不定代词的用法lu.ppt

一些重要的不定代词的用法,1. all,both,either,neither 2.one,another,the other 3. little, a little, few, a few 4. some/ any, no/ none, no one, nobody, nothing/ each/every, many/ much,1. both:都; neither:都不; either:之一:指两人或物，,all:指三个(以上)人或物可作：1)主语 2)定语 3)宾语等,1)他们两人都喜欢吃米饭。,Both (of them) enjoy rice. CF. All (of them)enjoy / Each (of them) enjoys rice.,我们俩都不是医生。,Neither (of us) is a doctor. CF. None (of us) is a .Both (of us) arent doctors.,你们两个哪个去都行。,Either (of you) is allowed to go.,作主语时，both 后面的谓语动词用复数。 neither, either 后面的谓语动词用单数。,2) 张华的父母亲在一所医院工作，但都不是医生。,Both Zhang Hua's father and mother work in a hospital, but neither one is a doctor.,两个苹果任你拿一个。,You may take either apple.,3) 我非常喜欢这两件玩具。,I like both of the toys very much.,这男孩找不到他们俩就走开了。,The boy could find neither of them and left.,我买了两块蛋糕，你要哪块都可以。,Ive bought two cakes - you can have either.,The boy couldnt find both of them and left.,CF. but not both of them are doctors. =arent,CF. You may take neither apple./both apples,The boy couldnt find either of them and left. CF.,(1) (of) the,(of) these books are expensive.,(of) his/Toms,Each of the (these / his / Toms) books is expensive.,All (of) the apple is bad. All (of) the water is dirty.,(2) All / Both of them are expensive.,Each of them is bad. All of it is bad.,4) all, both, each 和名词或代词连用,(3) All / Both books are expensive.,Each (Every) book is expensive. All water is dirty.,(4) all year, all week, all day, all night, all winter,All Both,但:all hour, all century,5) all, both, each 在句中的位置,(1) They all / both / each agree to take part in the birthday party.,(2) They are all / both / each in good health.,(3) They will all / both / each go there.,They will all / both / each be invited to the birthday party.,We each _ against the plan.(be),The rooms were all / both / each cleaned.,are,All / Both / Each they All / Both / Each them,(wrong),(wrong),.,6) either可作副词用于否定句: “也”, 相当于肯定句中的 too,这不是我的, 那也不是。,This is not mine. That is not, either.,7)neither表示“也不”的时候,常用于倒装结构= nor,我不喜欢踢足球，他也不喜欢。,I don't like to play football. Neither does he.,他没自行车，我也没有。,He hasn't got a bike. Neither have I.,8) bothand 连接并列主语时,谓语动词一般是复数；eitheror, neithernor 连接两个并列主语时谓语动词的数应与靠近谓语动词的主语保持一致,Both Li and Wang are intelligent students.,Either the shirts or the sweater is a good buy.,Neither he nor I ammistaken.,There is a knife and fork beside the plate.,2.1) one 常用来作代词，替代前文所出现的单数可数名词或其他代词，表示人或物，以避免重复。,我没圆珠笔，我得去买一支。,I haven't got a ball pen. I'll have to buy one. (= a),他是个能多为别人着想的人。,He is one to think more of others.,2) the other,another都可解释为“另一个”the other指两者中的另一个，another 指三者以上中的另一个。,He has two brothers. One is a doctor, the other is a professor.,We've received two parcels, one from my uncle, the other from my aunt.,I don't like this one, show me another, please.,I've just bought three things. One is a walkman, another is a pocket calculator, the third is a video game.,3) another 还有 “再” 的意思,再喝一杯咖啡吧！,Have another cup of coffee, please.,他必须在这里再待一个/两个星期。,He will have to stay here for another week / another two weeks.,4) other 有 “另外” 的含义,其他学生在哪里？,Where are the other students?,这孩子比另两个更聪明。,The boy is much cleverer than the other two.,5) others 和 the others 表示复数的泛指和特指， 后面不能加名词,In the park some are playing games. Others are walking near the river.,I have five color pencils. One is red, another is blue and the others are green.,6) the rest也可作“其余的”解释,用作主语时要注意谓 语动词的单复数。,他的余生是在美国度过的。,The rest of his life was spent in America.,他有几本书，两本是英文，其余的是中文。,He has a few books. Two are in English. The rest are in Chinese.,3.1) little / a little用作代词、形容词、或副词,前者表 否定,后者表肯定。,用这种方法他们只花很少的钱就能旅行。,In this way they can make the trip with just a little money.,没剩多少了,是吗？,There is little left, is there?,2) few, a few用作代词,形容词,前者表否定,后者表肯定。,A few of us speak English well.,我们中有几个人英语讲得好。,3) 常用词组:,冰箱里几乎没鸡蛋了，所以他去超市买了一些。,There were few eggs / was little milk in the fridge, so he went to the supermarket and bought some.,Few students know this, do they?,没几个学生知道这件事，对吗？,A.(quite/ not) a few(好)几个 the few 少数的人们 (only a) few / (very) few(极)少数几个,B.(quite/ not) a little; (only a) little; little by little,不少人犯过这种错误。,Not a few people have made that mistake.,知道这首老歌的人很少。(代词）,Very few know the old song. Only a few people,He has given us not a little trouble.,他给我们带来不少的麻烦。他对那结果相当满意。,He was not a little satisfied with the result.,He got thin little by little. He made little of his illness. 轻视，不重视，看不起,4. 1) some 和 any (1) A. some (一些,某个)句中可作主语、宾语、定语等，常用于肯定句。作定语时，可修饰可数和不可数名词，可数名词是单数时，some 表示 “某个” 的意思。,There are some newspapers on the table. I am going to buy some orange juice. Have you any questions? Yes, I have some.,I have read that in some magazine.,B. 当说活者表示提议、请求或期望得到肯定回答时，在疑问句中也可用 some。,Would you like some tea? Could you lend me some chairs?,(2) A. any “一些” 多用于疑问句、否定句或条件从句。,Is there any ink in your pen? Put up your hands if you have any questions.,B any用于肯定句中有“任何一个”解,常用于比较级句中:,Tom runs faster than any other boy in his class. Tom runs faster than any of the other boys in.,Something is wrong with my bike. Somebody is asking to see you. Nobody is absent. If you want anything, call me.,C some, any, every, no 可以与 body, thing, one 构成合成代词，这些代词都作单数看待，表示人或物:,2）no 和 none:,(1) none (没有一个,全不, 都不) 是名词性不定代词,可作主语和宾语,常和 of 短语连用,不作定语。none 作主语代替不可数名词时,谓语用单数形式。代替可数名词时,谓语用单复数均可：,None of the money _ paid to me.,was,None of us _ ever been abroad.,have / has,(2) none 是 all 的全部否定,都指三者以上的人或物。 We all made mistakes. None of us was correct.,(3) no 是形容词性不定代词,只能作定语,修饰可数和不可数名词,等于 not a 或 not any 加上名词:,I didnt take all the photos by myself.,这些照片并非全都是我拍的。,所有的鸟都有翅膀,但并非所有的鸟都会飞。,All birds have wings, but all birds can not fly. =,I have no money. = I have not any money.,(4) no one相当于nobody,可用来回答who/ whom引起 的问句:Who(m) do you like best?-No one/Nobody.,He has no mother. She has no teeth. =,none可用来回答How much / how many 引起的问句:,How many fish did you catch? -None.,How much wine did she have? -None.,3）each 和 every ：,each 强调个体，可作主语、宾语、定语、同位语。 every 相当于all，强调整体，只能作定语。,Each boy has a dictionary. 每个孩子都有一本词典。 Every boy has a dictionary.所有的孩子都有一本词典。,every five days / every fifth day = 每隔四天,(2) each 用于两个(以上)的人或物, every用于三个以上,路的两边有树。,桌子四周每一边有一把椅子。,There are trees on _ side of the road.,There is a chair on _ side of the table.,each /either,each / every,(3) “每隔” 或 “每中”要用 every,每隔一天 / 一行,every other day / line,每隔五天,every six days=每六天,每五天,(4) They each _ forward a proposal. (put),put,Each of the rooms / them _ bright. (be),is,Every boy is not clever / All boys are not clever.=,4）many 和 much ：,可用在肯定句、否定句和疑问句中，还可在肯定句中作主语或修饰主语。,(1) Are there lots of buses and cars in the street?,many,We didnt have a lot of trouble finding Tom.,much,(2) 这个诗人用英语写了这么多的诗。,The poet has written so many poems in English.,他买了那么多面包。,He has bought so much bread.,The girl spent such lots of money on clothes.,a lot of,形容词,1. _ of them knew about the plan because it was kept a secret. A. Each B. Any C. No one D. None 2.We couldnt eat in a restaurant because _ of us had _ money on us. A. all ; no B. any ; no C. none ; any D. no one ; any 3.There is a tree on _ side of the street. A. every B. all C. either D. both 4.There is a desk on _ side of the room. A. both B. either C. all D. every 5. Which side can I sit on the boat? If you sit still, you can sit on _. A. every side B. all sides C. both sides D. either side 6.It is said that _ of his parents have gone to Beijing. A. all B. every C. both D. either 7.Some students are absent-minded, _ of them heard what the teacher said. A. all B. none C. every D. not all,8. Is _ here? No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave. A. anybody B. somebody C. everybody D. nobody 9.They were all very tired, but _ of them would stop to take a rest. A. any B. some C. none D. neither 10. Can you come on Monday or Tuesday? Im afraid _ day is possible. A. either B. neither C. some D. any 11. If you want to change for this room youll have to pay _ 5. A. another B. other C. more D. each 12. Which of the two books do you want? I want _. Please show me _. A. none ; another B. all ; the other C. neither ; the other D. neither ; another 13._ side of the street is lined with different shops, _ of which sell electronic products. A. Both ; both B. Either ; all C. Neither ; either D. Either ; both,14. Do you need anything else? Yes, we still need _ aircraft. A. more two B. two more C. other two pieces of D. two others 15.I had no idea which was better, so I took _ of them. A. any B. every C. none D. both 16. The examination was easy, wasnt it? Yes, but I dont think _ could pass it. A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. everybody 17.Is there anyone who can do the job? . A. None B. No one C. Not one D. Not many ones 18.I wanted some water, but there was in the bottle. A. none B. no C. any D. nothing 19. Mary has arrived, but students in my class aren't here yet. A. other B. others C. the other D. the others 20. of us is active in English class. A. Every B. Every one C. Everyone D. Anybody 21.They invited the three of ,Tom, Bob, and . A. us , me B. we , I C. us , I D. we , we,