1、Thesubjunctivemood虚虚拟语气气孔孔 燕燕12JackRose3RetellthestoryInapokergame,Jackwonathird-classticket.ticket4 OnTitanic,hemetabeautifulgirlcalledRose.Retellthestorymeet5RetellthestorySlowly,theygottoknoweachotherandfellinlove.know&fallinlove6RetellthestorySuddenly,theshiphitaniceberganditsank.iceberg,sink7Re
2、tellthestoryAttheendofthisstory,JackdiedandRosewasalive.dead&alive8IshouldsailforAmerica,ifIboughtaticket.IfIhadalotofmoney,Icouldbuyaticket.IfIworkedhard,Imighthavemoneynow.Theticketifsoexpensive!HowcouldIachievemyAmericandream?9虚拟语气虚拟语气是一种特殊的动词形式.是用来表示说话人所说的话不是一个事实，而是一种假设、猜测、怀疑等；是表示说话人的愿望、要求、命令、建议
3、等DefinitionSubjunctiveMood(虚拟语气）虚拟语气）10IshouldsailforAmerica,ifIboughtaticketboard.IfIhadalotofmoney,Icouldbuyaticket.IfIworkedhard,Imighthavemoney.If从句从句的谓语形式的谓语形式 主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式presentdid（were）would/could/should/might+do与现在事实相反虚拟与现在事实相反虚拟：11Whatthelifewouldbeifyoudidnthaveacellphone?workinpairsand
4、makeadialauge.thefollowingsentencepatternsmayhelpyou.A:ifwedidnthaveacellphone,_.Howdoyouthink?B.ifwedidnthaveacellphone,_.1213Jack：Rose,ifIhadntwontheticket,I wouldnthavebeenonboard.Rose,IfIhadntbeenonboard,Iwouldnthavemetyou.14If从句从句的谓语形式的谓语形式 主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式pasthaddonewould/could/should/might+have
5、done1)IfIhadntwontheticket,I wouldnthavebeenonboard.2)IfIhadntbeenonboard,Iwouldnthavemetyou.与过去事实相反虚拟与过去事实相反虚拟：1516与过去事实相反虚拟与过去事实相反虚拟：Iftheyhadntbeenonboard,theywouldnthavemetthisdisaster(灾难灾难).Iftheship_(nothit)aniceberg,it_(notsink).Ifthere_(be)enoughlifeboats,morepeople_(save).hadnthitwouldnthav
6、esunkhadbeenwouldhavebeensaved17BeforeJackdied,hesaid:Rose,ifwewerealive，Iwouldmarryyousomeday.Ifwemarried,wewouldliveahappylifeinthefuture.18If从句从句的谓语形式的谓语形式 主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式future1.did（were）would/could/should/might+do2.should+do3.weretodoIfwewerealive，Iwouldmarryyousomeday.Ifwemarried,wewouldliveaha
7、ppylifeinthefuture.与将来事实相反虚拟：与将来事实相反虚拟：19If从句从句的谓语形式的谓语形式 主句主句的谓语形式的谓语形式presentpastfuturedid（were）haddonewould/could/should/might+dowould/could/should/might+havedone1.did2.should+do3.weretodowould/could/should/might+do20Sorry,Iamtoobusynow.IfI_time,Iwouldcertainlygoforanoutingwithyou.A.havehadB.hadh
8、adC.haveD.hadIfhe_myadvice,hewouldnthavelosthisjob.A.followedB.shouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollow211Maryisilltoday.Ifshe_，she_absentfromschool.(改错题改错题)A.werenotill,wouldntbeB.hadbeenill,wouldnthavebeenC.hadbeenill,shouldhavebeenD.hadntbeenill,couldbeGracedoesntwanttomovetoNewYorkbecauseshethinks
9、ifshe_there,shewouldntbeabletoseeherparentsveryoften.（2012安徽）安徽）(改错题改错题)A.livesB.wouldliveC.havingaskedD.weretolive22We_backinthehotelnowifyoudidntlosethemap.A.areB.wereC.willbeD.wouldbe-Itrainedcatsanddogsthismorning.Iamgladwetookanumbrella.-Yeah,wewouldhavegotwetalloverifwe_.A.hadntB.haventC.didnt
10、D.dont23writing work24If you were a teardrop;In my eye,For fear of losing you,I would never cry.And if the golden sun,Should cease to shine its light,Just one smile from you,Would make my whole world bright.2526注意以下问题：注意以下问题：1.错综时间虚拟条件句错综时间虚拟条件句2.(if省略省略)倒装虚拟条件句倒装虚拟条件句3.含蓄条件句含蓄条件句271错综虚拟条件句：错综虚拟条件句：
11、有时条件从句中的动作与主句中有时条件从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。调整。281Iftheyhadstudiedhard,theycoulddoiteasilynow.与过去相反与过去相反与现在相反与现在相反291.错综时间虚拟条件句错综时间虚拟条件句即：即：if虚拟条件句与主句的时间不一致。虚拟条件句与主句的时间不一致。1).如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。如果你当时听了我的话，现在就能完成这份工作了。Ifyou(follow)myadvice,you(be
12、ableto)finishtheworknow.（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）（从句说明过去，主句说明现在。）2).IfI(be)you,I(go)toherbirthdayparty.如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。如果我是你，我就去参加她的生日晚会了。（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）（从句说明现在，主句说明过去。）hadfollowedwouldbeabletowerewouldhavegone302.在虚拟条件句中，在虚拟条件句中，如果条件句中有如果条件句中有were,had（助动词）或（助动词）或should时，可使用倒装时，可使用倒装结构，但结构，但if必须省略必须省略。若条
13、件从句为否定句，。若条件从句为否定句，否定词否定词not应置于主语之后，而不能与应置于主语之后，而不能与were，should，had等缩略成等缩略成werent，shouldnt，hadnt置于句首。置于句首。1).IfIhadseenhimthen,Iwouldhavebeenveryhappy.=HadIseenhimthen,Iwouldhavebeenveryhappy.2).ShouldIhavetime,Iwouldgowithyou.=IfIshouldhavetime,Iwouldgowithyou.3).WereInotsobusy,Iwouldgowithyou.=IfI
14、werenotsobusy,Iwouldgowithyou.31(1)Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.（副词）（副词）(2)Hetelephonedtotellmeofyourbirthday,or/otherwiseIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.（连词）（连词）直陈语气直陈语气虚拟语气虚拟语气直陈语气直陈语气虚拟语气虚拟语气3.含蓄条件句含蓄条件句有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出有时为了表达的需要，在虚拟语气中并不总是出现现if引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件
15、句。引导的条件句，而通过其他手段来代替条件句。321含蓄条件句含蓄条件句(3)Imighthavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.(连词连词)直陈语气直陈语气虚拟语气虚拟语气(4)Wecouldnothavefinishedtheworkaheadoftimewithoutyourhelp.(介词介词)(5)Butfortherain,wewouldhavefinishedthework.(介词介词)=Ifwehadntgotyourhelp/Ifyouhadnthelpedus,=Ifithadntbeenfortherain,虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气虚拟语气
16、33虚拟语气的含蓄条件句虚拟语气的含蓄条件句介词介词with,without,under,in,butfor等表等表示含蓄条件；示含蓄条件；连词连词but,or,orelse等表示含蓄条件；等表示含蓄条件；副词副词otherwise,unfortunately等表示转折等表示转折假设；假设；341.Ifhe_myadvice,hewouldnthavelosthisjob.A.followedB.B.shouldfollowC.hadfollowedD.wouldfollowExerciseC352._itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittoth
17、eYangpuBridge.A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.WillExercisetomorrowB363.ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,I_thefirstprizeintheEnglishwritingcompetition.A.wouldnotwinB.wouldnothavewonC.wouldwinD.wouldhavewonExerciseB374Theweatherhasbeenveryhotanddry.Yes.Ifithadrainedevenadrop,thingswouldbemuchbetternow!Andmyvege
18、tables_.A.wouldntdieB.didntdieC.hadntdiedD.wouldnthavediedExerciseDhadrainednow38HomeworkWrite3-5sentencestotalkaboutTitanic(e.g.theship,theaccident,Jack,Rose,theirlove,etc.)ormakeupadialoguebetweenJackandRose.Attention:Youmustuseallofthethreesentencestructureswehavelearnt.3940高考链接高考链接2009年广东高考英语读写任
19、务“写作内容”中的第二点“假如你处在动物的处境，你会有什么反应”1.判断是否虚拟判断是否虚拟Yes！2.判断虚拟类型判断虚拟类型Present？Past?Future?Present!3.谓语形式谓语形式If I were in the same postions as the animal,I would.412013年广东高考英语基础写作中 志愿者观点 厌倦地球生活，想体验火星生活；如果成功，就是人类英雄高考链接高考链接Ifitsucceeded,theywouldgetthehonortobeheroesofhumanbeings.42Forexample:Jack:IfIhadntme
20、tyouinmylife,Iwouldhaveregrettedallmylife.Rose:Iftherescueworkerscamenow,wewouldberescued.Jack:Ifyoushouldbealive,youwouldhaveahappylife.IfJackhadntwonhisthird-classticketinapokergame,hewouldnthavemetRoseandifJackwerealivenow,hewouldmarryRose.Iftheyweretomarry,theyshouldliveahappylifeinthefuture.1.2.43HomeworkWrite3-5sentencestotalkaboutTitanic(e.g.theship,theaccident,Jack,Rose,theirlove,etc.)ormakeupadialoguebetweenJackandRose.Attention:Youmustuseallofthethreesentencestructureswehavelearnt.4445
