八年级英语下册Unit13“Thankyou,MomandDad!”知识精讲北京课改版.pdf

用心爱心专心 Unit 13 “Thank you, Mom and Dad! ” 一、教学内容： Unit 13 “Thank you, Mom and Dad! ” 二、教学目标 知识目标熟练掌握本单元的单词、短语、句型和语法 能力目标能够熟练运 用老师所教的阅读技巧，高效地完成阅读任务 三、教学重难点 重点：宾语从句（直接引语和间接引语） 难点：阅读技能的训练 四、本单元重点知识： 1. 单词 : 本单元中单词的音、形、意 2. 词组： take place 发生 hold a special party for parents 为父母举行一次特殊的聚会 invite sb. to somewhere 邀请某人到某地 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 say sth to sb. 和某人说某事 ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 have nothing to do 没事可做 make an appointment with sb. 和某人有约 do some shopping 购物 at the bus stop 在公共汽车站 tell a real story 讲一个真实的故事 be sure about 对, 有把握 let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 be moved to tears 被感动得流泪 take care of ,alone 单独照顾某人 the whole world 整个世界 the noisy class 喧闹的课堂 in a special way 用一种特殊的方式 at that moment 在那一刻 用心爱心专心 become noisy 喧闹起来 find out 查明 on Thanksgiving 在感恩节 arrive at 到达 grow older 长大了 keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 make their beds 为他们铺床 put away 收拾 clean up 收拾干净，清洁；肃清；除清；除掉；清理 a rock concert 一次摇滚音乐会 a high tea 晚茶 in the meantime = in the meanwhile 在这期间，这时 五、本讲重点知识讲解： 1. Where does the dialogue possibly take place? take place 发生 happen 与 take place的区别： happen 往往表示偶然性的没预料到的事情的“发生”； take place表示必然性的“发生” 或指是布置或策划好某事而后“举行”的。 例如： When did this take place? 这事是什么时候发生的？ Where sports events take place. 进行体育运动的地方。 We happened to be in the neighborhood. 我们恰好是邻居。 The accident happened yesterday. 事故发生在昨天。 The meeting took place at 8:00 as planned. 按计划会议在八点举行了。 2. invite his mother to a movie. invite his mother to dance. invite sb. to my house 邀请某人到我家 invite sb. to sing 请求某人唱歌 She invited us to her party. 她邀请我们参加她的聚会。 He invited me to play football with him. 他邀请我和他一起踢足球。 3. To say “Thank you” on Mother s Day. say sth. to sb. 和某人说某事 知识链接： 用心爱心专心 say “Hello ” to sb. say “Sorry ” to sb. say “Thank you” to sb. say “ Congratulations” to sb. say, speak, tell 和 talk 的区别： speak 讲语言 speak to sb. about sth. tell告诉 tell sb. sth. /tell sth. to sb. say 说 say sth. to sb. talk交谈 , 聊天 talk to sb./talk sb. about sth. say, speak, talk 和 tell辨析。 say 一般作及物动词用，着重强调说话的内容，它的宾语可以是名词、代词或宾语从句。 例如： He can say his name. 他会说他的名字。 Please say it in English. 请用英语说。 Shes saying , Dont draw on the wall. 她在说，别在墙上画。 speak 强调说的动作，不强调所说的内容。作及物动词时，常以某种 语言作宾语。作不及物动词时，常见的搭配形式有： speak to sb. 跟某人讲话，此外speak 还可用于在较为正式的场合的演讲或演说。 Can you speak Japanese? 你会说日语吗？ She is speaking to her teacher. 她正在跟她的老师说话。 He spoke at the meeting yesterday. 他昨天在会上讲了话。 talk 一般为不及物动词，意思是“交谈，谈话”，着重强调两者之间的相互谈话。 例如： She is talking with Lucy in English. 她正在和露茜用英语交谈。 What are you talking about? 你们在谈论什么？ The teacher is talking to him. 老师正在和他谈话。 tell常作及物动词，意为“讲述，告诉”，常跟双宾语。 tell sb. sth.tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事。 例如： He is telling the children a story. 他正在给孩子们讲一 个故事。 Did you tell her the news?Did you tell the news to her? 你把这个消息告诉 她了吗？ 4. Our English teacher Miss Wang did not teach us from the textbook today. She told a real story instead. She asked us if we had heard about Mothers Day. Then she said that a woman named Anna Jarvis started Mothers Day in the early 1900s. 用心爱心专心 Anna asked the President of the United States to make it a special day after her own mother had died. She hoped children would say “Thank you” to their mothers while their mothers were still alive. 今天，我们的英语教师王老师没有教我们课本上的内容。而是给我们讲了一个真实的故 事。她问我们是否听说过母亲节。然后她讲到，是一个叫安娜·查韦斯的女性在20 世纪初 发起了母亲节。 安娜在自己的母亲去世后请求美国总统，把母亲节定为一个特殊的节日。她 希望孩子们能在母亲尚健在时对他们的母亲说“谢谢”。 tell sb. a real story 讲一个真实的故事 be alive 活着 The fish we caught is still alive. 我们所捕的鱼还活着。 5. Then Miss Wang asked us if we knew when it was Mothers Day. Nobody was sure about the date except Dave. He told us that in North America, Mothers Day was the second Sunday in May. He explained to us that he did a special breakfast for his mother on the last Mothers Day, and let her eat it in bed! His mother was moved to tears because she hadnt expected that. 接着王老师问我们是否知道哪一天是母亲节。除了大卫， 其他人都不清楚。大卫告诉我 们，在北美洲， 5 月的第二个星期日是母亲节。他向我们解释说去年母亲节，他为自己的母 亲做了一顿特殊的早餐，并端到了她的床前。他的母亲被感动得流泪了，因为她没有想到大 卫会这样做。 be sure about 对, 有把握 Be you sure about that? 这事你能肯定吗？ I will not be too sure about that. 这件事我不太有把握。 You can be sure about their interest in it. 你可以肯定他们对它很感兴趣。 6. We begin to understand why Miss Wang started the topic. Mothers Day was just around the corner! Then somebody asked if there was a Father s Day? “Yes”, Miss Wang said, “Why there wasn t? Whoknows something about the Fathers Day?” “Nobody answered. She told us that Father s Day was the third Sunday of June. The first Fathers Day began in 1910 in the United States. Mrs. John B. Dodd wanted a special day for her father. Since her mother had died young , her father took care of his six children alone. She wanted to tell the whole world that her father was her hero! 我们开始明白王老师引发这个话题的原因了。母亲节就在眼前了！接着有人问是否有父 亲节。“有，”王老师说道，“为什么没有呢？谁知道有关父亲节的事情？”没有人回答。 她告诉我们父亲节是6 月的第三个星期日。在美国，第一个父亲节是在1910 年确定的。约 用心爱心专心 翰·布鲁斯·多德女士想让她的父亲有一个特殊的节日。她的母亲很年轻就去世了，从此后 她的父亲独自照顾着6 个孩子。她想告诉全世界她的父亲就是她的英雄。 begin to do sth. 开始做某事 around the corner 在角落里；即将到来 the whole world 全世界 知识链接： a whole cake 整个蛋糕 They told me the whole story. 他们给我讲了整个故事。 the whole truth 全部真相 all与 whole 的区别 有时这两个词含义大致相同，只是位置不同： all 要放在冠词、指示代词、物主代词 等之前，而whole 应放在这些词之后。如： all the family / the whole family 全家 在复数名词前一般用all ，在单数可数名词前一般要用whole。如： All the children enjoyed themselves. 所有的孩子都过得很快活。 The whole building was burning. 整座大楼都在燃烧。 注：它们在意义上有差别：all指“一 个不剩” ( 即“全部”) ； whole 指“一点不 缺”( 即“整个” ) 。 在不可数名词之前一般用all ，而不用 whole ( 但偶尔有例外：the whole time / all the time; his whole energy / all his energy等) ，但在物质名词前是绝对不能用whole 的。如： 误： the whole money 正： all the money 所有的钱 误： the whole food 正： all the food 所有的食物 误： the whole wine 正： all the wine 所有的酒 在表地点的专有名词之前, 一般用 all 而不用 whole 如： all China (全中国 ) ，但 可说 the whole of China. 在时间名词(如 day, week, month, year 等) 以及季节名词 ( spring, summer, autumn, winter )之前，两者都可用。如： all (the) day / the whole day 整天 all (the) spring / the whole spring 整个春天 注：在表示时间的hour 和 century 之前，一般只用whole, 不用 all 用心爱心专心 如： I waited for her the(或 a) whole hour. 我等了她整整一小时。 7. Suddenly the noisy class was quiet. We were all wondering how we would thank our parents in a special way, and what presents would please them most. We were imagining how happy and surprised they would be at that moment. 喧闹的教室突然变得安静下来。我们都在想如何以一种特殊的方式感谢我们的父母亲， 以及什么样的礼物会最令他们感到高兴。我们在想象那一刻他们该是多么高兴和吃惊呀。 noisy 嘈杂的 , 吵闹的 , 熙熙攘攘的 例如： a noisy crowd 喧闹的人群 a noisy boy 吵闹的孩子 the noisy city 喧闹的城市 The noisy traffic is a continual annoyance to the citizens.城里的交通噪声总 是使城市居民烦恼。 I wonder. In England, each man speaks a different language. 我感到十分惊奇, 在英国每个人都说着一种不同的语言。 I wonder at his rudeness. 我对他的粗鲁感到奇怪。 He wondered why people built ugly homes, when they could have beautiful ones. 他很奇怪为什么人们本可以造出漂亮的房屋, 而偏偏建造出丑陋的房子来。 I am wondering how to do it. 我想知道怎么做这个。 Ted wondered why he was wanted by the police, but he went to the station yesterday. 特德不知道为什么警察局要他去, 但昨天他去了。 I wonder why James is always late for school. 我想知道为什么詹姆斯上学总是 迟到。 直接引语和间接引语： （1） 直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时， 要用连词 whether 或 if 引导（选 择疑问句必须用whether 引导） 。同时把原来的疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。主句中的谓语 动词是 said时，要改为asked。没有间接宾语时，还可以根据具体情况加一个间接宾语， 动词的时态和人称同时做相应的变化。 例如： “Are you a student of International Middle School?” she asked me. She asked me if I was a student of International Middle School. “Are you going to the party or not?” Mike said Mike asked me whether I was going to the party. 用心爱心专心 （2）当被引述的话是特殊疑问句时，原来的疑问词保留，语序变成陈述句语序，动词 的时态和人称做相应的变化。 “When will you finish your story?” Mary said to Grandpa. Mary asked Grandpa when he would finish his story. “How did you cook the dish?” Grace asked Lin Li. Grace aske d Lin Li how she had cooked this dish. 【典型例题】 I. 请在下列空白处填上适当的词语，使句意不变。 1. She said, “Are you from the south?” She asked _ I _ from the south. 2. Mom said to me, “Don t tell a lie.” Mom _ me _ _ tell a lie. 3. Susan said to me, “We visited the Red Star Farm last week.” Susan told me that _ _ _ the Red Star Farm _ _ _. 4. Mr. Paul said to us, “Light travels faster than sound.” Mr. Paul _ us that light _ faster than sound. 5. “Go and post the letters,” the manager said to him. The manager _ him _ _ and post the letters. II. 请将下列直接引语改为间接引语。 1. “I m glad to receive your e-mail, ” he said . _ 2. He said to me, “Are you going home this weekend?” _ 3. “How do you like the food here?” she said . _ _ 4. She said to me, “Don t ride in the street.” _ 5. “Stand where you are!” the police said to the young man. _ 6. He says, “The meeting is over.” _ 用心爱心专心 7. She said, “The earth goes round the sun.” _ _ 8. She said , “He is coming here this week.” _ 9. “Do you know Bill?” he said. _ 10. “Did you telephone Li Lei yesterday?” he asked. _ 11. She said, “ Mary, when is the next train?” _ 12. “Hurry up. ” she said. _