最新人教版新目标七年级英语下册重点词汇和语法知识名师优秀教案.doc

人教版新目标七年级英语(下册)重点词汇和语法知识人教版新目标七年级英语(下册)重点词汇知识 Unit 1 ; 澳大利亚 1.*Australia n.澳洲*Australian n./ adj.澳大利亚人 / 澳大利亚(人)的 2. country n. 国家;农村，乡下 in the country 在乡下 3. live v.居住 4. *language n.语言 5. dislike v.讨厌;不喜欢;n.反感;厌恶(的对象) Unit 2 1. *restaurant n.餐馆;饭店 2. *supermarket n.超级市场 3. pay 付钱;支付 pay for sth. 为付款 pay to sb. for sth.为向某人付款 pay back偿还 pay off偿清债务等 pay phone n.投币式公用电话 4. *avenue n.大街;林荫道 5. there adv. 在那儿;那里 here be.+介词短语(某地或某时有某物，表示存在) t6. near prep.在-附近 ;在对面 7. across prep.横过go/ walk across从表面横过 across from 在-对面 8. next to 紧靠-的旁边;贴近;最接近 9. between 介于(两者)之间 10. in front of 在-前面 11. behind 在-之后 12. fall behind落于之后 13. *neighborhood n.附近;街区;附近地区 14. *straight adv.一直;直接 go/ walk straight (to)朝着直走 15. left adv.,n.向左;左边 16. right adv.,n.向右;右边 on the left/ right (side of) 在(的)左/右边 17. down adv.,prep.向下;下去;沿着 go down沿往下走;下降，降(价) turn down调低(音量)，拒绝某人/某事 break down 出故障;弄坏;失败 18. *district n.区域;地方 19. enjoy v.享受-的乐趣;欣赏 enjoy (doing) sth.喜欢做某事 enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快 (=have a good time, have fun) 20. through v.穿过; 通过 go/ get through通过, 经由 get through接通(电话) look through彻底检查;翻阅 21. have fun 玩得开心 have fun doing sth. 22. arrive vi.到达;抵达 arrive in/ at到达 23. pass v. 通过; 递 pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb.递给某人 pass away 去世;过世 24. hope v.希望;盼望;期待 +(to do)sth. / that从 句 Unit 3 1. cute adj.可爱的;聪明的 2. smart adj.聪明的;漂亮的 3. *animal n.动物 4. south n.南;南方; adj.在南方的;南部的;向南的 southern adj. 南部的 north northern east eastern west western 5. during prep在-期间 6. at night 在晚上; 在夜里 on the night of在的夜里 7. relax v.放松;休息 relaxing adj. 令人放松的;轻松地 relaxed adj. 放松的;感觉轻松的 Unit 4 1. *assistant 助手;助理 2. *reporter 记者;通讯员 3. *policeman 男警察 4. waiter 侍者;服务员 5. waitress 女服务员;女招待员 6. *policewoman女警官;女警察 7. give 给;授予 8. *uniform n.制服 9. sometimes adv.不时;有时 10. in prep.在-期间;在(一段时间)之内;用( 语言);在方面;以形式/状态 11. *dangerous adj.危险的 12. late adv.晚;晚于通常时间 lately adv. 近来;最近 13. *magazine n.杂志;期刊 14. news n.新闻;消息(不可数) 15. *international adj.国际的 Unit 5 1. *apartment n.公寓;住宅 2. sure adv.当然; 的确 be sure+ that从句:确信;肯定 be sure of + sth. 确信;肯定 make sure (+ that从句)确认;确定 3. wait v.等待;等候 wait for 等候;等待 wait to do等着做 (act, active, actively, action) Unit 6 4. *activity n.活动1. rain v.下雨 rainy adj. 下雨的，多雨的 windy adj.有风的;多风的 cloudy adj.多云的;阴天的 sunny adj.阳光充足的 snowy adj.下雪的，多雪的 foggy adj. 有雾的，多雾的 2. weather n.天气;气候 3. cook v.烹调;煮 n.厨师 4. study v.学习 5. hows = how is 6. bad adj.坏的;劣质的 7. terrible adj.很糟的;极坏的;可怕的 8. pretty adv.相当;很;颇 9. hot adj.热的 10. cold adj.寒冷的 11. cool adj.凉爽的 12. warm adj.温暖的;暧和的 13. humid adj.潮湿的;湿润的 14. on vacation 在度假中 15. take a photo 拍照 16. lie v.(现在分词lying) 平卧; 躺;撒谎 lie (lay, lain) 平躺，卧 lie (lied, lied) 存在;位于;撒谎 lay (laid, laid) 产下;放置 17. surprised adj.感到惊讶的 18. surprising adj. 令人惊奇/惊讶的 19. winter n.冬季 20. spring n.春季;泉;泉水 21. summer n.夏季 22. autumn n.秋季(= fall) 23. have a good time 玩得高兴;过得快乐 = have fun, enjoy oneself Review of units 1-6 1. describe v.描述;形容 2. talk about 谈论;讨论;议论 3. direction n.方向 in this/ that/ the direction朝着.方向 4. more adv.& adj.& pron. (many和much的比较级) 更;更多(的) 5. most adv. & adj. & pron.(many和much的最高级) 最;最多(的) 6. *following adj.下列的;下述的 7. in order to 为了 in order +that 从句 8. *improve v. 改进;改善 Unit 7 1. curly adj.卷曲的;卷毛的 2. straight adj.直的;笔直的 go straight to直直地走向 3. tall adj.高的 4. medium adj.中等的 medium height 中等身高 5. thin adj.瘦的;薄的 thick adj. 厚的、浓的 6. heavy adj.重的 heavily adv. 7. like prep.像;如同 be like 象 look like 看起来像 8. always adv.总是;始终 9. popular adj.受欢迎的;通俗的;流行的 be popular with受欢迎 10. blonde adj.金黄色的 11. good-looking adj.漂亮的;好看的 12. a little bit一点儿;少许 13. never adv.决不;从不 14. stop v.停止;终止 stop (doing) sth. 停止(做)某事 stop to do sth. 停下来去做某事 15. remember v.牢记;记住 remember to do记得去做 remember doing记得做过 歌唱家;歌手 17. notany more (= no more)不再 18. not any longer(=no longer) He doesnt sing any more/anylonger after the accident. (=He no longer sings after the accident.) 19. say v.讲(+说话的 n.特色菜 4. *dumpling n.饺子 5. *porridge n.粥;糊 3. large adj.大的;宽广的6. fish n.鱼;鱼肉 v.钓鱼;捕鱼 go fishing 7. reason n.原因;理由 Whats the reason for (doing) sth. Whats the reason for your being late? 你吃到的原因是什么, The reason + why引导的定语从句 The reason why he was late is that he didnt catch the early bus. 他迟到的原因是他没有赶上早班车。 Unit 9 1. was v. (am, is的过去式) 2. did v. (do的过去式) 3. went v.(go的过去式) 4. visit v.拜访;访问 参观者，访问者 5. test n.考试;测验;检测 have a test on对进行检测 6. What about (doing)? .怎么样?= how about 7. stay v.停留;留下;保持 stay at home呆在家里 stay healthy/ calm/ still保持健康/冷静/静止不动 8. do some reading/ shopping/ cleaning 阅读/购物/打扫卫生 9. practice v.练习;实践+(doing)sth. 10. regular adj.正常的;规则的;有规律的 regularly adv. 有规律地 irregular adj.不规则的;无规律的 11. present adj.现在时态的;现在的;目前的 at present目前 12. past adj.过去的 in the past few days/ weeks/ months.在刚刚 过去的几天/几星期/几个月 13. *geography n.地理学 14. spend v.度过;花费 spend (+time) doing sth. spend (+money) on sth. spend (+time & money) +in doing sth. 15. middle school 中学 16. talk show 访谈节目 17. wrote v.(write的过去式) 18. go for a walk 去散步 19. It is time to 该是-的时候了 20. suggest vt. 建议 suggest (doing) sth. suggest (建议) + that 从句(从句谓语动词用do 或者should do) He suggested that we (should) stay calm. suggest (表明)+that从句(从句用陈述语气) Things suggested that we would lose a good chance. *suggestion n.建议;意见 Unit 10 1. camp n.野营;营地 go camping去宿营 2. center n.中心，中央 central adj.中心的;位于中心的 3. didnt = did not 4. fantastic adj.极好的 不友善的;不友好的 6. awful adj.极坏的;极讨厌的 7. delicious adj.美味的 8. expensive adj.昂贵的;价高的 9. crowded adj.拥挤的 10. cheap adj.廉价的;便宜的 11. think of 思考;考虑 12. make v.使; 促使; 迫使;制造;制作 make sb./ sth. do使做 13. decide v.决定;下决心 decide (not) to do决定(不)做 decision n.决定 make a decision about决定做 14. the Palace Museum 故宫 15. discuss v.讨Unit 11 论;议论1. *situation n.情景;形势 2. stand v.忍受 3. mind v.介意 mind (doing) sth.介意(做)某事 Do you mind my smoking here? 4. in fact 实际上;其实;确切地说 = as a matter of fact 5. agree vi. 赞同 agree with sb.同意某人的看法 = agree to + sb.s advice/ opinion/ idea agree on + sth.达成一致 6. by prep.由;被 7. *fashion n.时尚;潮流 fashionable adj. 时尚的 8. put v.放;摆;装 put away 收拾、整理;收好 put down放下;几下;让下车 put into译成;变成 put on穿/戴上(衣帽鞋等) put off(doing sth.)推迟 put out扑灭 put up搭起，支起;举起;张贴 put up with忍受;忍耐 put forward提出(建议，计划等) Unit 12 1. *hallway n.走廊;过道 2. fight v.打架;争吵 fight with与打斗/斗争;与并肩战斗fight against对抗;反抗 3. outside adj.外面的;在外部的 inside adj. 在里面 4. have to 不得不;必须(客观) must 必须(主观) 5. else adj.,adv.其他的;别的;另外的(放在被修饰 的单词后面) sth. else 6. *accessory n.配件;饰品 7. opinion n.意见;看法 in ones opinion以某人之见 人教版新目标七年级英语下册语法 1. 名词所有格 名词如要表示与后面名词的所有关系，通常用 名词所有格的形式，意为"的"。一般有以 下几种形式: 1)一般情况下在词尾加"s"。例如: Kates father Kate的爸爸 my mothers friend 我妈妈的朋友 2)复数名词以s结尾的，只加""。例如: Teachers Day 教师节 The boys game 男孩们的游戏 3)如果复数名词不以s结尾，仍加"s"。例如: Childrens Day 儿童节 Womens Day 妇女节 4)表示两个或几个共有时，所有格应加在后一个 名词上。例如: Lucy and Lilys room Lucy 和Lily的房间 Kate and Jims father Kate 和Jim的爸爸 动物和无生命事物的名词的所有格一般不在词尾加"s"，而常常用介词of的短语来表示。 a map of China 一幅中国地图 the name of her cat 她的猫的名字 a picture of my family the door of the bedroom 卧室的门 2. 祈使句 祈使句主要用来表示说话人的请求、命令、 建议、叮嘱等意图。祈使句一般不用主语，读时用降调。为使语气委婉、礼貌，常在句首或句尾加please 。在句尾时，please前多用逗号。 1)祈使句肯定形式的谓语动词一律用动词原形。 Come in, please. 请进。 Go and see. 去看看。 2)祈使句的否定形式常用dont于句首。 Dont look at your books. 不要看书。 Dont play on the road. 不要在马路上玩。 3. There be 的句子结构 There be是一个"存在"句型，表示"有"的意思， 肯定句的形式为:There be + 名词(单数或复数)+地点状语或时间状语。 意为 "某地有某人或某物"。be的形式与它后面的单词一致(就近一致)。 如: stop doing remember doing practice doing Thanks for doing What about / How about doing be busy doing sth mind doing sth have fun/ trouble/ difficulty (in )doing spend +时间+(in) doing There is an eraser and two pens on the desk. 桌子上有一块橡皮和两支钢笔。 There are two pens and an eraser on the desk. 桌上有两支钢笔和一块橡皮。 1)there be的否定句，即在be的后面加上not。否定形式为:There be + not + (any) + 名词+地点状语。 There arent any books on the desk. 桌子上没书。 2)there be句型的疑问句就是将be提到句首: Be there + (any) +名词+地点状语,肯定回答:Yes, there is / are. 否定回答:No, there isnt / arent. -Is there a dog in the picture? 画上有一只狗吗, -Yes, there is. 有。 -Are there any boats in the river? 河里有船吗, -No, there arent. 没有。 3)特殊疑问句:How many . . . are there (+地点 状语),"某地有多少人或物,"回答用There be . . . Theres one. / There are two / three / some . . . 有时直接就用数字来回答。One. / Two . . . -How many students are there in the class- room? -Theres only one. / There are nine. 3. 动词，doing like doing enjoy doing forget doing finish doing find sb doing sth have fun doing sth regret doing 4. 动词(+sb.) + do(原形) Watch sb do sth help sb do sth make sb do sth lets do sth 5. 动词+ to do decide to do tell sb to do sth want to do sth decide to do sth have to do sth write to sb Its time to do sth stop to do remember to do like to do sth regret to do forget to do would like to do sth remember to do sth hope to do advise sb. to do wish to do wish sb. to do 其他知识点 1. some与any的区别: some用于肯定句和委婉的问句 any 用于否定句和问句 any用于肯定句时意为“任何的” E.g: Id like some dumplings.,Do you have any brothers? Would you like some noodles? 2. at, in, on 在时间用法上的区别 ? on 表示时间时，一般用于某日、某天的上 午、下午、晚上 on Saturday, on Sunday morning ? in 用于表示一段时间或季节(月分、年) in September, in Summer, in 2004 ? at 表示时刻或某一时间点 at ten oclock, at noon(在正午) 3. also, too, either的区别 also也。用于肯定句、否定句、疑问句中; too 多用于肯定句和疑问句末尾; either 用于否定句末尾。 I also like mutton.(=I like mutton,too.) Will they also come? (= Will they come, too?) I dont know much about him, either.(=I also dont know much about him.) 4. other adj./ pron. 别的，另外的。 other 指代单数或者修饰单数名词时，前面必 须用the(the other=the other +单数名词)，指两者中的另一个。 others = other +复数, 别的一些人或物 the others = the other + 复数, 指余下的所有人或物 another (+单数), 又一个，再一个 another + 基数词 + 复数，再一些，又一些 Would you like another cake? I need another ten boys to do the work. 5. 动词时态: 一般现在时:表示现在时间 I用am，you用are， Is紧跟他、她、它(he, she, it); 单数名(词)代(词)(I, you除外)用is, 复数形式全用are。 be+not否定句, be放主语前疑问句; 若有some变any, 灵活运用要牢记。 He speaks French well. He doesnt speak French well. Does he speak French well? How does he speak French? I /You /They like sports. I /You / They dont like sports. Do you / they like sports? What sport do you /they like best? How do the kids know my name? 3) 用法: a. 表示现在时间 He gets up early every morning. b. 表示主语的能力、性质、身份、特征等。 He sings well. I teach English. c. 表示按固定的时间安排将要发生的动作。 Our plane takes off at 10:30. 我们的飞机将在10点半起飞。 一般过去时:表示过去发生的事情或存在的 状态 1) 连系动词be: 一单、三单用was, you和复数用were; was / were+not变否定， was，were提(到主语)前变疑问。 2) 实义动词:行为动词和联系动词(be除外) He/ I / They / did not play tennis yesterday. Did you/ he/ they play tennis yesterday? What did you / he / they play yesterday? 3)用法: a. 表示过去经常性、习惯性的动作。 I often went swimming in the river when I was young. b. 表示过去的状态: There were a lot of animals in this forest thirty years ago. Tom was ill yesterday. c. 表示过去一次性的动作。 He washed his clothes last weekend. Im sorry I didnt find you here. d. 表示过去连续发生的动作。 He got up early and went fishing with his father. He helped mom cook the breakfast and then went to school. e. 表示过去的习惯: 23.53.11加与减（一）4 P4-12I used to swim in this river but now it is badly polluted. Father would teach me how to fish when I was young. He was always the first to get to school when studying here. 六、教学措施：6. 动词的基本形式: tanA不表示“tan”乘以“A”；单数第三人称的构成规则: 1) 直接加-s: moves, likes, wins, swims 锐角A的正弦、余弦和正切都是A的三角函数当锐角A变化时，相应的正弦、余弦和正切之也随之变化。2) 以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i加-es. trytries, studystudies, worryworries 互余关系sinA=cos(90°A)、cosA=sin(90°A)3) 以s, x, ch, sh和o结尾的，加-es. passes, fixes, catches, pushes, does, goes 4) beis 过去式和过去分词的构成规则 156.46.10总复习4 P84-901) 直接加-ed. boiled, fooled, learned, owned, 2) 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的，变y为i再加 -ed. trytried, studystudied, 3)以 “e”结尾的，加-d: lived, moved, liked, fired, 4)以闭音节结尾而且词末只有一个辅音字母 九年级数学下册知识点归纳的，双写词末的辅音字母再加-ed. (2)中心角、边心距：中心角是正多边形相邻两对角线所夹的角，边心距是正多边形的边到圆心的距离.stopped, spotted, slapped(掌掴) 5)不规则动词(略) 现在分词构成规则 10.圆内接正多边形1) 直接加-ing: fishing, doing, cooking, 2. 俯角：当从高处观测低处的目标时，视线与水平线所成的锐角称为俯角2) 以不发音的“e”结尾的，去“e”加-ing: live-living, movemoving, skateskating. 3) 以闭音节结尾而词末只有一个辅音字母的，双写词末的辅音字母再加-ing: stopstopping, forgetforgetting, swimswimming, beginbeginning,