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    英语语法冠词PPT课件.ppt

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    英语语法冠词PPT课件.ppt

    1、不定冠词不定冠词/定冠词定冠词 常放在名词的前面,用来限定名词的意义,起泛指或特指的作用 1、不定冠词、不定冠词a/an的用法:的用法:n不定冠词a/an用在单数名词的前面,a用在辅音音素开头的词前面;an用在元音音素开头的词的前面。n(1)表示“一”这个数量。如:There is a table and four chairs in that dining-room.(在那个餐厅里有一张桌子和四把椅子。)(就近原则)n(2)表示某类人或事物,以区别于其他种类。如:An elephant is much stronger than a man.(大象比人强壮多了。)(不能译为:一头大象比一个人

    2、强壮。)n(3).表示“一个另一个”之意时用one而不用an例:Onemansmeatisanothermanspoision人各有志。n另:在下列情况下,a,one可以互换:n例:ina/oneword简而言之,a/onehundredpercent百分之百,十足n(4).用在单数名词前,相当于某一个或某一位,抑或用在物质名词或抽象名词表“一阵”,“一份”等或表抽象名词具体化。n例:a.AMrLicalledyoutonight,(某一位)nb.Unfortunately,onlythepoorboywascaughtinaheavyrain(表一阵)nc.Throughtheireffor

    3、ts,theirexperimentwasquiteagreatsuccess.(抽象名词具体化)n(5)a/an可表“每一”之意n例:Igothereonceaweektoensurethateverythingisok.(每一周)n(6)两个名词共用一个冠词表同一人或同一物。n例:ascientistandartistnateacherandfriendn注:此类形式做主语时谓语单复数问题。nFinally,theymetaprofessorandwaiterwhoquitefriendly.nA.isB.areC.wasD.weren析:此处profssor与writer属同一人,who

    4、做为定语从句引导词代替故用C.wasn(7)放在形容词最高级前表“很”、“相当”、“非常”n例:Theisamostinterestingfilmn(8)放在序数词前表“又”、“再”之意。n例:Doyouwantasecondcoffee?n你想再来杯咖啡吗?*不定冠词的位置 n不定冠词常位于名词、量词或名词修饰语气前。n1位于下列形容词之后。如:such,many,what,halfetcn例:Manyamanisfitforthejob.n很多人适合这项工作。nIhavenevermetsuchamanlikehim.n我从来就没有遇到像他这样的人。n2.当名词前的形容词被副词as,so,

    5、too,how,however,enough修饰时,不定冠词放在形容词之后。nHewasinfectedwithsodeadlyadiseasethatdoctorswereincompletedoubt.n他感染了致命的疾病以至于医生们束手无策。nHeissuchacleverboythatwealllovehimn3.在asthough引导的让步状语从句中,当表语为adj修饰的名词时,不定冠词在形容词后。n例:Braveamanas/thoughheis,hetremblesatthesightoftigers他尽管勇敢,可见到老虎还是发抖。n4可数单数名词的形容词比较级有nomuch,f

    6、ar,allthe等修饰时,不定冠词位于比较级的形容词之后,名词之前。n例:MrLi,thetutorwasnobetteraschoolarthanmanyanineformboy.n李先生这位家庭教师并不比九年级学生强。固定短语中使用a/an nmanyastudent很多学生,whatapity/ashame!真遗憾!ntakeadeepbreath深呼吸allofasudden突出ninasense在某种意义上。asarule通常nmakealiving谋生。takeaninterestin对有兴趣nkeepaneyeon留意、照看atadistanceof在这处nataloss不知所

    7、措asamatteroffact事实上2、定冠词、定冠词the的用法:的用法:n定冠词the用在可数名词的单数或复数或不可数的名词前面。n(1)表示特指的人或事物。如:The man with a flower in his hand is Jack.(手上拿着一朵花的男人是杰克)n(2)指谈话双方都熟悉的人或事物。如:Look at the blackboard,Lily.(莉莉,请看黑板。)n(3)复述前面提到过的人或事物。如:There is a man under the tree.The man is called Robert.(树下有个人,那个人叫罗伯特。)n(4)表示世界上独一

    8、无二的事物。如:The earth turns around the sun.(地球绕太阳旋转。)n(5)用在表示方位的名词前面。如:There will be strong wind to the south of the Yangtze River.(长江以南地区将会刮大风。)n(6)在序数词和形容词最高级的前面。如:Who is the first one to go?(谁第一个去?)/Of all the stars,the sun is the nearest to the earth.(在所有的恒星之中太阳离地球最近)n(7)常用在乐器名称的前面。如:He began to pla

    9、y the violin at the age of 5.(五岁时他开始拉小提琴)n(8)用在江河、海洋、山脉等名称的前面。如:I have never been to the Himalaya Mountains.(我从来没有去过喜马拉雅山)THE YANGZE RIVER theYellowRivern(9)用在由普通名词构成的专有名词的前面。如:He is from the United States of America.(他来自美利坚合众国)n(10)用在姓氏复数之前表示一家人。如:The Greens are going to Mount Emei next month.(下个月格

    10、林一家要去峨眉山)n(11)same之前一般用the。如:Lucy and Lily lookthe same.(露西和莉莉看上去长得一样)n(12)几个用定冠词的习语:at the same time(与此同时),make the bed(铺床),in the end(最后),all the time(一直),by the way(顺便说一下),on the way(在路上)等等。3、零冠词的情况:、零冠词的情况:n(1)专有名词和(第一次使用)一些不可数名词时前面通常不用。如:China is a very large country.(中国是个大国)/Man needs air and

    11、water.(人类需要空气和水)n(2)名词前已有指示、物主或不定代词作定语时不用。如:My pen is much more expensive than yours.(我的钢笔比你的昂贵多了)n(3)周名,月名或季节名前一般不用。如:He was born on Monday,February 18,1995.(他出生在1995年二月十八日,星期一)/They usually plant trees on the hills in spring.(春天他们通常在山上植树)n(4)(第一次使用)复数名词表示一类人或事物时不用,如:Men are cleverer than monkeys.人

    12、比猴子聪明n(5)三餐饭前不用。如:We have breakfast at home and lunch at school.(我们在家吃早饭,在校吃午饭)n(6)节、假日前一般不用。如:On Childrens Day the boys often get presents from their parents.(在儿童节,这些男孩经常得到父母的礼物)n(7)球类名词前不用。如:The children play football on Saturday afternoons.孩子们星期六下午踢足球n8)当两个或两个以上名词并用时,常省去冠词。例如:nIcantwritewithoutpe

    13、norpencil.没有钢笔和铅笔,我就写不了字。n9)当by与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词,如bybus,bytrain。n10)有些个体名词不用冠词,如school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court等个体名词,直接置于介词后,表示该名词的深层含义。例如:ngotohospital去医院看病ngotothehospital去医院(并不是去看病,而是有其他目的)n11)不用冠词的序数词;na.序数词前有物主代词时。nb.序数词作副词。例如:Hecamefirstintherace.

    14、他跑步得了第一。nc.在固定词组中,如at(the)first,firstofall,fromfirsttolast等。n()1._recent report stated that the number of Spanish speakers in the U.S.would be higher than the number of English speaker by_ year 2090.nA.A,the B.A,/C.The,/D.The,an()2.If you go by _train,you can have quite a comfortable journey,but mak

    15、e sure you get _fast one.n A./,/B./,a C.the,a D./,/n()3.It is often said that _teachers have _very easy life.n A/,/B./,a C.the,/D.the,an()4.I cant remember when exactly the Robinsons left _city,I only remember it was _ Monday.。nthe,the B.a,the C.a,a D.the,an()5.If you grow up in _large family,youare

    16、 more likely to develop _ability to get on well with _others.nA./,an the B.a,the,/C.the,an,the D.a,the,the n()6.Mrs Taylor has _8-year-old daughter who has _gift for painting she has won two national prizes.na,a B.an,the C.an,a D.thn()7.Afetr dinner he gave Mr.Richardson _ride to _Capital Airport.n

    17、A.the,a B.a the C./,a D./,the n()8.On May 5,2005,at _World Table Tennis Championship,Kong Ling hui and WangHaon won the gold medal in mens with _score of 4:1.n A.a,a B./the C.a,/D.the,a n()9.I knew _John Lennon,but not _famous one.n A./,a B.a,the C./,the D.the,a n()10.The book tells _life story of J

    18、ohn Smith,who left _school and worked for a newspaper at the age of 16.nthe,the B.a,the C.the./D.a,/n()11.When you come here for your holiday next time,dont go to _hotel;I can find you _bed in my flat.n the,a B.the,/C.a,the D.a,/n()12.If you buy more than ten,they will knock20pence off_.n A.a price

    19、B.price C.the price D.prices n()13._on-going division between English speaking Canadians and French-speaking Canadians is _major concern of the country.nThe,/B.The,a C.An,the D.An,/n()14.When he left _college,he got a job as _reporter in a newspaper office.n A./,a B/,the C.a the D.the,then()15The mo

    20、st important thing about cotton in history is _part that it played in _Industrial Revolution.n A./,/B.the,/C.the,the D.a,then()16.While he was investigating ways to improve the telescope Newton made _discovery which completely changed _ mans understanding of color.na,/B.a,the C./,the D.the,an()17.It

    21、 is _world of wonders,_world where anything can happen.n A.a.the B.a,a C.the,a D./,/n()18.The Wilsons live in _A-shaped house near the coast.It is _17th century cottage.nthe,/B.an,the C./,the D.an,an()19.Tom owns _larger collection of _books than any other student in our class.nthe,/B.a,/C.a,the D./

    22、then()20.For a long time they walked without saying _word.Jim was the first to break _silence.nthe,a B.a,the C.a,/D.the,n()21.There was _time _I hated t go to school.na,that B.a,when C.the,that D.the,when n()22.When you finish reading the book,you will have _better understanding of _life.,n A.a,the

    23、 B.the.a C./,the D.a,/n()23.I earn 10dollars _hours as _supermarket cashier on Saturday.na,an B.the,a C.an,a D.an,then()24The sign reads“in case of_fire,break the glass and push _red button”nA./,a B./,the C.the,the D.a,a n()25.I dont like talking on _telephone;I prefer writing _letters.na,the B.the.

    24、/C.the,the D.A,/n()26.Jumping out of _airplane at ten thousand feet is quite _exciting experience.n A./,the B./,an C.an.an D.the,the n()27.One way to understand thousands of new words in gain _good knowledge of basic word formation.n/B the C.a D.onen()28.The cakes are delicious.Hed like to have _thi

    25、rd one because _second one is rather too small.na,a B.the.the C.a,the D.the,a n()29.A bullet hit the solider and he was wounded in _leg.n A.a B.one C.the D.hisn()30.The warmth of _sweater will of course be determined by the sort of _wool used.nthe,the B.the,/C./,the D./,/A few few a little littlen1.Arethenewrulesworking?Yes._booksarestolen.nA.FewB.MoreC.SomeD.None2.Wouldyoulikesomewine?Yes,just_.A.littleB.verylittleC.alittleD.littlebit3.Ifwehadfollowedtheplan,wecouldhavedonethejobbetterwith_moneyand_people.nA.less;lessB.fewer;fewerC.less;fewerD.fewer;less


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