山东省威海市高三上学期期中考试英语试题及答案.doc

绝密启用并使用前英 语本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分，共12页。满分150分。考试用时120分钟。考试结束后，交回本试卷答题卡。注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、准考证号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。2. 第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3. 第II卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。第I卷（共105分）第一部分: 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节: 语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1. Have you ever met a man who is always the centre of attention _ he goes? A. wheneverB. howeverC. whereverD. where2. He is a deep thinker _ opinions are worth much. A. whoB. whoseC. thatD. which3. Youve left the light on. Oh, so I have. _ and turn it off. A. I go B. Ive gone C. Ill go D. Im going4. Lucy is not coming tonight. But she _! A. promised B. will promise C. had promised D. promises5. Ive put a cross on the map to show _ that famous hotel is.A. whereB. whereverC. whatD. whatever6. Dr. Black comes from either Oxford or Cambridge. I cant remember _.A. whoB. thereC. whichD. what7. Ill raise both hands _ banning smoking inside the school yard.A. in favour of B. in memory of C. in honour of D. in search of8. The younger singer is beginning _ into notice through The Voice of China. A. comeB. to comeC. comingD. came9. Though badly _, the girl remained outwardly calm.A. frightenB. frightenedC. frighteningD. fright10. In _ 1870s Marx found it important to study _ situation in Russia.A. a; theB. an; aC. / ; / D. the; the 11. Hello, may I have an appointment with the doctor? _A. Sorry, he is busy at the moment.B. Why didnt you call earlier?C. Certainly, may I have your name?D. Sorry, he doesnt want to see you.12. Are you almost ready to go, mom? Ill go and pull the car out of the garage. OK- just _. Ill have a last look at the windows.A. waitB. a minuteC. calm downD. no way13. When and where this took place _ still unknown.A. isB. hasC. wereD. are14. My partner wants to keep the company small _ Id like to expand it. A. andB. orC. howeverD. while15. The weight of the moon is only about _ of that of the earth. A. one eighty B. one of eighty C. one the eightieth D. one eightieth第二节 完形填空 （共20小题；每小题15，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。WHEN John Gurdon was 15, he ranked last out of the 250 boys in his grade at biology. He also came in last for every other science subject. His teacher wrote in a 16 : “I believe he has ideas about becoming a 17 ; on his present showing this is quite foolish.”Luckily, the teachers words didnt 18 Gurdons love for science. He kept working hard. He went to lab earlier and left 19 than anyone else.On Oct 8, 2012, 64 years later, the British professor 20 the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine. Japanese scientist Shinya Yamanaka had contributed to the research and therefore 21 the award.Gurdon got the honor 22 his research into cells and cloning. When he was studying at Oxford, he did some 23 on cells. He took a cell from an adult frog, moved its 24 , and put them into an egg cell. The egg cell then 25 into a clone of the adult frog. His research 26 for the first time that every cell in the body contains the same genes.At that time, many people 27 accept Gurdons idea. But later it helped to 28 Dolly the sheep in 1996, the first cloned mammal in history. It also led to important findings in the 29 use of cells. For example, 30 from someones skin can turn into any type of tissue in the body. This is good news for those 31 who have diseased or damaged tissue.Gurdon always remembers the 32 he had when he was 15. He even put the report on his desk as a daily 33 to himself.“When you have 34 , like an experiment doesnt work, its nice to remind yourself that perhaps you are not so good at your job and the teacher may be 35 ,” he said.However, the facts suggest Gurdon is pretty good indeed. 16.A. reportB. letterC. passageD. program17.A. musicianB. scientistC. managerD. millionaire18.A. stopB. meanC. inspireD. reflect19.A. soonerB. laterC. more hurriedlyD. more happily20.A. wonB. foundedC. dreamed ofD. applied for21.A. acceptedB. refusedC. collectedD. shared22.A. instead ofB. in spite ofC. because ofD. in place of23.A. readingB. writingC. changeD. research24.A. babyB. powerC. genesD. features25.A. cutB. grewC. wentD. formed26.A. predictedB. studiedC. provedD. provided27.A. couldntB. shouldntC. mustntD. neednt28.A. saveB. driveC. feedD. create29.A. everydayB. medicalC. physicalD. illegal30.A. cellsB. hairsC. waterD. blood31.A. foolsB. scientistsC. patientsD. doctors32.A. friendB. teacherC. classmateD. neighbor33.A. ruleB. paperC. reminderD. reward34.A. prizesB. diseasesC. mealsD. problems35.A. rightB. wrongC. happyD. welcome第二部分 阅读理解（共30小题；每小题2分，满分60分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。AWHEN there are some strangers in front of us, which of them will we trust?According to a new study in the online PloS One (公共科学图书馆·综合), people make their decisions to trust others largely based on their faces. Your appearance can do a lot for you, especially if you are in the financial industry. The more trustworthy you look, the more likely people will buy what youre selling.Researchers from Britains University of Warwick Business School, University College London, and Dartmouth College, US, did a number of experiments.The research team used computer software to make 40 faces, from the least to the most trustworthy-looking.The study said that the difference between a trustworthy face and one that isnt as trustworthy comes from features that look slightly angry or slightly happy, even when the face is at rest. However, a slightly happy face is more likely to be trusted.Researchers gave participants some money and asked them which face they trusted to invest the money for them. Then researchers gave some good and bad information about the people with these faces, and asked the participants again whom they trusted.The results showed that even if they got different information, the participants didnt change their choices. They were still more likely to invest their money with the more trustworthy-looking faces.Chris Olivola, one of the studys authors, said in the University of Warwicks press release: “It seems we are still willing to go with our own instincts (本能) about whether we think someone looks like we can trust them. The temptation (诱惑) to judge strangers by their faces is hard to resist.”36. Which of the following can be a proper title for this passage? A. What kind of face do you trust?B. Who did the experiments? C. Why do you trust him or her?D. Why did they do the experiments?37. According to the study, which of the following faces is most likely to be trusted? A. A sad face.B. A smiling face.C. A crying face.D. An angry face.38. Which of the following about the experiment is TRUE?A. The trustworthy faces were given good information.B. Researchers took photos of the 40 peoples faces in college.C. Most participants gave their money to the trustworthy-looking faces.D. Participants liked to choose the faces with good information.39. What did the researchers learn from their experiment?A. People cant refuse temptations.B. People always do things with their instincts.C. People often judge strangers by their faces.D. People dont trust strangers with sad faces.B When two Bangs meet SHELDON Cooper is a scientific genius on the popular American TV show, The Big Bang Theory (生活大爆炸). He finally met his match last year: Stephen Hawking.This is not the first time that the scientist has appeared on TV. He has also been on Star Trek (in 1987) and The Simpsons (in 1989). Each time, he played himself.Hawking, 71, is perhaps the worlds most famous scientist after Albert Einstein. He has spent his whole life studying the beginning and the end of the universe, including the Big Bang (宇宙大爆炸) theory.The Big Bang theory explains the early development of the universe. According to the theory, about 13.7 billion years ago everything was all squeezed together in a tiny, tight little ball, and then the ball exploded. The results of that explosion are what we call the universe.Hawking has always tried to make science more popular with people. His book: A Brief History of Time was published in 1988. In the book he shares his understanding of the universe in simple language. The book tries to explain many subjects about the universe to common readers, including the Big Bang, black holes and light cones (光锥).Hawkings achievements are even greater if you think about his disability. When he was 21, Hawking caught a bad illness that slowly stopped him from moving or talking. Now he sits on a wheelchair with a computer by his side. To communicate, he moves two fingers to control the computers mouse. He chooses his words from the screen, which are then spoken by a voice synthesizer (合成器).Hawking also believes that there might be aliens in space. However, he believes they are probably very dangerous, so we should not look for them. “I imagine they might exist in very big ships . having used up all the resources from their home planet,” Hawking said in a British documentary named Into the Universe with Stephen Hawking. 40. What does the “two Bangs” in the title refer to? A. The director of “The Big Bang Theory” and the founder of it. B. The director and the actor of “The Big Bang Theory”. C. The founder of the “Big Bang” theory and its spreader.D. The scientific genius on TV show and the one alive in real life.41. Acting in The Big Bang Theory is Hawkings _ time on TV.A. first B. second C. third D. fourth42. According to Paragraph 5, Hawking wrote the book A Brief History of Time especially for _.A. scientists who study the universeB. people who know a lot about the universeC. people who know little about the universeD. people who only know simple language43. The Big Bang theory mainly explains _.A. how the universe startedB. what the universe is likeC. how old the universe isD. how the universe exploded44. According to the passage, which of the following about Hawking is TRUE?A. He was born with a disability.B. He uses a computer to communicate.C. He believes aliens are our friends.D. He encourages people to look for aliens.CKiss crisis, hug horrors and the UK's handshake headachesGreeting someone, saying goodbye these situations fill me with unease. You have a second to make a dangerous decision. One peck (轻吻)? Two pecks? Three? No kisses at all? Why, I think, as I crash into the other persons face, why cant it be as simple as a handshake?A survey by the soap company Radox in May showed one in five Brits now feels a handshake is “too formal”, according to the Daily Mail. Some 42 percent said they never shook hands when greeting friends. For one third of people the alternative was a hug, for 16 percent a kiss on the cheek.British people are known to be reserved (保守的) unfriendly, some would say. Handshakes used to work for us because we didnt have to get too close. But the super-British handshake is no longer fashionable. We want to be more like our easygoing Mediterranean neighbors who greet each other with kisses and hugs.The trouble is, we still find it a bit awkward. What does a married man do when greeting a married female friend, for example? How should someone younger greet someone older?Guys dont tend to kiss one another; my male friends in Britain go for the “manly hug”, taking each other stiffly (不自然地) in one arm and giving a few thumps on the back with words like “Take it easy, yeah?”.The biggest questions, if you do decide to kiss, are how many times and which cheek first. Unlike the French, who comfortably deliver three, our cheek-pecks usually end in embarrassed giggling (咯咯笑): “Oh, gosh, sorry, I didnt mean to kiss you on the lips, I never know where to aim for first!”But then its never been easy for us poor, uncomfortable Brits. Even the handshake had its problems: dont shake too hard, but dont hold the other persons hand too limply (无力地) either, and definitely dont go in with sweaty hands.Maybe its better to leave it at a smile and a nod. 45. What is the article mainly about?A. Origin of the traditional British way of greeting someone.B. New trends and problems that Brits have with the way they greet people.C. Why the author feels uneasy when greeting someone or saying goodbye.D. Differences in greetings between Britain and other Western countries.46. What did the survey by the soap company Radox show?A. It is now considered unfriendly to greet friends with a handshake in Britain.B. A kiss on the cheek is becoming the most popular form of greeting in Britain.C. Most Brits no longer offer to shake hands with those they meet.D. More and more Brits prefer to be greeted with a hug or kiss.47. The underlined word “awkward” in paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _.A. not helpfulB. too informal C. quite embarrassedD. very interesting48. Which does the author think might be the safest form of greeting for a British person?A. A hug. B. A smile and a nod.C. A handshake. D. A kiss on the cheek.49. Who wrote the article? A. A British writer.B. An American writer.C. A French writer.D. A Chinese writer.DASK any group of teenagers in the UK what they most like to eat, and foods like pizzas, curries, pasta, burgers and chips are bound to get a mention and many young people would probably also list hanging out at the local fast-food restaurant as one of their favorite pastimes.But what teenagers like to eat is not necessarily what they should be eating. According to the National Diet and Nutrition Survey, far too many young people in the UK between the ages of four and 18 consume too much fat, sugar and salt in their diet and take in too many calories. Meanwhile their intake of starchy carbohydrates (淀粉类碳水化合物), fibre, iron, vitamins and calcium is too low.For a growing body, eating foods containing plenty of calcium, such as milk, yoghurt and cheese, is particularly important as calcium is essential for the development of healthy, strong bones. Similarly, foods that are rich in iron are good for young, rapidly developing bodies, so red meat, bread, green vegetables, dried fruit and fortified (强化的) breakfa