最新Book3Unit2汇编.doc

.重点单词识记1defeat /dIfit/ vt.击败，战胜2replace /rIpleIs/ vt.替换，代替，取代；把放回原处3therefore /ðef(r)/ adv.因此，所以4process /prses/ n过程；进程5ban /bæn/ vt.&n.禁止；取缔6unique /jnik/ adj.独特的；独一无二的7distinguish /dIstIwI/ vt.区分，辨别；使具有某种特征8shortcoming /tkmI/ n缺点，短处9practical /præktIkl/ adj.切实可行的，实用的10thus /ðs/ adv.以此方式，如此；因此，从而11occupy /kjpaI/ vt.占领；占用(时间、空间等)occupation n占领；占用；工作，职业12mixture /mIkst(r)/ n混合，混合体mix v混合；调配mixed adj.混合的，混杂的13contribution /kntrIbjun/ n贡献，促成因素；捐赠contribute vt.&vi.捐献，捐赠，捐助；贡献；促成，导致14entire /IntaI(r)/ adj.完全的，整个的entirely adv.完全地，整个地15distinction /dIstIkn/ n区别，差别；优秀；辨别distinct adj.不同的；清晰的；明显的16concern /knsn/ n关心；忧虑；vt.涉及；使担忧；对感兴趣concerned adj.担心的，忧虑的concerning prep.关于，涉及17access /ækses/ vt.进入；使用；n.通道；(使用的)机会，权利accessible adj.可使用的；可接触到的；可到达的；易理解的18conclusion /knklun/ n结论；推论conclude vi.& vt.(使)结束；下结论；推断19custom /kstm/ n风俗，习俗customer n顾客；消费者customs n海关；关税20interrupt /Intrpt/ vi.&vt.插嘴，打断，暂停interruption n打断，中断21mistaken /mIsteIkn/ adj.错误的；误解的mistake n错误；vt.弄错；误解22differ /dIf(r)/ vi.相异，有区别different adj.不同的difference n不同(之处)23represent /reprIzent/ vt.代表；展示，描绘representative n代表24combine /kmbaIn/ vt.&vi.组合；(使)联合combination n联合；结合25indicate /IndIkeIt/ vt.显示，表示；象征，暗示indication n显示；表明26press /pres/ vt.(被)压，挤，推，施加压力；n.报刊；新闻界；出版社pressure n压力；挤压27convenient /knvinInt/ adj.方便的，便利的convenience n方便，便利；便利的设施或用具inconvenient adj.不方便的.重点短语识记1be made up of/consist of由组成(构成)2name after以命名3aside from除之外4play a part in在中起作用5take control of控制，取得对的控制6lead to导致；通向7make contributions to对作出贡献8add.to.把加到上9come into use开始使用10be up to sb.由某人决定，取决于某人11up and down上上下下12differ from和不同，不同于13stand for代表，象征；支持，主张14as a whole作为整体，总体上15as a result of作为的结果，由于.经典原句默写与背诵1On the other hand，the English language did borrow many words from French.另一方面，英语确实从法语中借用了很多单词。2After the Norman Conquest，high­class people spoke French while common people spoke English.诺曼征服后，上层阶级的人们说法语，而普通人则说英语。3The question of whether English will keep on changing in the future is easy to answer.英语将来会不会继续变化的问题是很容易回答的。4The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that，instead of an alphabet，it uses characters which stand for ideas，objects or deeds.汉语与西方语言不同，区别在于它不使用字母，而是用汉字表示思想、物体和行为。5While the students found the soldiers idea interesting，the system was too difficult to be of practical use.虽然学生们都觉得士兵的想法非常有趣，但这一方法太过复杂，并不实用。1Any time is convenient for me.So please come at your convenience(convenient)2The man，who is reported to have contributed a great deal of money in the past few years，has made great contributions (contribute) to charity in China.3We should all be concerned (concern) about the state of our environment and we must do all we can to reduce pollution.4Your information is inaccurate and your conclusion (conclude) is therefore wrong.5If Im not mistaken (mistake)，thats the man we saw on the bus.6The computer is too old and has to be replaced (替换)7Would you mind my interrupting (打断) you for a while?8The campaign is intended to raise (提高) peoples awareness of saving water.9Most of the bedroom is occupied (占据) by the big bed.10The only access (通道) to the village was blocked because of the heavy snow.1occupy oneself with sth./in doing sth.忙于做某事be occupied (房间、座位、床位等)被占用；被占有be occupied (in) doing sth.忙于做某事be occupied with sth.从事(忙于)做某事occupation n.工作；职业；占据Land is，in most instances，purchased by those who occupy it.在大多数情况下，土地都是由其使用者购得。Having retired from business，he now occupies himself with the welfare of the disabled.从公司退休之后，他现在忙于残疾人的福利。夯实基础用occupy的适当形式填空(1)I have been occupied in reading history books.(2)I supposed I was looking for an occupation which was going to be an adventure.2consist of(be made up ofbe composed of)由组成consist in(lie in)在于；存在于be consistent with与一致的；符合的His breakfast consists of dry bread and a cup of tea.他的早餐由不涂黄油的面包和一杯茶组成。Good service consists in punctuality and dependability.良好的服务在于守时与可靠。特别提醒consist of不用于被动语态和进行时态。夯实基础同义句改写This club consists of eight members.(1)This club is made up of eight members.(用be made up of改写句子)(2)This club is composed of eight members.(用be composed of改写句子)3make a contribution/contributions to对作出贡献contribute.to.把贡献给contribute to(result in/lead to)有助于；导致；把时间投入到Would you like to make a contribution to the hospital building fund？你愿意为医院建设基金捐款吗？He contributed a lot of good ideas to the discussion.他在这次讨论中提出很多好的想法。图解助记夯实基础(1)同义句改写Various factors contributed to his downfall.Various factors resulted in/led to/were responsible for/caused his downfall.(2)His profound learning and sharp eyes contributed to(是的原因) this new discovery.4replace.with.用替换in place of代替take ones place代替；就座take the place of代替My daughter replaced the cup carefully in the saucer.我女儿小心翼翼地把杯子放回茶碟。Im going to replace my old car with a new one.我打算买辆新车来取代那辆旧车。夯实基础用上述短语填空(1)It is still under discussion whether the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not.(2)No teacher can take the place of our parents because they are our most devoted and best teachers.5 concern v.影响(affect)；涉及(involve)，与有关；让(某人)担忧(be worried about)； n.担心，忧虑；关心concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的；感兴趣的as far as sb.be concerned就某人而言be concerned about/for (concern oneself about/for)对担心/关心be concerned with sb./sth.(concern oneself with sb./sth)与有关concerning prep.关于It is love and concern that have brought about the great changes.是爱和关心带来了这巨大的变化。 (2011·福建·书面表达)夯实基础用concern的适当形式填空 (1)For more information concerning the club contact IColdwell. (2)I just spoke with a very concerned mother. (3)Government officials remain concerned about the fragility(脆弱) of the financial sector.6ban sb.from (doing) sth.禁止某人(做)某事a ban on sth.对的禁令put/place a ban on sth.宣布禁止under a ban受禁止；被查禁The Chinese government has decided to ban smoking in public places across the country.中国政府已经决定在全国范围内的公共场合禁止吸烟。(2010·广东·基础写作)There is to be a total ban on smoking in the office.办公室将彻底禁止吸烟。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)After the accident，he was banned from driving.(2)He says the proposals may include a ban on drunken driving.7 access n.(接近的)方法(means)；通路(path；road)；入径(way)；(使用或见到的)机会；权利(常与to连用)(opportunity，or right to use)；可接近性have/get/obtain/gain access to拥有的机会；可以接近；进入give access to准许进入(接近)accessible adj.可到达的；易懂的；随和的be accessible to可接近的；可靠近的；可使用的I know you are interested in Chinese culture，especially Chinese drama，in consequence of which you are studying in China，and now you have great access to it.我知道你对中国文化，尤其是中国戏剧很感兴趣，也正因为这你正在中国学习，现在你可以了解它了。 (2012·天津·书面表达)Women have no access to education in old days.在过去，妇女没有受教育的权利。特别提醒access前通常不加冠词，且access短语中的to是介词。夯实基础The new system has been designed to give students quick and easy access to(让学生便捷、容易地获得) the digital resources of the library.8It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.女子早婚是那个国家的习俗。As was his custom，he knocked three times.他敲了三下，这是他的习惯。词义辨析custom，habit(1)custom指长期形成的包括habit在内的风俗，是社会风尚、礼仪、习惯的总和，多指社会或群体的风俗、习俗。(2)habit是指一种不断重复的行为，这种行为或倾向，一时难以改变，多指个人习惯。夯实基础用custom，habit的适当形式填空(1)Social customs vary greatly from country to country.(2)Some people say that smoking is a bad habit.9differ from不同于；和不同differ in在方面不同make a difference有差别，有影响tell the difference between A and B 分清A和Bbe different from.in.在方面与不同The story he told the police differed from the one he told his mother.他在警方和母亲那里说辞不一。The two leaders had differed on the issue of sanctions.两位领导人在制裁问题上存在意见分歧。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)Humans differ from other animals in their ability to speak.(2)Foreign auto makers differ in their response to the slowdown.(3)What you have told me may make a difference to my own position.combine.with.把与结合起来be combined with与结合combine against为反对联合起来in combination with与联合He will combine the two jobs over the next three years.今后3年，他将同时兼顾这两项工作。The workers combined against the boss.工人们联合起来反对工头。夯实基础用combine的适当形式填空(1)These refugees are looked after by the combined efforts of the host countries and non­governmental organizations.(2)Each side benefits a lot from combination.(3)Indeed，combining forces with China in Afghanistan might even improve the relationship between Washington and Beijing. distinguish v.区分；辨别；分清(recognize the difference between)；成为的特征(be characteristic)；使有别于distinguish.from.使别于的特征；区分和distinguish between.and.区分和be distinguished for因而出名be distinguished as辨别为；称之为It is necessary to distinguish the policies of two successive governments.分清前后两届政府的政策很有必要。Research suggests that babies learn to see by distinguishing between areas of light and dark.研究表明婴儿通过辨别光亮和黑暗的区域来学会看东西。夯实基础用distinguish的适当形式填空(1)Distinguished guests and friends，welcome to our school，attending the ceremony of the 50th Anniversary this morning are our alumni from home and abroad.(2)The bird has no distinguishing features.单项填空1Im sure your suggestion will the problem.Acontribute to solvingBbe contributed to solveCcontribute to solveDbe contributed to solving答案A解析contribute to表示“有助于，促成”，其中to为介词，后面要跟名词或动名词。句意为：我相信你的建议将有助于解决这个问题。2 herself with routine office tasks，she had no time to attend to her children.AOccupying BOccupiedCBeing occupied DTo be occupied答案A解析occupy oneself with/in doing sth.忙于(做)某事。在句中occupy与主语she之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式作状语。3The story that follows two famous characters of the Rocky Mountain gold rush days.Aconcerns BconcerningCto concern Dconcern答案A解析that follows为定语从句，所以空格处应为谓语动词。.选词填空1Many people expect that credit cards will eventually replace paper money for almost every purchase.2The thirteen stars on the American flag represent the thirteen colonies that announced independence.3Color blind people often find it difficult to distinguish between blue and green.4She tried to explain，but the chairman interrupted her in the mid­sentence.汉译英1就我而言，骑自行车是一个好的解决办法。(as far as sb.be concerned) (2011·江西·写作)As far as Im concerned，riding bicycles is a good solution.2以下是中国的一些风俗。(custom) (2009·四川，书面表达)The following are some Chinese customs.1The school was named after a great educator.2Aside from being fun and good exercise，swimming is a very useful skill.3Everyone likes roses，which stand for love.4His fault in work led to a frightening fire，because of which he was fired.5Television differs from radio in that it sends and receives pictures.6After about half an hour，the firefighters took control of the fire which broke out in the chemical factory.1lead sb.to do.使某人做lead sb.to.使某人得出lead the way带路lead sb.by the nose牵着某人的鼻子走in the lead领先；处于首位take the lead带头；领先In class I will divide the students into small groups and lead them to practice speaking English in an interesting way.在课堂上我把学生分成小组用有趣的方法让他们练习说英语。 (2010·天津·书面表达)Not far away there is a bridge that can lead him to the tree for more fruit.不远处有一座桥可以让他到达树旁摘到更多的水果。(2011·北京·开放作文)夯实基础完成句子(1)That can lead to(导致) serious consequences.(2)With him leading the way(带路)，we got there without any difficulty.2stand by站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持stand out突出stand doing/to do容忍做as it stands照此情况，照这个样子from where I stand以我的观点(立场)Im not standing for it any longer.这种事我再也不能容忍了。In the picture，there stands a tree full of fruit on one side of the stream.图画中，小河的一边立着一棵结满果实的树。(2011·北京·开放作文)夯实基础选词填空(1)How can you stand by and see him accused of something he didnt do?(2)The new road sign is easy to read；the words stand out well.(3)I disagreed fundamentally with what the party stood for.3on the whole大体上；基本上the whole of整个The festival will be great for our city and for the country as a whole.这次会演对我们城市乃至整个国家都将是意义重大的。On the whole，life was much quieter after John left.总的来说，自从约翰离开以后，生活变得平静多了。夯实基础完成句子(1)The department as a whole(整体来看) has performed well this year.(2)On the whole(基本上)，he got what he wanted.单项填空1The discovery of the new evidence led to .Athe thief having caughtBcatch the thief Cthe thief being caughtDthe thief to be caught答案C解析lead to导致，to为介词，排除B项；the thief与catch之间为被动关系，排除A项；根据题意这贼已被抓，又排除D项。2The good result the correct methods，that is to say，correct methods lead to good result.Alies Blay inClies in Dlay答案C解析由后一句的谓语lead to可知，此句应用一般现在时。lie in在于。.选词填空1He has been acting very strangely these days.I cant stand for his actions any longer.2There are some spelling and grammar mistakes in your graduation paper，but on the whole it is satisfactory.3We should hold a meeting to decide who should be sent to take control of the project.4Quite aside from the fact that he has no qualifications，Mr.Berry is not a suitable person to work here.汉译英在中国，这些结代表着友谊、爱和好运。(stand for) (2013·新课标全国·书面表达)In China，these knots stand for friendship，love and good luck.用适当的连接词填空1When and where the meeting will take place has not been decided yet.2She had given them a hint(暗示) what they should do.3Which design is the best must be tried in practice.4Thats how he has conquered all the difficulties in learning English.5Tell me why you didnt come to class yesterday. That is why English has so many difficult rules that confuse people.那是英语有许多难的令人困惑不解的规则的原因。This/That is why.这/那就是为什么，这/那就是的原因This/That is because.这/那是因为The reason why.is that.原因是Thats why I left so early.这就是我早早离开的原因。夯实基础用适当的连词填空(1)This is why they cannot be used everywhere.(2)This is because nothing focuses minds faster than a war.(3)The reason why the lawyers were wary was that e­mail cannot be destroyed.单项填空1He got killed in the accident.Thats he was careless.Abecause Bwhy Cwhat Dthat答案A解析句意为：在事故中他死去了。那是因为他粗心的缘故。Thats because那是因为。2Occasions are quite rare I have the time to spend a day with my kids.Awho Bwhich Cwhy Dwhen答案D解析句意为：我一整天都和孩子们待在一起的这种机会是很少的。when引导的从句作occasions的同位语。3Whether ways will be found to stop pollution is just worries the public.Awhich Bthat Cwhat Dwhere答案C解析句意为：是否能找到制止污染的方法是公众所担心的。所选项引导表语从句，并在从句中作主语，故用what；which哪一个；that引导名词性从句时，在从句中不作任何成分；where作状语。.汉译英汤姆开会迟到了，那是因为他病了。(That is because.)Tom came late for the meeting.That was because he was ill.1It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike. (2012·新课标全国，24)Ahow Bwhich Cthat