[专业英语考试复习资料]专业八级分类模拟21.docx

专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟21专业英语考试复习资料专业八级分类模拟21专业八级分类模拟21LANGUAGE USAGEFor the last fifteen or twenty years the fashion in criticism orappreciation or the arts have been to deny the existence of any valid 1criteria and to make the words "good" or "bad" irrelevant, immaterial,and inapplicable. There is no such thing, we are told, like a set of standards 2first acquired through experience and knowledge and late imposed on 3the subject under discussion. This has been a popular approach, forit relieves the critic of the responsibility of judgment and the publicby the necessity of knowledge. It pleases those resentful of disciplines, 4it flatters the empty-minded by calling him open-minded, it comforts 5the confused. Under the banner of democracy and the kind of qualitywhich our forefathers did not mean, it says, in effect, "Who are you totell us what is good or bad?" This is same cry used so long and so 6effectively by the producers of mass media who insist that it is the public,not they, who decide what it wants to hear and to see, and that for a critic 7to say that this program is bad and that program is good is pure a 8reflection of personal taste. Nobody recently has expressed thisphilosophymost succinctly than Dr. Frank Stanton, the highly intelligent president of 9CBS television. At a hearing before the Federal CommunicationsCommission,this phrase escaped from him under questioning: "One mans mediocrity 10is another mans good program".1.答案:havehas解析 该句的主语the fashion是单数，所以谓语动词have也应相应的变为单数has。2.答案:likeas解析 such as为固定搭配，没有such like这一说法。3.答案:latelater解析 这里later和上文first对应。later后来，稍后。4.答案:byof/from解析 relieve sb. of/from sth. 意为“减轻(负担)”，为固定搭配。5.答案:himthem解析 先行词是the empty-minded，the加形容词表示一类人，是复数概念，所以宾语应该改为复数them。6.答案:issamethe解析 the same表示“相同的，同一的”，因此same前必须加定冠词。7.答案:decidedecides解析 从后面的it可以看出该句的主语the public表示的是单数概念，所以decide应相应的变为decides。8.答案:purepurely解析 purely在此句中作状语，修饰谓语动词，因此应使用副词形式。9.答案:mostmore解析 more than为固定搭配。10.答案:fromfrom解析 escape此处意为“不知不觉地被说出来”，是及物动词，不需要再添加介词。意为“逃跑”时，为不及物动词。Artists use caricature to distort the human face or figure for comicaffect, while at the same time capturing an identifiable likeness and 11suggests the essence of the personality or character beneath the surface. 12The humor lies in the fact the caricature is recognizable, and yet 13exaggerated. From their origin in Europe as witty sketches, caricature grew 14 through the eighteenth and nineteenth century, becoming enormously 15popular in the United States early in this century. In 1920s and 1930sespecially, this lively form of illustration was appeared in newspapers and 16magazines throughout the country. The caricaturists in this era drew his 17portraits of important figures primary to entertain. In spirit their work was 18close to the humor of the fast-developing comic strip and gag cartoon 19than to the string of political satire. Their subjects were more oftenamusing than offended by their amiable attacks. 2011.答案:affecteffect解析 该题考查相近词辨析。affect作“影响”讲是动词，这里需要一个名词，所以affect改为effect。12.答案:suggestssuggesting解析 该句为while引导的从句，句中suggest与capturing并列，形式相同，所以要改为suggesting。13.答案:factthethat解析 fact后为同位语从句，引导同位语从句的关系词不可省略，所以fact后要添加that。14.答案:theirits解析 这里需要指代caricature这个单数名词，所以要改为单数形式its。15.答案:centurycenturies解析 原文为the eighteenth and nineteenth century，表示的是十八、十九两个世纪，所以century应该为复数形式centries。16.答案:waswas解析 appear是不及物动词，不用于被动语态。17.答案:histheir解析 这里指代的是复数名词the caricaturists，应用复数their。18.答案:primaryprimarily解析 在这里primarily作状语，修饰不定式短语要用副词，所以primary改为primarily。19.答案:closecloser解析 从后面的than可以看出这里是比较状语从句，所以close应改为其比较级形式。20.答案:amusingamused解析 主语subject和amuse是逻辑动宾关系，amuse应使用过去分词形式amused。"Home, sweet home" is a phrase that expresses an essentialattitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in thefamily house is sweet or no sweet, the cherished ideal of home 21has great importance for many people. This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlersof the American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house 22for ones family, and started a farm. These small households were 23portraits of independence: the entire family-mother, father, children,even grandparentslive in a small house and working together to 24support each other. Anyone understood the life-and-death importance 25of family cooperation and hard work. Although most people in theUnited States no longer live on farms, but the ideal of home ownership 26is just as strong in the twentieth century as it was in the nineteenth.When U.S. soldiers came home before World War , for example, 27they dreamed of buying houses and starting families. But there was 28a tremendous boom in home building. The new houses, typically inthe suburbs, were often small and more or less identical, but it satisfied 29a deep need. Many regarded the single-family house the basis of their 30way of life.21.答案:nonot解析 whether.or not为固定句型。22.答案:placeland解析 place作“地方”讲，是可数名词。而land“土地，田地”是不可数名词。a piece of后面接不可数名词，所以要改为不可数名词land。23.答案:startedstart解析 find，build和start为平行结构，均为不定式，所以start也应为不定式形式。24.答案:workingwork解析 work应用一般现在时，和live形式一致，family在这里作“家人”讲，为复数，所以working要改为work。25.答案:anyoneeveryone解析 everyone表示“每个人”，anyone意为“任何人”，根据句意可知该处表示的是每一个人，而不是anyone表泛指，所以要改为everyone。26.答案:butbut解析 although和but不能同时出现在同一个转折复合句中。27.答案:beforeafter解析 应该是战争结束，士兵才能回家。所以这里要表达的是二战“以后”，应将before改为after。28.答案:ButAnd解析 根据语意，士兵们梦想着买房，然后出现了建房热潮。这里要表达的是递进关系，而不是转折关系。29.答案:itthey解析 这里的代词指代的是复数名词houses，因此应该用复数。30.答案:housetheas解析 regard.as是固定搭配，意为“把当作”。There are robots all along, making our lives easier. Some of 31them, like the pocket calculator, can work much more quickly as 32human beings can. And they rarely make mistakes. In some ways robots are better than people. They work quickly, but not to make mistakes. They do not get boring doing the same job 33over and over again. And they never get tired. So are robots very useful in factories. They can be taught to do 34 many different jobs. First their electronic brains must show how the 35job is done. A person moves the robots "arms" and "hand" througheach part of the job. The robots brain remembers each move. Whenthe robot is put to work on its itself, its brain controls the rods, wheels 36and motors which move its arm. When the robot needed for a new job, its electronic memory is 37 "wiped clean". Then it is taught how to do its new task. If the robots hand stops to work, or if something gets in the 38 way, it cannot do the next part of the job. So it starts and signals 39for help. Then a human engineer attends to the fault. Robots are also used for doing jobs which are dangerous. They can move objects which are too hot or too heavy to people to handle. 40They can work in places which are too hot or too cold.31.答案:alongaround解析 all around到处，随处。along表示“顺着，沿着”，all along表示“自始至终，一直”。所以只有all around符合句意。32.答案:asthan解析 根据上面的more可知这里要使用连词than引导出比较对象，而不是as。33.答案:boringbored解析 boring(某物)令人厌倦的，使人讨厌的。bored(某人)感到厌倦的。boring用来形容物，而bored用来形容人。该句的主语为人，所以要用bored。34.答案:are robotsrobots are解析 so此处作连词，意为“因此，所以”，引导目的或结果状语从句，句子不用倒装。如果表示“也如此”时，就要用倒装结构。35.答案:showbe shown解析 句中their electronic brains和show是逻辑动宾关系，因此要用被动语态。36.答案:itselfown解析 on ones own“自己，独自”，是固定搭配。或者也可以用by oneself表示。所以此处应将itself改为own。37.答案:robotneededis解析 need和主语the robot是逻辑动宾关系，因此need要使用被动语态。38.答案:to workworking解析 stop doing sth. 停止做某事。stop to do sth. 停下来以便做某事。根据句意为机器人停止正在做的事情，所以要用working。39.答案:startsstops解析 上文讲机器人无法做接下来的工作，所以会停下来，发送求救信号。这里要表达“停下来”的意思，而不是“开始，着手”。40.答案:第一个tofor解析 adj+for sb. to do sth. 为固定用法。Universities are no longer relatively empty in summer. Asthe students move out, holiday-makers move, even to the most 41unlikely campuses. That started in a small way a few years ago 42with student residences being used as cheap bed-and-breakfastplaces for touring groups, often old or foreign, is now turning to 43a money-spinner as more universities begin to enter the packageholiday business. Three years before most universities had to find 44ways of generating the more income after government spending cuts 45in the university sector. Universities with suitable accommodationare leting it as a self-catering base for a touring holiday or, in the 46more ambitious schemes such as those in Aberdeen and Kent,building a package of visits around it. The bargain-hunting publicare responding well with budget-priced accommodation with 47superb sports and social facilities. Price range from the modest to 48the ridiculously cheap. Manchester University, for instance, offersa week accommodation in a self-catering flat for $23 a head, half 49the price of one nights bed and breakfast in a first-class city centerhotel. There are possible inconveniences in these universities, e. g.,for couples it is the disadvantage of single beds in separate rooms. 50But the welcome is warm and genuine, everything is absolutely clean,and facilities such as a laundry, bars and parking are all available.41.答案:holiday-makers movein解析 该句表达的是“学生搬出去，度假者搬进来”这样可与前面从句中的move out构成对比，搬进来为move in。42.答案:ThatWhat解析 这里需要由what引导名词性从句在句中作主语。43.答案:tointo解析 turn into变成，成为。turn to求助于；转向；变成(颜色转变)。所以根据句意这里是“变成”的意思，要用介词into。44.答案:beforeago解析 ago表示从现在起的若干时间以前，意思是“距今以前”，常和过去时连用。已过去为起点则用before，常和完成时连用。本句是以现在时间为起点，所以要用ago。45.答案:thethe解析 此处的比较级more income表示“更多的收入”，为泛指，不能加the。比较级中如果表示特指，如the smarter one of the two boys“在这两个男孩中更加聪明的那一个”则要加the。46.答案:letingletting解析 此处为拼写错误。注意let的-ing形式要双写t。47.答案:withto解析 respond to，意为“对作出反应，回应”。48.答案:priceprices解析 range from的主语一般要表示复数概念，该句意为“价格不等，从适中到便宜得离谱的都有”，所以price要用复数形式。49.答案:weekweeks解析 此处要用名词所有格作定语，表示“一周的住宿”。50.答案:itthere解析 构成there be句型，与前一句相对称。 14 / 14