最新高中英语学习中遇到的困难及解决方法总结优秀名师资料.doc

高中英语学习中遇到的困难及解决方法总结论文关键词:高中英语 学习策略 论文摘要:自主学习能力是新时代背景下的一个重要方面，业已成为世界教育改革的方向之一。本文中，笔者根据自己的教学实践经验，主要探讨高中英语学习中，培养学生自主学习的策略。 “自主学习”(Autonomous Learning)的能力是新时代背景下的一个重要方面，业已成为世界教育改革的方向之一。联合国教科文组织指出:“未来的学校必须把教育的对象变成教育自己的主体。受教育的人必须成为教育他自己的主人，别人的教育必须成为这个人自己的教育。”?由此可见，自主学习的重要性。 在新课标中规定:高中英语课程的设计，有利于优化学生英语学习方式，通过观察、体验、探究等积极主动的学习方法，充分发挥自己的学习潜能，形成有效的学习策略，提高自主学习的能力。坚持“learner-centered”、“learning-centered”、“self-directed teaching”的原则，发挥自身的优势，构建学习策略，培养学生自主学习的能力，形成渐进的学习系统。?目前为止，国内外学者已研究出多种有效的自主学习的教学模式，比如国外齐默曼的自主学习循环模式、国内卢仲横的自学辅导教学法等等，都发展得相当成熟。?本文中，笔者根据自己的教学实践经验，主要探讨高中英语学习中，培养学生自主学习的策略，希冀能吸引学界更多研究者关注此课题，为高中英语教学的改革提出更多有益的思考。 box before commissioning, check distribution box there is no debris, installation in accordance with the criteria of quality assessment, chromatography, plates are complete. 2 boxes inside the doors and frames, and grounded or neutral examination. 3 with electric opening doors, door and frame ground terminal applying bare braided copper wire connections and grounding identifies. 4 connection of the protective conductor should be exposed in the external protective conductor Terminal. 5 lighting should be setting the zero line box (n) and protective ground (PE) bus, zero line and protect the ground bus distribution. 6 laid ground lines along the length of every 15-100mm respectively, coated with yellow and green stripes. 7 testing grounding resistance of grounding devices must comply with the design requirements. 8 boxes of checks: based on changes of design drawings and construction documents, check box in the component specification, model, installation location should be correct; boxes on both sides of the Terminal cannot lack; the conductor cross section should meet the requirements of drawings; line-by-line check box in the device's connection and the connection of the equipment to the terminal block inside the box. 9 box tie cable check: liaison between the box and the box cables required by proofing; check lines on the circuit at the same time should check the wires, cables, relays, switches, buttons, terminal blocks marked with line drawings. 10 operator checks: the main check 1 自主学习的含义 自主学习是与他主学习相对立的一种学习方式，一般是指个体自觉确定学习目标、制定学习计划、选择学习方法、监控学习过程、评价学习结果的过程或能力。其核心在于“自主”，强调独立、主动。自觉地学习。作为一种能力，自主学习不仅使学生在正规的学校教育中受益匪浅，而且为其终身学习奠定必要的心理基础。? 2 开展自主学习的策略 2.1 为学而教，转变教师的教“学”观念 教师是教学活动的设计者、组织者。教师的引导和指导作用，是促进学生主动学的关键。为了更好地开展自主学习，首先教师要树立“以学为教”的教学理念，教师要以“学”为中心，从而达到“教”与“学”的优化组合。在教学的过程中，教师要以教授给学生学习方法为中心，指导学生掌握学习的技巧和方法，并培养学生的自学意识和自学能力，使得学生明白如何开展学习，如何开拓思维能力和创新能力，从而提升学生的学习素养和发展潜力。 2.2 源于生活，激发学生自主学习的兴趣 学习兴趣是学生学习的最大动因，因此，教师要积极寻求各种方法，从而激发学生自主学习的兴趣，从实际生活中发掘教学素材，使学生成为学习的主人，是培养学生自主学习能力的重要环节。高中英语新课程标准明确指出:“根据高中学生的交际需求和认知发展水平，高中英语教学应该着重培养学生以下几方面的能力:在人际交往中得体地使用英语的能力;用英语获取和处理信息的能力;用英语box before commissioning, check distribution box there is no debris, installation in accordance with the criteria of quality assessment, chromatography, plates are complete. 2 boxes inside the doors and frames, and grounded or neutral examination. 3 with electric opening doors, door and frame ground terminal applying bare braided copper wire connections and grounding identifies. 4 connection of the protective conductor should be exposed in the external protective conductor Terminal. 5 lighting should be setting the zero line box (n) and protective ground (PE) bus, zero line and protect the ground bus distribution. 6 laid ground lines along the length of every 15-100mm respectively, coated with yellow and green stripes. 7 testing grounding resistance of grounding devices must comply with the design requirements. 8 boxes of checks: based on changes of design drawings and construction documents, check box in the component specification, model, installation location should be correct; boxes on both sides of the Terminal cannot lack; the conductor cross section should meet the requirements of drawings; line-by-line check box in the device's connection and the connection of the equipment to the terminal block inside the box. 9 box tie cable check: liaison between the box and the box cables required by proofing; check lines on the circuit at the same time should check the wires, cables, relays, switches, buttons, terminal blocks marked with line drawings. 10 operator checks: the main check 分析问题和解决问题的能力以及批判性思维能力。”高中生已经具备了一定的生活经验，并已经在生活中积累了一定的知识，因此，选择贴近日常生活的教学素材，形象生动，能够充分调动学生学习的积极性。 2.3 循循善诱，指导学生探索掌握自主学习的策略 所谓学习策略，主要指在学习活动中,为达到一定的学习目标而学会并掌握的规则、方法和技巧;它是一种在活动中思考问题的操作过程;它是认知策略在学生学习中的一种表现形式。?英语课程标准把加强对学生学习策略的指导，帮助他们形成有效的英语学习策略作为重要的原则和重要目标之一。从某种意义上讲，教会学生掌握学习知识的方法比教会学生掌握知识本身更重要。因此，教师在英语教学中应加强对学生的学法指导，着重培养学生的认知策略、调控策略、交际策略和资源策略。 在课堂教学中，教师必须充分重视挖掘学生的潜能和重视学生的个性发展，引导和帮助学生主动学习，教会学生主动构建知识、发展能力、形成正确的情感态度和价值观，?尤其是要增加学生学习的主动性，(下转第209页)(上接第179页)当主动性形成后，再适时给学习具体学习方法的指导。例如自学方法、记忆方法、联想思维方法等，促使学生在知识结构上进一步由单一的“语言点”向“语言网”发展、在记忆方法上由机械记忆继续向理解记忆过渡、在思维方式上由形象思维向逻辑思维过渡，强调在进一步发展学生综合语言运用能力的基础上，着重提高学生用英语获得信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问box before commissioning, check distribution box there is no debris, installation in accordance with the criteria of quality assessment, chromatography, plates are complete. 2 boxes inside the doors and frames, and grounded or neutral examination. 3 with electric opening doors, door and frame ground terminal applying bare braided copper wire connections and grounding identifies. 4 connection of the protective conductor should be exposed in the external protective conductor Terminal. 5 lighting should be setting the zero line box (n) and protective ground (PE) bus, zero line and protect the ground bus distribution. 6 laid ground lines along the length of every 15-100mm respectively, coated with yellow and green stripes. 7 testing grounding resistance of grounding devices must comply with the design requirements. 8 boxes of checks: based on changes of design drawings and construction documents, check box in the component specification, model, installation location should be correct; boxes on both sides of the Terminal cannot lack; the conductor cross section should meet the requirements of drawings; line-by-line check box in the device's connection and the connection of the equipment to the terminal block inside the box. 9 box tie cable check: liaison between the box and the box cables required by proofing; check lines on the circuit at the same time should check the wires, cables, relays, switches, buttons, terminal blocks marked with line drawings. 10 operator checks: the main check 题的能力，特别注重提高学生用英语进行思维和表达的能力。 2.4 技术支撑，搭建现代信息技术的自主学习平台 新时代的背景下，利用现代信息技术进行学习已成为世界教学的必然趋势，也是考察学生基本学习能力的标准之一。信息技术与英语课堂教学的整合对传统的英语教学观念、课堂教学方式以及学生的学习方式等带来了巨大的革命。首先，可以多利用多媒体技术。多媒体CAI课件通过视听结合、声像并茂、动静皆宜的表现形式，生动、形象地展示教学内容，扩大学生视野，有效促进课堂教学的大容量、多信息和高效率，有利于学生开发智力、培养能力和提高素质，将课堂教学引入了一个新的境界。其次，要充分发挥互联网的功能。互联网是一个拥有信息最丰富、交流信息最为便捷的媒介。从某种意义上说，互联网是世界的学校。因此，我们要充分利用互联网资源，让学生浏览网页，并进行双向异步交流，同步通话，双向讨论，让学生主动获取知识，增强英语表达能力。 2.5 潜移默化，营造学生自主学习的文化氛围 新课改下对英语文化提出了新的要求，学生是认识事物的主体，也是实践活动的主体，学生只有参与多边的信息交流和多项思维碰撞，才能在共同参与，大胆交往，不断沟通中获得和谐发展，从而有效提高英语水平，因此，营造良好的校园英语文化氛围是一条有效途径。比如，校园的标语可以用中英文同时展现出来，这样醒目的各种标语，让学会很容易就学会了不少英语;再者我们可以举办多种有意义的英语活动，比如英语歌曲大赛、英语阅读比赛、英语写作比赛、box before commissioning, check distribution box there is no debris, installation in accordance with the criteria of quality assessment, chromatography, plates are complete. 2 boxes inside the doors and frames, and grounded or neutral examination. 3 with electric opening doors, door and frame ground terminal applying bare braided copper wire connections and grounding identifies. 4 connection of the protective conductor should be exposed in the external protective conductor Terminal. 5 lighting should be setting the zero line box (n) and protective ground (PE) bus, zero line and protect the ground bus distribution. 6 laid ground lines along the length of every 15-100mm respectively, coated with yellow and green stripes. 7 testing grounding resistance of grounding devices must comply with the design requirements. 8 boxes of checks: based on changes of design drawings and construction documents, check box in the component specification, model, installation location should be correct; boxes on both sides of the Terminal cannot lack; the conductor cross section should meet the requirements of drawings; line-by-line check box in the device's connection and the connection of the equipment to the terminal block inside the box. 9 box tie cable check: liaison between the box and the box cables required by proofing; check lines on the circuit at the same time should check the wires, cables, relays, switches, buttons, terminal blocks marked with line drawings. 10 operator checks: the main check 英语查字典比赛等等，这样学生可以带着浓厚的兴趣参加这一系列的英语学习活动，很快地提高他们的英语水平;还可以专门创办一个校园英语角，让学生定期到这里集中练习英语口语，这样学生不仅能学到英语文化知识，同时还可以结交到不少的朋友，有益于学生的身心健康。我们还可以在平时的交谈中也用一些简单的英语口语，轻松地和学生进行交流。学生主体全身心投入的多边信息交流和多项思维撞击，既增大了学习的信息量，有最大限度的提高信息的转化率，把学生的主体地位落到了实处。 一、 引言 要想学好一门外语，听、说、读、写这四项基本技能需均衡发展。就听力而言，我校学生英语听力能力总体基础较弱，而且个体差异较大。原因在于:第一，由于长期以来“应试教育”在我们英语教育中盛行，尽管现在从小学三年级就已经开设英语课程，但是不管小学还是中学，英语的学习目的都是为了考试，因此学生“听”包括“说”的英语交际能力都没有得到重视，与笔头能力相比，相对滞后。第二，初中英语听力要求较低，试题相对简单，升入高中，一下子适应不了。第三，我校面向全市招生，生源分布广，听力能力差异较大，尤其是城区学生和农村学生之间。这一系列的原因造成学生的听力困难。 二、目前学生听力学习中遇到的障碍和困难 首先，语音不够标准:虽然近几届学生比往年的学生英语口语能力提高不少，但是总体来讲，英语发音标准、语言流畅的占少数，农box before commissioning, check distribution box there is no debris, installation in accordance with the criteria of quality assessment, chromatography, plates are complete. 2 boxes inside the doors and frames, and grounded or neutral examination. 3 with electric opening doors, door and frame ground terminal applying bare braided copper wire connections and grounding identifies. 4 connection of the protective conductor should be exposed in the external protective conductor Terminal. 5 lighting should be setting the zero line box (n) and protective ground (PE) bus, zero line and protect the ground bus distribution. 6 laid ground lines along the length of every 15-100mm respectively, coated with yellow and green stripes. 7 testing grounding resistance of grounding devices must comply with the design requirements. 8 boxes of checks: based on changes of design drawings and construction documents, check box in the component specification, model, installation location should be correct; boxes on both sides of the Terminal cannot lack; the conductor cross section should meet the requirements of drawings; line-by-line check box in the device's connection and the connection of the equipment to the terminal block inside the box. 9 box tie cable check: liaison between the box and the box cables required by proofing; check lines on the circuit at the same time should check the wires, cables, relays, switches, buttons, terminal blocks marked with line drawings. 10 operator checks: the main check 村来的学生基础相对更差。发音上的问题直接导致听力上的困难。其次，词汇匮乏造成听力上的障碍，有些学生不仅没掌握高考所要求的词汇，更别提掌握听力试题中特定场合的专门词汇和常用句型。再者，学生缺乏兴趣，对听力有恐惧感。兴趣是最好的老师，但是因为害怕，缺乏信心，连门都不敢入，怎么谈提高呢,另外，听说读写的分离，文化背景知识的不足，心理素质不过关，都阻碍着学生听力的学习。 三、提高听力能力的方法 针对以上问题，笔者通过五年多的教学实践，提出以下建议。 1. 重视初高中衔接，注重语音的纠正。高一入学时，对英语国际英标表(附表1)的重新回顾是纠正语音、学生过好语音关的不错方法，也为高中三年的听力打好了基础。课堂领读，当场随机抽读，课外及时巩固，耗时不多，却行之有效。与此同时，要求学生掌握26个字母的发音规律、元音组合发音规律以及辅音组合发音规律，并且能在每天的英语学习中进行实践，尤其在每单元新词汇的学习中。对于程度相对较差的学生，在这一关上应重点指导。 2. 帮助过好词汇关。众所周知，要有较好的听力，光熟悉语音远远不够，词汇同样关键。高一入学时，在纠正语音的同时，可以普查学生们初三的词汇情况(初一、初二是基础，对于程度好的学校学生问题不大)，并对有些易错词进行重点关注(这也为高三的会考做好了第一步，因为会考词汇有部分其实是初中词汇，尤其是初三词汇)。当然，虽然高考已取消了单独对词汇的考查，但是高中词汇之于英语的重要性，就像地基之于房子，这一点都不会变。尤其新的考box before commissioning, check distribution box there is no debris, installation in accordance with the criteria of quality assessment, chromatography, plates are complete. 2 boxes inside the doors and frames, and grounded or neutral examination. 3 with electric opening doors, door and frame ground terminal applying bare braided copper wire connections and grounding identifies. 4 connection of the protective conductor should be exposed in the external protective conductor Terminal. 5 lighting should be setting the zero line box (n) and protective ground (PE) bus, zero line and protect the ground bus distribution. 6 laid ground lines along the length of every 15-100mm respectively, coated with yellow and green stripes. 7 testing grounding resistance of grounding devices must comply with the design requirements. 8 boxes of checks: based on changes of design drawings and construction documents, check box in the component specification, model, installation location should be correct; boxes on both sides of the Terminal cannot lack; the conductor cross section should meet the requirements of drawings; line-by-line check box in the device's connection and the connection of the equipment to the terminal block inside the box. 9 box tie cable check: liaison between the box and the box cables required by proofing; check lines on the circuit at the same time should check the wires, cables, relays, switches, buttons, terminal blocks marked with line drawings. 10 operator checks: the main check 定义：在RtABC中，锐角A的对边与邻边的比叫做A的正切，记作tanA，纲对于词汇量的增加，对于阅读的调整，尤其是长句、复杂句的应用，无不反映了对词汇的重视和对学生更高的要求。不管是阅读还是听力，任何一个环节都需要以一定的词汇为基础。因此，对高中每阶段的词汇进行及时的巩固是非常必要的。 定义：在RtABC中，锐角A的邻边与斜边的比叫做A的余弦，记作cosA，即;3. 培养学生兴趣，适当植入文化。听力课的第一个任务就是要把学生的注意力引导到听力材料上来，并引发他们对材料的兴趣。因此，除了听力课本的练习之外，可以在课堂上利用多媒体插入与课文主题有关的英文电影、经典歌曲等等，增加听力内容形式的多样性，通过灵活多变的授课方式去激发学生兴趣，让他们对英语听力不仅不害怕，而且很乐意去学。比如，必修一第一单元的主题是Friends and Friendship，当时正值08年奥运会刚刚闭幕，刘欢和Sarah Brightman合唱的歌曲我和你风靡全国，笔者就以这首歌导入，让学生唱了英文部分，然后引出friendship这个主题。 同时，笔者记得全日制普通高级中学教科书第一册(上)第一单元的主题也是Friendship，里面讲述电影Cast Away中由Tom Hanks扮演的Chunk与一只他称之为Wilson的排球的友谊，于是截取了部分影片片段，一方面让学生品味原汁原味的英语对白，同时也让他们深入讨论Friendship的意义。这样不仅练了听力，也慢慢培养了学生对于英语的兴趣。 说到文化植入，是指适当的时候加入与本单元主题相关的文化背景或者时事政治。笔者和另外一名同事各编写了英美文学选读和英美文化简介，在适当的时候同学生一同欣赏感受西方国家，尤box before commissioning, check distribution box there is no debris, installation in accordance with the criteria of quality assessment, chromatography, plates are complete. 2 boxes inside the doors and frames, and grounded or neutral examination. 3 with electric opening doors, door and frame ground terminal applying bare braided copper wire connections and grounding identifies. 4 connection of the protective conductor should be exposed in the external protective conductor Terminal. 5 lighting should be setting the zero line box (n) and protective ground (PE) bus, zero line and protect the ground bus distribution. 6 laid ground lines along the length of every 15-100mm respectively, coated with yellow and green stripes. 7 testing grounding resistance of grounding devices must comply with the design requirements. 8 boxes of checks: based on changes of design drawings and construction documents, check box in the component specification, model, installation location should be correct; boxes on both sides of the Terminal cannot lack; the conductor cross section should meet the requirements of drawings; line-by-line check box in the device's connection and the connection of the equipment to the terminal block inside the box. 9 box tie cable check: liaison between the box and the box cables required by proofing; check lines on the circuit at the same time should check the wires, cables, relays, switches, buttons, terminal blocks marked with line drawings. 10 operator