Book1Unit3.doc

.重点单词识记1figure /fI(r)/ n体形；数字；人物2work /wk/ vi.起作用，有效果，奏效3contain /knteIn/ vt.包含，容纳；克制，抑制4damage /dæmId/ vt.损害，伤害；n.损害，伤害；(法院判定的)损害赔偿金(复数)5pressure /pre(r)/ n压力6sadness /sædns/ n悲伤7approximately /prksImtlI/ adv.大约8properly /prplI/ adv.适当地9count /kant/ vi.认为，算作；重要；vt.数数10amount /mant/ n数量11loss /ls/ n丧失，丢失，损失12gain /eIn/ v增加；获得，赢得；(钟表)快13ashamed /eImd/ adj.惭愧的，羞愧的shame n羞愧shameful adj.可耻的；丢脸的14energetic /endetIk/ adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的energy n能量；精力15recover /rIkv(r)/ vi.复原，恢复健康；vt.重新获得，恢复recovery n恢复；痊愈16failure /feIlj(r)/ n衰退，衰竭；失败；故障，失灵fail v失败；出故障，失灵；衰退17treatment /tritmnt/ n治疗；待遇；处理treat vt.治疗；对待；款待18attractive /træktIv/ adj.有吸引力的，有魅力的attract vt.吸引attraction n吸引人的特征；有吸引力的地方；吸引，吸引力19embarrassed /Imbærst/ adj.尴尬的，不好意思的，难为情的embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的embarrass vt.使尴尬，使难堪20prefer /prIf(r)/ vt.更喜欢preference n偏爱，偏好；喜爱21suffer /sf(r)/ vt.&vi.受苦；遭受(磨难)suffering n疼痛；痛苦；折磨sufferer n患病者；受苦者22affect /fekt/ vt.影响；(疾病)使感染，侵袭；感动，打动affection n喜爱，钟爱23achievement /tivmnt/ n成就achieve v获得24including /InkludI/ prep.包括include v包括25equipment /IkwIpmnt/ n器材；设备equip vt.配备，装备26comfort /kmft/ n安慰；舒适；vt.安慰comfortable adj.舒适的uncomfortable adj.不舒服的；不自在的27useless /jusls/ adj.无用的，无效的useful adj.有用的28concentrate /knsntreIt/ vt.&vi.集中(注意力、思想等)；全神贯注concentration n专心，专注.重点短语识记1be dying to do sth.渴望、极想做某事2work out锻炼；计算出；解决3be ashamed of为而羞愧4at least至少5follow ones advice听从某人的建议6go on a diet节食7end in failure以失败告终8side effect副作用9fall out(头发等)脱落10get into shape强身健体11make the most of充分利用12in the long term从长远角度看13as a matter of fact事实上，其实14put on/gain weight增加体重15in no time立刻，马上.经典原句默写与背诵1We shouldnt be ashamed of the way we look，should we?我们不应该为自己的外表感到羞愧，不是吗？2I think you look great as you are，and youre a wonderful person.我觉得你目前这个样子看上去就很棒，而且你是一个非常优秀的人。3However，no matter what I do，my efforts to lose weight always end in failure.然而，无论我做什么，我减肥的努力总是以失败告终。4Water helps keep your system clean.水有助于保持人体内部系统清洁。5Walking and riding your bike count，and so do school sports.步行和骑自行车就算，校内体育活动也算。1My grandfather，an energetic conductor，is always full of energy(energy)2At least twenty people were injured in the car accident，including three children/three children included(include)3It is useless(use) quarreling with him.He wont listen to you.4All his efforts ended in failure(fail)5Seeing the lines of trees we had planted，we all had a sense of achievement(achieve)6Parents should teach their children to behave properly(proper) in public.7My cousin is so noisy that I have difficulty concentrating(全神贯注) on my study.8He is suffering(受苦) from a bad cold.It is likely that it will take him a long time to recover(恢复) from the illness.9My son won the first prize in the English contest，after which he gained(获得) great confidence.10Ive always believed that happiness counts(重要) more than money.1keep ones figure保持体形figure out弄懂；计算出Some people wonder how Lin Zhiling keeps her figure.一些人想知道林志玲是怎样保持身材的。I cant figure out why he quit his job.我琢磨不透他为什么要辞掉工作。夯实基础写出下列句子中figure的汉语意思(1)She has a good figure.身材(2)By 2013，this figure had risen to 14 million.数字(3)Chairman Mao is an important political figure.人物2be ashamed for sb.某人羞愧be ashamed of oneself for doing.某人做了某事而感到羞愧be ashamed to do.耻于做；因做而羞愧Its a shame that.是令人遗憾的事。I always feel ashamed whenever I see this.每次看到它我都感到羞愧。(2011·浙江·书面表达)Its a shame that she isnt here to see it.真可惜她不能在这儿亲自看看。词义辨析shameful，ashamed(1)shameful表示事物本身的客观性质是“可耻的”，可作表语或定语。(2)ashamed是“感到羞耻的”、“觉得惭愧的”意思，表示主语主观认为可耻的，只能作表语。夯实基础用shameful，ashamed填空(1)We thought his behavior was shameful.(2)Im ashamed to leave you this way.3recover from从中恢复recover oneself恢复正常；使清醒recover losses/ones lost watch弥补损失/找回失去的手表recovery n.康复，恢复Seeing her lying in bed with her leg wrapped in bandages，we felt sorry for her and hoped that she would recover soon.看到她腿缠绷带躺在床上我们都很难过并希望她能尽快康复。 (2011·北京·书面表达)夯实基础用所给词的适当形式填空(1)She soon recovered herself(she) and went on with her lecture.(2)The boy made a quick recovery (recover) from his cold.4 failure n衰退，衰竭；失败；故障，失灵；失败的人(事)end in failure以失败结束fail v.失败；未能做；不及格；失灵；歉收；突然失去fail to do.未能做In our life we may meet many failures，as long as we try our best，theres no need to feel regret for these failures.在我们的生活中会遇到多次失败，只要我们尽力了，就没有必要为这些失败后悔。(2013·湖南·书面表达)Three years ago I failed an important exam in my life and became a student in an ordinary school.三年前，一次重要的考试不及格，我成了一所普通学校的一名学生。(2012·湖北·短文写作)夯实基础写出下列句子中fail的汉语意思(1)If you dont work hard，you may fail.失败(2)He failed his driving test. 未通过(3)He never fails to write to his mother every week.忘记(4)The crops failed because of drought.歉收(5)My uncles kidneys failed two days after the operation.失灵5When the news that Mandela had passed away came in，many people in South Africa couldnt contain themselves and burst into tears.当曼德拉逝世的消息传来，很多南非人不能控制自己，放声大哭起来。Orange juice contains things which help keep you healthy.橘汁里含有益于健康的东西。图解助记词义辨析include，contain(1)include“包括”，侧重被包含者只是整体中的一部分。(2)contain“包括”，侧重“整体内有”，指在某一范围或容器内能容纳某物，不用于进行时。夯实基础用include，contain的适当形式填空(1)This book contains all the information you need.(2)Our six­city tour included a visit to London.6The earthquake caused damage to property estimated at $6 million.地震造成大约600万美元的损失。He was ordered to pay damages totaling $30,000.他被责令支付总额3万美元的赔偿金。词义辨析damage，destroy，ruin(1)damage是程度较小的“破坏，损坏”，强调价值、用途降低或外表损坏等。一般指被破坏的物品可以重新修复。(2)destroy常指彻底的、不能或很难修复的“破坏，毁坏”，程度较深，强调“毁坏”的力度和彻底性；也可用于损坏抽象的东西，比如名誉、计划、努力、契约等。(3)ruin亦指彻底毁掉，但不含有以某种摧毁性的力量进行破坏，而含有在一定的过程中逐渐毁掉的意思；强调使某物失去优良的特性或特征。夯实基础用damage，destroy，ruin的适当形式填空After the Wenchuan earthquake，many buildings were destroyed，but the local people still repaired the damaged ones and rebuilt the new ones to keep their hometown from coming to ruin.7 diet n.节食；日常饮食；日常食物(daily and regular food)；vt.进规定饮食(have a limited amount and variety of food)；节食be/go on a diet节食put sb.on a diet控制某人的饮食a balanced diet均衡饮食Proper diet and exercise are both important for health.适当的饮食和锻炼对健康都很重要。The doctor advised him to go on a diet to lose weight.医生建议他节食减肥。夯实基础同义句改写She is dieting but she never seems to lose any weight.(用diet的名词短语改写句子)She is on a diet but she never seems to lose any weight.8 suffer v.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦，受难，受折磨(to be badly affected)；遭受，经受(experience)；得病suffer pain/defeat/hardship 遭受痛苦/失败/艰难suffer from受折磨；患病suffering n.痛苦；苦恼；让人痛苦的事On the other hand，they also suffer from less respect and lower pay，working all day on the street whether it shines strongly or snows，winds heavily.另一方面，他们不受尊重，报酬很低，整天在马路上劳作，不管烈日炎炎还是狂风暴雪。(2013·广东·读写任务)特别提醒suffer和suffer from一般不用于被动语态。夯实基础用suffer的适当形式填空(1)After the flooding，people were suffering in that area，who urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive.(2)Shortly after suffering from a massive earthquake and being reduced to ruins，the city took on a new look.9be affected with high fever发高烧affect sb.to tears把某人感动得流泪effect n影响；效果，作用have an effect on对有影响Around 540 million people are affected by second­hand smoke，which causes 100,000 deaths per year.大约5亿4千万人受二手烟的影响，每年导致10万人死亡。 (2010·广东·基础写作)She was deeply affected by the news of his death.他去世的消息使她深感悲痛。夯实基础用effect，affect的适当形式填空The drug didnt affect his health；in fact，it seemed to have no effect at all.a piece of equipment一件设备equip v.配备；装备；使有所准备；使有能力equip.with.用装备equip sb.for (doing) sth.使某人为(做)某事而准备equip sb.to do sth.使某人能够做某事be equipped to do sth.使某人有准备做某事The equipment of the photographic studio was expensive.这个摄影室的装备花费巨大。A basic two­hour first aid course would equip you to deal with any of these incidents.两小时的基础急救课程能够让你有能力处理这类事件。夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)They equipped themselves with a pair of sharp axes and set off for the forest.(2)She was fully equipped for the climbing.(3)Your education will equip you for your future life.count.in把包括在内count.out不包括count on/upon (depend/rely on/upon)依赖，依靠count sb./sth.as/to be.认为某人/物count up (add up)把加起来I count him as my closest friend.我把他看作我最亲密的朋友。If you are going out tonight youll have to count me out.假如你们今晚要出去，就别把我算在内。夯实基础用适当的介、副词填空(1)Im counting on you to help me.(2)That was the likeliest outcome and，on balance，it would count as a success.(3)Will you please count up these figures for me?concentrate (ones mind/attention/thoughts/efforts) on集中注意力于；专注于be concentrated in/on/around.集中在；汇集于focus/fix ones attention on/put ones mind to/put ones heart into/be absorbed in/be lost in专心于I cant concentrate on my studies with that noise going on.有噪音我不能集中精力学习。We must concentrate our attention on improving education.我们必须致力于改进教育工作。 夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)It was up to him to concentrate on his studies and make something of himself.(2)Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it.(3)She is absorbed in music.at a loss不知所措，困惑lose v.丢失；损失，丧失lose face丢脸lose weight减肥lost adj.丢失的，丧失的；迷失的be lost in陷入He was at a loss what to do.他对做什么不知所措。He is afraid of making mistakes and losing face in public.他害怕出错在公众面前丢脸。夯实基础用lose的适当形式填空(1)However hard you try，it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat.(2)Today we have chat rooms，text messaging，emailing.but we seem to be losing the art of communicating face­to­face.(3)Even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost for words.(4)Listening to loud music at rock concerts has caused hearing loss in some teenagers.单项填空1The present situation is very complex，so I think it will take me some time its reality.Afigure out Bto figure outCfigured out Dfiguring out答案B解析考查take sb.some time to do sth.句型。2He having asked such a silly question.Aashamed Bwas ashamedCwas ashamed of Dhas ashamed of答案C解析be ashamed of doing sth.羞于做了某事。3Little Johnny felt the bag，curious to know it contained.Ahow BwhatCthat Dwhich答案B解析contain为及物动词，所以应用what作宾语。4Children who are over­protected by their parents may become .Aspoiling Bbeing spoiledCspoiled Dto spoil答案C解析become此处为系动词，后跟动词的过去分词作表语，表示“宠坏了的”。5No sugar in my coffee，please.I .Ahave dieted Bam dietingCdieted Dhad dieted答案B解析句意为：请不要给我的咖啡加糖，我在节食。“节食”是目前正在进行的动作，故用现在进行时表示。6It is reported that the government has lightened the burden on the students.Oh，today we are still from heavy school work， at preparing us for the entrance examination.Asuffering；aimed Bsuffered；aimedCsuffered；aiming Dsuffering；aiming答案D解析sb.be suffering from sth.某人正遭受；aiming at.为现在分词短语作伴随状语，意为“打算，目的在于”。7If you dont understand everything the tape says，just on the words you can understand.Ato concentrate BconcentratingCconcentrated Dconcentrate答案D解析由句式结构可知，此处应是祈使句，所以用动词原形。8He picked up an envelope 50 dollars in it.Acontaining BcontainedCwhich contains Dwhich was contained答案A解析contain包含，容纳，是不及物动词，不能用于被动结构，排除D项；信封里装有50美元，“信封”与“装有”之间存在主动关系，因此应用contain的现在分词作定语。which引导的非限制性定语从句的时态应与主句的时态一致，排除C项。.汉译英1在我的细心照料下，母亲很快就康复了。(recover) (2013·北京·书面表达)With my special care，my mother recovered quickly.2我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。(suffer) (2013·江苏·书面表达)Our earth is suffering severe damage.3林肯被认为是世界上最鼓舞人心的人物之一。(figure) (2012·浙江·书面表达)Lincoln is regarded as one of the most inspiring figures in the world.4我希望能寓教于乐。(contain) (2010·天津·书面表达)I hope I can contain education in amusement.5毕竟，所有的孩子都喜欢表扬而不是批评。(prefer to do.rather than do.)(2010·广东·读写任务)After all，all kids prefer to be praised rather than be scolded.1His hair has fallen out because of his anxiety over his sons illness.2If you want to keep fit，you should work out in a gym often.3I hope you will all make the most of this chance to share information and opinions.4They talked as if they had been friends for years，but as a matter of fact，they met each other just now.5When I go on a diet，I eat only cucumbers，and that reduces my weight quickly.1 work out锻炼；理解，弄懂(understand)；计算(calculate)；详细拟定；解决问题(solve)；结果是work on从事；继续work at从事，致力于work as充当，作为而工作at/out of work在工作/失业We had wanted to finish our task by noon，but it didnt work out as planned.我们本想中午前完成任务，但结果并没像计划的那样。She is working on a new book.她正在忙着写一本新书。词义辨析work on，work at(1)work on意为“从事某项工作”，其后的名词是表示具体的人或事，即指说服某人或完善、完成某事，另外，work on还有“继续工作”之意。(2)work at意为“学习，研究，致力于”，其后的宾语常是problem，physics等。夯实基础用work on，work at的适当形式填空(1)After a short rest，they worked on.(2)If you work hard at English，youll make progress soon.(3)He hasnt decided yet.Im still working on him.2in the shape of以形状in (good) shape身体状况好out of shape身体不佳；变形的take shape成形Shes in good shape after months of training.她经过几个月训练身体好了。夯实基础完成句子(1)Tim is in good shape (身体状况好)physically even though he doesnt get much exercise.(2)We came out into a room in the shape of(以的形状) a star.(3)I get tired easily.I must be out of shape(身体不佳).单项填空1To deal with the global financial crisis，China a string of forceful measures over the past months.Ahas worked out Bworks outCis working out Dwill work out答案A解析由时间状语over the past months可知，应用现在完成时。2Mr.Bell pretended to be very poor. ，he was a millionaire.AAnyway BAnyhowCAs a matter of fact DAlthough答案C解析句意为：贝尔先生假装很穷，事实上，他是一个百万富翁。as a matter of fact事实上，实际上，符合句意。3Their business is now in bad shape many workers must be laid off.Athat BwhichChow Dwhere答案D解析空格后的句子为定语从句，先行词为shape(状态，情况)，故用where引导定语从句且在从句中作状语。.汉译英我长期慢跑锻炼身体。(get into shape)Ive been jogging a lot to get myself into shape.用适当的关系代词或关系副词填空1Im taking weight­loss pills called Fat­Less，which are quite popular among young women here.2My mother，who you met last year，keeps telling me not to take them because they are dangerous.3My mother insisted on sending me to the hospital，where I received good medical treatment.4Its the same in Chinamany people，some of whom are not overweight at all，are always going on a diet or taking weight­loss pills，which are often dangerous.完成下列反意疑问句1Everyone knows the answer，dont they?2He never said he would come，did he?3I dont believe she knows it，does she?4Lets have a meeting，shall we?5She must have arrived by air，hasnt she?1 I think you look great as you are，and youre a wonderful