2015二级建造师考试试题《公路工程管理与实务》真题答案.doc

2015二级建造师考试试题公路工程管理与实务真题答案一、单项选择题1【题干】石方填筑路堤的工艺流程中包括：分层填筑；检测签认；震动碾压；路基整休；路基成型；摊铺平整。其中正确的顺序是（）。ABCD【答案】B2【题干】某三级公路的一个控制点的标示为BM5，根据公路勘测细图（JTG/TC102007），该控制点是（）。A水准点B平面控制点C曲线主点D爆破边界控制点【答案】A3【题干】软土地区路地填筑时，在软土层顶面铺砂垫层的主要作用是（）。A浅层水平排水B扩散应力分布C减少沉降量D防冻胀【答案】A4下列水泥混凝土路面填缝料中，属于加热施工式填缝料的是（）。A沥青橡胶类B聚氨乙烯胶泥类C硅塑胶类D氯丁橡胶泥类【标准答案】A【名师解析】本题考查的是填缝料。常温施工式填缝料主要有聚（氨）酯、硅树脂类，氯丁橡胶、沥青橡胶类等。加热施工式填缝料主要有沥青玛碲脂类、橡胶类或改性沥青类等。5【题干】沥青路面透层施工中，透层油洒布后待充分渗透，一般不少于（）后才能摊铺上层。A12hB24hC36hD48h【答案】B6 【题干】某简支空心板梁桥桥面高2175m，板厚60cm，桥面铺装厚12cm，设计洪水位标高165m，施工水位标高1225m，低水位标高78m，则该桥梁高度为（）m。A525B95C1323D1395【答案】D7【题干】桥梁浅挖基坑施工中，当土质较差且有较严重流沙现象时，宜采用（）排水。A井点B集水坑C板桩法D帷幕法【答案】A8 【题干】浇筑箱梁混凝土时，对箱梁腹板与底板及顶板连接处的承托部位，不适合采用的振捣设备（）。A插入式振动器B附着式振动器C平板式振动器D振捣帮【答案】D9【题干】明洞主要分为拱式明洞和（）明洞两大类。A端墙式B棚室C环框式D遮光式【答案】B10【题干】隧道浅埋段施工严禁采用的方法是（）。A单侧壁导坑法B双侧壁导坑法C全断面法D留核心土开挖法【答案】C11【题干】护栏按结构可分为缆索护栏、波形梁护栏、混凝土护栏等，其中，波形梁护栏板又分为双波和（）两种。A半波B单波C三波D四波【答案】C12在工程管理曲线中，当实际支付线低于计划线时，表明（）。A进度延误B进度提前C成本节约D成本超支【标准答案】A【名师解析】本题考查的是工程进度计划的编制。实际支付线高于计划线则实际进度快于计划，否则慢。参见教材P15513【题干】工程质量评分应以（）为单元，采用百分制进行。A单项工程B单位工程C分部工程D分项工程【答案】D14【题干】危险源的风险评价通常采用DL×E×C来进行判断，该种方法称为（）。A头脑风暴法B德尔菲法C作业条件危险性评价法D事故树法【答案】C15【题干】关于沥青路面施工安全要求的说法，错误的是（）。A施工现场应配有医务人员B摊铺时，摊铺机下坡严禁换挡，上坡可换挡C不许站在运输车后用铣等工具往下捅沥青混合料D可用柴油清洗摊铺机【答案】D16根据公路工程标准施工招标文件，以下情形不会作为废标的是（）A投标报价或调整函中报价超过招标人公布的投标控制价上限B投标文件字迹潦草、模糊、无法辨认C投标报价大写金额与小写金额不相符，但投标人同意修正D投标人未在投标函上填写投标总价。【标准答案】C【名师解析】本题考查的是公路工程施工招标投标管理的相关规定。选项ABD都是废标的情形。参见教材P217、P31017【题干】根据公路工程施工分包管理办法，分包工程最初的支付申请应由价在合同约定的时间，向乙报送该阶段施工的付款申请单，上述甲乙分别为（）。A甲为分包人，乙为承包人B甲为承保人，乙为监理C甲为分包人，乙为监理D甲为承包人，乙为业主【答案】A18【题干】水泥混凝土拌和站原材料料仓的容量应满足（）。A24h连续施工的需要B周最大浇筑量的需要C月最大浇筑量的需要D最大单批次连续施工的需要【答案】D19【题干】关于“平安工地”考核评价的说法，错误的是（）。A考核评价应遵循“分级管理，属地负责”的原则B考核评价结果分为优秀、达标、不达标三个等级C考核评价结果纳入企业安全生产信用记录D施工单位对考核评价结果负主体责任【答案】B20【题干】某工程项目发生了工程质量事故，造成2人死亡，直接经济损失600万元，该事故的等级是（）。A一级一般质量事故B一级重大质量事故C二级重大质量事故D三级重大质量事故【答案】C二、多项选择题21【题干】路基边缘压实不足的预防措施有（）。A超宽填筑B增加路基边缘带压实遍数C放缓填筑边坡横坡度D确保段落搭接超压长度E路基边缘填料选用高塑性指数的粘土【答案】ABD22排除滑坡体地下水的设施有（）A支撑渗沟B边坡渗沟C树枝状排水沟D平孔E暗沟【标准答案】ABDE【名师解析】本题考查的是滑坡防治的工程措施。排除地下水的方法较多，有支撑渗沟、边坡渗沟、暗沟、平孔等。参见教材P2223【题干】关于沥青混凝土路面中封层作用的说法，正确的有（）。A封闭某一层，起保水、防水作用B增加基层的整体强调和厚度C起基层与沥青表层之间的过渡和有效联结作用D起路的某一层表面破坏离析松散处的加固补强作用E沥青层面铺筑前要临时开放交通，防止基层因天气或车辆作用出现水毁【答案】ACDE24【题干】沉井下沉施工质量检验的主要内容包括（）。A平面扭转角B沉井下沉速度C沉井混凝土强度D沉井刃脚底面标高E沉井的最大纵、横向倾斜度【答案】ACDE25【题干】关于人工挖孔桩施工要求的说法，正确的有（）。A孔口处护圈应与地面齐平B挖孔桩施工应按桩号顺序一次开挖C施工前应制定安全专项施工方案D井孔内电缆应为防水绝缘电缆，照明电压不应大于36VE挖孔作业时，应经常检查孔内情况【答案】CDE26【题干】预制拼装连续箱梁桥的预应力钢绞线下斜长度，应根据张拉千斤顶长度、张拉伸长值，弹性回缩值以及（）计算确定。A台座长度B预制梁节段长度C结构的预应力孔道长度D锚夹具厚度E钢绞线外露长度【答案】ACE27【题干】山岭隧道施工常用的方法有（）。A新奥法B盖挖法C沉管法D掘进机法E传统矿山法【答案】ADE28施工组织设计中，施工总体部署的主要内容有（）。A建立施工管理机构B划分各参与单位的施工任务C制定主要分项工程的施工方案D安排施工顺序E制定资源需求计划【标准答案】ABD【名师解析】本题考查的是施工组织设计的编制。施工总体部署的主要内容有：建立施工管理机构、施工任务划分、施工顺序。参见教材P15329、关于隧道施工安全技术要求的说法，正确的有（）。A所有隧道施工前都要制定控制地质超前预报方案和实施细则B爆破器材管理人员必须穿防静电服装C炮眼打好后要立即装药D同一辆汽车运送炸药和雷管时必须隔开一定距离摆放E不得在隧道内使用内燃抽水机【参考答案】ABD30、铲运机不适宜在（）中施工。A湿度较小（含水量在25%一下）的松散砂土B地下水位高的潮湿地区C干燥的粉砂土D潮湿的粘土E沼泽地带【参考答案】ABD三、案例分析题(一)背景材料某二级公路，全长9.32km，全路段的石方爆破主要集中在 K2+300K2+420，K3+240K3+480，K6+450K6+490，K8+590K8+810，爆破路段附近无重要建筑物，施工单位编制了“公路路堑石方爆破工程专项施工方案”，专项施工方案编制的主要内容包括工程概况、编制依据、施工计划、施工工艺技术、劳动力计划等。施工单位编制的爆破施工流程为：施爆区现场勘查爆破设计及设计审批配备专业施爆人员施爆区施工放样用机械清除施爆区强风化岩石A爆破器材检查与试验炮炮孔检查与废渣清理装药并安装引爆器材布置安全岗和施爆区安全员炮孔堵塞撤离施爆区内人畜起爆B解除警戒测定爆破效果(包括飞石、震动波对施爆区内、外构造物造成的破坏及损失)。施工单位编制的爆破施工方案为：根据爆破工程量要求，综合考虑爆区地形、地质、环境条件、设备和技术条件等，石方爆破自上而下分台阶逐层进行，采用电力起爆，爆破高度小于5m时，用浅眼爆破法分层爆破，分层高度23m;爆破高度为510m时，用深孔爆破法一次爆破到设计标高;爆破高度超过 10m时，分台阶进行深孔爆破，工作台阶分层高度定为510m，永久边坡采用光面爆破的方法进行处理。1.【题干】补充专项施工方案编制的主要内容。【答案】施工安全保证措施;计算书及附图。2.【题干】写出爆破施工流程中工序A、B以及石方爆破主要机械设备C的名称。【答案】A钻孔;B通风排烟，检查、处理有无“盲炮”;C移动式空气压缩机3.【题干】爆破施工方案中采用的光面爆破是否合理?说明理由?【答案】合理。因为爆破方案中有侧向临空面。4.【题干】写出台阶爆破参数示意图中爆破参数H与W的名称。【答案】H阶梯高度;W最小抵抗线;【解析】P8【考点】5.【题干】指出工班长对操作人员所提要求中的错误并改正。【答案】手机处于静音状态错误，手机应关闭;堵塞材料应采用钻孔的石渣、粘土、岩粉等错误，应用黏土堵塞。如需调整，应征得现场技术人员和监理工程师的同意并作好变更记录错误，应征得施工单位技术负责人、监理工程师审查同意签字后实施。(二)背景材料某施工单位承接了两座单洞分离式隧道施工任务，左线起讫桩号为ZK10+308，ZK10+788，右线起讫桩号为 YK10+264，YK10+776。两隧道均为瓦斯隧道，且围岩富含有害矿物质，根据设计要求，隧道洞内路面采用水泥混凝土刚性路面，路面结构自上而下分别为：24cm厚C25水泥混凝土层面、20cm厚C20水泥混凝土基层、10cm厚C15水泥混凝土调平层。水泥混凝土路面施工工艺流程如下图所示。明洞段混凝土层面摊铺后，应表面没有及时覆盖，且天气炎热，表面游离水分蒸发过快，体积急剧收缩，导致出现不规则网状裂缝。隧道施工中施工单位按照国家的劳动保护法规，积极改善隧道施工条件，制定了切实可行的防噪声、通风等措施，以保证工作人员身体健康。问题1.【题干】按长度划分，左、右线隧道属于什么隧道?说明理由。【答案】按长度划分，左线属于短隧道，右线属于中隧道。因为左线隧道长480m，右线隧道长512m，按照规定，L<500m属于短隧道。500<l<1000m属于中隧道。< p=""></l<1000m属于中隧道。<>2.【题干】如果针对路面面层施工，指出表中劳动力配置哪些是不需要的(以编号表示即可)?按相关法规要求，表中只为危险性较大的爆破工缴纳工伤保险费的做法是否正确?说明理由。【答案】3、5不需要。不正确。按照建筑法规定，施工企业应为职工缴纳工伤保险，鼓励企业缴纳意外伤害保险。3.【题干】写出工艺流程图中工序A、B、C的名称。【答案】A摊铺砼;B养生养护：C开放交通。4.【题干】明洞段路面面层摊铺后出现的裂缝通常称为哪种裂缝?【答案】龟裂。5.【题干】除背景中所列措施外，施工单位还应制度哪些劳动保护措施?【答案】防瓦斯、除尘、照明、排水及防火等。事件3：空心板预测中，发现有5片空心板顶板厚度只有7cm，设计厚度为10cm，施工单位立即组织技术人员召开现场会，排除了外模版制作与安装，混凝土施工、台座变形等因素，查找到事故原因后，及时解决了问题。问题：1.【题干】写出图1中设施A的名称，并计算单根钢绞线理论下斜长度。【答案】横梁。(下料长度看不清数值，无法计算)2.【题干】事件1中，计算所有空心板预制完成的工期【答案】9×35=315天3.【题干】逐条判断事件2中空心板预应力施工操作要点的正误，并改正错误之处。【答案】(1)错误，千斤顶、油泵应配套检验、配套使用;(2)错误，实际伸长和值理论伸长值应控制在6%之内。(3)正确。(4)错误，砼强度达到80%时切断钢绞线。4.【题干】事件3中，分析空心板顶板厚度不够的原因。【答案】胶囊固定不到位，造成上浮。(四)背景资料某新建一级公路工程K11+120K20+260合同段位于海拔3000m以上的地区，路面结构设计示意图如下图所示，该合同段工程与其他工程或已有道路无交叉，依据交通运输部颁布的公路工程基本建设概算预算编制办法(JTGB06-2007)，公路工程预算定额 (JTG/TB06-02-2007)编制的该工程施工图预算，其中K11+120K12+120底基层工程量为：22300m2(底基层平均面积)。项目部在施工底基层、基层时采用方法有：(1)采用沥青混凝土摊铺机分一层两幅摊铺水泥稳定碎石底基层。(2)采用稳定土摊铺机分一层两幅摊铺水泥稳定碎石基层(3)先用轻型两轮压路机跟在摊铺机后及时进行碾压，后用重型振动压路机，轮胎压路机继续碾压密实。项目部与2014年6月8月完成了该合同段工程所有路面施工。该地区属于冬区，11月进入冬季。问题：1.【题干】写出路面结构设计图中A、B、C的名称。【答案】A土路肩;B硬路肩;C路缘带。2.【题干】计算K11+120K12+120段底基层施工需拌制的水泥稳定碎石混合料的数量，并计算该部分厂拌底基层水泥稳定碎石混合料的材料费和施工机械使用费。(计算保留小数点后两位)【答案】22300/1000×151.15=3370.65m3;材料费：16.755×400+21×4+220.32×80=24411.624411.6/1000×22300=544378.68元机械费：0.48×1200+0.24×1500=936936/1000×22300=20872.8元。3.【题干】该合同段的冬季施工增加费、高原地区施工增加费和行车干扰工程增加费是否需要记取?并分别写出该三项增加费的计算基数构成。【答案】冬季、高原需要计取。行车干扰费不计取。冬季施工增加费计费基数为直接工程费;高原、行车干扰费基数为(人工费+施工机械费)4.【题干】分别判断底基层、基层施工中3个施工方法是否正确，如不正确，请改正。125（英文版 ） easily blame, to prevent the broken window effect. Supervise the leading cadres to play an exemplary role, take the lead in the strict implementation of the < code > and < rule >, lead to safeguard the solemnity and authority of the party discipline, ensure that the party discipline and the laws and regulations for implementation in place. Throughout the discipline in the daily supervision and management, strengthen supervision and inspection, from the thorough investigation of violations of discipline behavior. Strengthen to key areas, key departments and key projects as well as the masses reflect the concentration of the units and departments for supervision. - strengthening supervision, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to set an example for compliance with the < code > and < rule > is a man must be hexyl, blacksmith needs its own hardware. Discipline inspection organs as the executor of the party discipline, and supervisor of the defenders, for its supervision must be more strictly, discipline inspection and supervision of cadres to firmly establish the awareness of Party Constitution, sense of discipline and rules consciousness, politics loyalty, sense obey. Action speak Ji Ordinance to set an example of the regulations of the rule of law, strengthen supervision and accept the supervision of the firmness and consciousness, do comply with < > and < >. To firmly establish the discipline must first be disciplined, the supervisor will be subject to the supervision of "concept, and consciously safeguard and implement party compasses party, take the lead in practicing" three strict real strict, so loyal, clean, play. To be good at learning, the Constitution and the < code > as morality, politics and brought to fruition; to implement < >, do not want to, dare not, not with disciplinary ruler to supervision; to discipline a ruler, often the control inspection, and consciously in the ideological red line to draw the row Ming Good accumulation is indeed the bottom line, so that the heart has fear, said to have quit, the line has ended. Attached: indifferent to heart, calmly to the table in our life, there are many unpredictable things will happen, some good, some bad things, we cannot control is powerless to stop, but with time, you will find in life sometimes turns out to be not good, some bad things finally turned out to be a good thing, but then we muddy however did not know, this is the life teach us things. 1, life can be complex, can also be simple. Want simple life of precipitation, to have enough time to reflect, to make Become more perfect. Life is the most important thing is not to win, but the struggle; not to have conquered, but to have fought well. 2, the plain is the background of life. Live a plain life, give up on themselves is not a coward, but the wise answers; not disillusioned after the heart, such as ashes, but experience the storm after the enlightenment; not unrewarding perfunctorily, but calm attitude of life of unrestrained self-confidence. Plain living, there is no noise noisy, no earthly troubles, more did not fill in the discontent of desire, some just a calm, a calm. 3, memory of heart will not good things to erase the, life is a When no movie, pain is a beginning, the struggle is a kind of process, death is a kind of ending. Give up this giving up is the helpless, do not give up the abandoned, do not give up this giving up is ignorance, do not give up should not give up is persistent. 4, a thing figured is heaven, think impassability is hell. Since the living, to live better. Sometimes we because of too narrow-minded, too care around the chores and penny wise and pound foolish, not worth the candle. Some things to attract trouble and worry, completely depends on how we look at and deal with it. Don't always take everything back to things, and don't get into a blind alley, don't want to face, don't be narrow-minded. Poke to care, is a kind of open-minded, a free and easy. 5, I am not afraid of others behind me a knife, I afraid to look back and see stab me, is my intention to treat people; I am not afraid of the truth to tell the best friend, I'm afraid he turned to it as a joke to tell don't 6, when we are in a positive frame of mind, you will find many good things; and when we are in a negative state of mind, you will find many depressed things; life happy and worry, all is you of life attitude, optimistic, good luck; loss of sink, Eritrea company. When you are in adversity, may wish to change a point of view to think everything over to the good Think, because good mentality decided the fate of the! 7, people are tired, rest; heart tired, calm. Grow up, mature, this society read. Tired and sad, squat down, to their a hug. Because the world no one can sympathize with you, have mercy on you. You cry, tears is your own; you pain, no one can understand. Then you only tears to smile. 8, each people have youth,Each youth are a story, the life of the world never gets easier, I want what, wish the world all know, as has been the same; now want anything, for fear that others know, or like to lose the same. 9, the heart move, everything in the world is followed by birth, Rangrang, important thing is often the most difficult to open one's mouth, because words will reduce its importance; to let strangers people care about your life in the good things, the original is not easy 10, do not blame, do not laugh at who, also don't envy who. Like a person is a kind of feeling, not like a person is true. The truth is easy to explain, I feel Is unspeakable. The best travel life is that you in a strange place found a long lost touched. 11, happy life not in the bustling in, and in the peace of mind; no matter how many grievances, how uncomfortable, and ultimately to heal themselves or their own, others may got you to comfort, but never know your heart is how wanjianchuanxin. 12, ma'am, like a movie, learn to appreciate, learn to be grateful, learn tolerance, and goodness, helping others. Instead of accusing the society, as into one; and an exception is better to give than to what 13, don't envy him A sum of, don't lose your life and the life, respectively is: the former is a we experienced cannot escape in a day finally will last minute, while the latter is our persistent, we want to cherish the memory of those people and things. 14, learn to smile, learn to strong, the world you know so many people, so many people and you are, you cannot change also can't let everyone like you, so also do not want to do. Life is too short to go crazy to love to go to waste, to chase the dream to regret. 15, when temper, a blessing to go. A wounding elegant people, the key is to control their own emotions. With the mouth is the most stupid behavior. A control negative emotions than a can take a city more powerful water flow slow, language is expensive. People spent two years of time to learn to speak, but to spend a few years time to shut up. That is a kind of ability, that is a kind of wisdom. 16, life is not perfect, sometimes, growth is not a cry, not an eyeful of tears, there is no trace of emotion, there is no gleam of hope, no desire, no action, no static, there is only one kind of downward sinking feeling, sink A murky? 6? 7? 6? 7 sink? 6? 7? 6? 7 toward the bottom of the sink. 17, in some way, do not go, you will not know the other side scenery is beautiful. To you is not good, you do not mind too much, no one has an obligation to you; you learn knowledge, is you have weapons, you can start from scratch, but not unarmed; how do you