥机具有四点起吊三点平衡的特点，所以在落梁时确保双吊点先落，为防止箱梁受扭。在落梁过程中，观察各压力表读数，并测量支座灌浆厚度。3.5当箱梁全部落于千斤顶上时，仔细观察四个千斤顶上压力表的读数，同时用钢卷尺测量橡胶支座底面与垫石的距离即灌浆层厚度，结合两个数据对个千斤顶的水平度进行初步的调整。与梁面人员勾通，观察梁面后端与上一片梁的目视高差，根据实际情况进行调整。确保灌浆层保持在23cm，每个千斤顶压力表读数达35MPA左右,并与四个读数的平均值之差不超过±5。完毕后梁面测量人员对箱梁面上四个角点（各支座对应处的点）的实际高程进行测量，测出梁面的四个高程点以及上一片梁的前端两个点的高程，分别编号，然后测出前后端两个垫石的后视点。前或后端的后视点高程+垫石的实测高程梁面的对应高程梁面的高程，算出的高程与设计高程进行对比，其偏差不超过0-20mm。根据所得的数据对箱梁再次精确调整，直到满足要求。3.6然后关闭所有阀门，进行保压，拆除吊具，并将其用绳索拉至梁面。4 灌浆4.1当箱梁调整完毕后进行灌浆，根据锚栓孔的大小决定灌浆料的多少，采用重力灌浆的方式，一般情况下用两个拌浆机分别进行前后灌浆。梁下人员进行模板的固定，确保浆不能外漏。拌浆时水灰比为1：0.17，当天气不同时可以视情况略为调整水灰比，保证均匀性和流动性。梁下人员一边灌浆一边进行振捣，从一点进行放料，放料完毕后还要进行各个锚栓孔的振捣，检查是否有漏浆的现象，如有及时堵住即可。4.2灌浆完毕后进行千斤顶的倒运，后方的两个千斤顶用电动葫芦吊至两个小推车上，小推车推至下导梁后方，利用做好的吊勾挂住手拉葫芦吊千斤顶于下导梁后支腿上放好，等待灌的凝固。4.3当灌凝固后，即表面看起来发白后拆除模板，卸除支座的连接片，用毛毡进行保养，千斤顶卸压，准备过孔。5 养护工作和防落梁挡块的安装养护工作每天都得进行，每隔4小时一次，要保证砂浆表面保持湿润，养护龄期为7至14天。防落梁挡块的安装也需及时完成，用手拉葫芦及钢筋制成的吊具的吊钩穿入挡块的螺栓孔内，拉动葫芦起吊挡块，将其移至梁间空隙，将特制的小车放置与垫石内侧、梁间空隙下后，下落挡块于小车上，卸下吊具。移动装有万向轮的小车使挡块与梁底预埋钢板准确对位，然后用扳手将螺栓上紧（必要时可对挡块螺栓施焊，防止挡块被盗）。撤走小车，准备下一挡块的安装。以上为正常架梁时梁下施工的全部工况1、 过连续梁时梁下施工工况在架设末孔梁时，先将两千斤顶用吊机吊到地面上，与下导梁前后支腿同步进行，架完末孔梁时，将所有的小工器具都倒运到下导梁走台上，四个千斤顶和两个油泵全部倒运到墩台的护栏平台上，割掉护栏的一边钢筋，用吊机慢慢吊下放于平板车上，与下导梁前后支腿一同运到前端墩台上就位。前端就位时，后面墩台放两个千斤顶一个油泵，前面放四个千斤顶一个油泵。二、过路基时梁下的施工工况与过连续梁基本相同（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of comprehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the < code > adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; < rule > around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as "negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the" bottom line ". Here, the main from four square face two party rules of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified the main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. < code > and < Regulations > revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest politics several guidelines > and < Chinese Communist Party discipline and Punishment Regulations > column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the party's leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the < code > and < rule >, reflects the party's 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the party's eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of < the ICAC guidelines > in < in 1997 Leaders as members of the Communist Party of China clean politics certain criteria (Trial) > based on revised, the promulgation and implementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, "eight prohibition, 52 are not allowed to" hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations repeat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to "clean" the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. < rule > is in 1997 < Chinese Communist Party disciplinary cases (Trial) > based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to strengthen the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other countries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for the leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to < the criterion of a clean and honest administration > and < rule > the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations < > made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) secretary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and October 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment concentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, < code > and < Regulations > revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the party's eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi Jinping important instructions on the revised < low political criterion > and < Regulations >, highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent < rule > and < rule >. Main principle is: first, adhere to the party constitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that "no rules, no side round. Party constitution is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules, but also the general rules." the revision of the < code > and < rule > is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue "de", mainly refers to the party's ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional style. The revised the < code > closely linked to the "self-discipline", insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the "vital few", emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised < > Ji method separately, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a "negative list", emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requirements, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly defined, especially the party's eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the < code > and < rule > modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) < code > < code > adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals in combination, for at the present stage, the leadership of the party members and cadres and Party members in existing main problems of self-discipline, put forward principles, requirements and specifications, showing Communists noble moral pursuit, reflected at all times and in all over the world ethics from high from low 5 common requirements. One is closely linked to the "self-discipline", removal and no direct relation to the provisions of . the second is adhere to a positive advocate, "eight prohibition" 52 are not allowed to "about the content of the" negative list moved into synchronization amendment < cases >. Three is for all the party members, will apply object from the leadership of the party members and cadres to expand to all Party members, fully embodies the comprehensive strictly required. The fourth is prominent key minority, seize the leadership of the party members and cadres is the key, and put forward higher requirements than the ordinary Party members. Five is to simplify, and strive to achieve concise, easy to understand, easy to remember. The revised < code > is the ruling Party since the first insists on a positive advocate forAll Party members and the self-discipline norms, moral declaration issued to all members of the party and the National People's solemn commitment. > < criterion of a clean and honest administration consists of 4 parts, 18, more than 3600 words. After the revision of the < code >, a total of eight, 281 words, including lead, specification and Party member cadre clean fingered self-discipline norms, etc. Part 3 members low-cost clean and self-discipline, the main contents can be summarized as "four must" "eight code". Lead part, reiterated on ideal and faith, fundamental purpose, the fine traditions and work style, noble sentiments, such as "four must" the principle of requirements, strong tone of self-discipline, The higher request for 6 and supervised tenet, the foothold in permanent Bao the party's advanced nature