Book7Unit4.doc

.重点单词识记1convey /knveI/ vt.运送，输送；表达2postpone /pspn/ vt.延迟，延期3section /sekn/ n部分；部件；部门4undertake /ndteIk/ vt.& vi.承担，从事；承诺，答应5authority /rtI/ n权力，权威；官方，当权者；批准，授权6enlarge /Inld/ vt.& vi.扩大，扩展，增大7anniversary /ænIvsrI/ n周年纪念日8growth /r/ n增加，增长；成长，生长9punctual /pktl/ adj.准时的，守时的10arise /raIz/ vi.出现，产生11pedestrian /pdestrIn/ n行人，步行者；adj.行人(使用)的12aggressive /resIv/ adj.好斗的，挑衅的，富于攻击性的13crash /kræ/ n& vi.& vt.撞车；碰撞；倒闭；崩溃14fine /faIn/ vt.处以罚金15drunk /drk/ adj.喝醉的；n.醉汉，酒鬼16unbelievable /nbIlivbl/ adj.非常坏(或非常好、非常极端)的，令人难以置信的believe v相信；认为belief n看法，信念17enquiry /InkwaIrI/ n询问，咨询；调查，查究，探究enquire v询问，打听18annual /ænjl/ adj.每年的，一年一次的annually adv.一年一次地19detail /diteIl/ n具体情况，详情，细节detailed adj.详细的，细致的20departure /dIpt(r)/ n离开，出发；背离，违反depart v离开，出发21load /ld/ n负荷，负载；大量，许多；vt.装载，装上，装入unload vt.卸货.重点短语识记1drop off中途下客或卸货2link up联合，连接3at (.) intervals每隔距离或时间4break out突发，爆发5make out辨认出；理解，明白；假装6put through给某人接通(电话)；使经历7decide on/upon决定，选定8put off推迟，推延；使反感9turn up出现，到来；调高(音量等)10fill in填写(表格)；消磨(时间)11a handful of少数的，少量的12split up分组，分解；分离13speed up(使)加速14arise from起因于，由引起15apply to适用于.经典原句默写与背诵1However，most trains to London only went to the outer city limits，because building railway tracks into the city would have damaged many old buildings.但大部分通往伦敦的火车只到外伦敦的边界，因为在市区修建铁路会损坏许多古建筑。2As better ways for digging tunnels were developed，the first railway tunnel under the River Thames was dug in 1884.随着先进的挖掘隧道方法的改进，第一条在泰晤士河下的铁路隧道于1884年开始动工。3Having seen the situation，a wealthy American businessman，Charles Yerkes，undertook the job of improving the system in 1902.看到这种情况，一名叫查尔斯·耶基斯的美国富商于1902年承担起了改善地铁系统的工程4What do you think it was like travelling on it 100 years ago?你认为100年前坐上它(地铁)旅行会怎么样呢？1Customers are advised to make a reservation(reserve) in advance.2Unfortunately(fortunate)，his mother died when he was very young.3Although I have much belief in him，I dont believe this story.He is always telling us unbelievable(believable) things.4He got dead drunk(drink) on only two cans of beer.5The school trip has become an annual(annually) event.6He was fined(罚款) 200 dollars for violation of the traffic regulations.7Lets postpone(延迟) making a decision until we have more information.8The work was undertaken(从事) by members of the committee.9At that time，I found it hard to convey(表达) my feelings in words.10When I reached the port，the workers were loading(装载) the ship with rice.1convey sth.to sp.运送某物到某处convey sth.to sb.向某人表达/传递convey ones feelings/meanings表达某人的感情/意思The message conveyed here is clear：“Actions speak louder than words.”这里传达的信息很清楚，即：行动比语言有力。 (2013·江苏·书面表达)When I returned home，I tried to convey the wonder of this machine to my husband.回到家后，我竭力地想把这台机器的精妙之处描述给丈夫听。 特别提醒convey后一般不能接副词back，该词多用来指传递思想、感情、信息、观点、印象等。 夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)Please convey my best wishes to her.(2)I find it hard to convey my feelings in words.2undertaken./pron.承担undertake to do.着手做，答应做undertake for.为负责Ill leave you to undertake an important mission.我要让你承担一项重要使命。She undertook responsibility for the changes.她承担了这些变革的责任。 夯实基础同义句改写He undertook that he would finish the job by Friday.(改为简单句)He undertook to finish the job by Friday.3 arise vi.起立；发生(happen)；产生；出现(start to exist)；(由)引起；(因)产生(happen as a result of.)When I arose from the chair，my father and Eleanors father were in deep conversation.当我从椅子上站起来时，我父亲和埃莉诺的父亲谈兴正浓。特别提醒arise作“出现，发生”之意时，主语多为抽象名词argument，problem，quarrel，movement等。词义辨析arise，rise，raise(1)arise不及物动词，意为“出现；发生”。(2)rise不及物动词，意为“上升；起床；升起”，说明主语自身移向更高的位置。(3)raise及物动词，意为“抬高；提高”，说明主语的动作作用于其他事物。 夯实基础用arise，rise，raise的适当形式填空(1)He raised his voice so as to be heard by the audience.(2)The river has risen by several meters.(3)The problem may not arise，but theres no harm in keeping our powder dry.4take a load off ones mind卸下心上的重负have a load on ones mind放心不下loads ofa load of许多load.with.用装载be loaded with负载The good news has taken a load off my mind.这条好消息使我如释重负。 How long will it take to load the coal onto the truck?装这车煤需要多长时间？ 夯实基础用适当的介词填空(1)The news took a load off my mind.(2)He didnt want to be loaded with any new impressions.单项填空1 heavily，the ship sank quickly into water，resulting in only a few people surviving.ALoading BTo loadCHaving been loaded DTo be loaded答案C解析本题考查非谓语动词的用法。非谓语动词在句中作原因状语，the ship和load之间的关系是被动关系，根据sink和load之间的关系可以判断load的动作发生在sink之前，说明此动作已经发生过了，所以C项是正确答案。非谓语动词to do形式多表示某动作将要发生。句意为：船装载过多，沉入海底，导致只有少数乘客生还。2Many difficulties as a result of the changeover to a new type of fuel in the past few months.Aarose Bhave arisenCarise Dhave been arisen答案B解析arise表示“(困难、问题、麻烦等)产生、出现”，是不及物动词应排除D项，由时间状语可知应用现在完成时。3He early the next morning，finding the brook one foot.Araised；raised Barose；had raisedChad arisen；risen Drose；had risen答案D解析表示“起床”时，用rise；河水的上涨也用rise表示。.选词填空1Words failed to convey my feelings the moment I saw my long­lost sister.2That is one of the most challenging engineering projects they have ever undertaken.3The workers are loading the truck with baskets.4We had to postpone our visit to the pyramids because we didnt have enough time to see them before we left Egypt.汉译英1这场争吵是由于何种原因引起的？(arise)How did this quarrel arise?2这幅画所传递的信息很清楚。(convey) (2011·北京·开放作文)The message conveyed in the picture is clear.1Wed better speed up if we want to be there on time.2Please decide on a day to have a party.3There are more and more family problems arising from lack of communication.4He promised that he would come，but he hasnt turned up yet.5Dont put off until tomorrow what can be done today.1be linked to与有关联link with连接起来，联系在一起link up with与联合(汇合，碰头)link.to.把与连接或联系起来They have planned to link up the two areas by telephone.他们计划用电话把两个地区连接起来。 夯实基础完成句子(1)The road links all the new towns.这条路把所有的新城镇连接在一起。(2)The poet links the human heart to the life of the earth.那位诗人把人的心脏同地球的生命联系起来。(3)We link up with the company.我们与这个公司携手合作。2decide to do.决定做decide sb.to do.使某人决定做decide against决定不make a decision to do.下决心做The event decided me to resign.这件事使我下了决心辞职。We havent decided on a price but were open to offers.价钱未定，欢迎顾主开价。 夯实基础同义句改写The girl decided against marrying the doctor.(用不定式改写)The girl decided not to marry the doctor.3put away把收起来，放好；储存put back放回原处；耽搁put down放下；写下，记下；镇压put forward提出(意见、建议等)put up建造，搭建；举起；留宿；提高；张贴；提出(意见等)put up with忍受，忍耐put on穿上；上演put out熄灭put through接通(电话)In Picture 1，a man is trying to put up a banner on a lonely tree surrounded by stumps，but in vain.在第一幅画中，一个男子试图把一面横幅标语挂在一棵被树桩包围的树上，但没有成功。(2013·江苏·书面表达)夯实基础翻译句子他把看牙医的事一拖再拖。He keeps putting off going to the dentist.4turn away打发走；禁止入内turn around翻身，转身turn down拒绝；调小turn into变成turn out生产；结果是；证明是turn over移交turn on/off打开/关掉turn to sb.向某人求助Some all­A students in school have turned out not to be as successful in society as they were expected.学校里一些优秀学生踏入社会后不像人们预料的那么成功。 (2011·陕西·书面表达) 夯实基础用含有turn的短语填空(1)She turned up at the doorstep of my house in Cornwall.(2)I would，indeed，turn the evidence over to the police.(3)New technologies have made it possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost.(4)Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs，or you could have problems.(5)If nothing is done，the oceans will turn into fish deserts.5at high/low/full/top speed以高/低/全/最高速at a speed of以速度pick up speed/gather speed加速slow down减速Even worse，if there were no change about that，diseases would spread at a very quick speed.更糟的是，如果没有变化，疾病就会快速蔓延。夯实基础完成句子(1)Mark neednt have hurried.After driving at top speed(以最高速)，he arrived half an hour early.(2)The police car is running at a speed of(以速度) 100 miles per hour to chase after the truck ahead of it.(3)The car slowed down(减速) as they passed Customs.单项填空1The television screens of the next century to an emerging world telecommunications grid.Awill link upBwill be linked upCwill be linking upDlinked up 答案B2How exciting！I drove my new car a speed of 110 km/h on Sunday morning.Afor BatCin Don答案B解析at a speed of以的速度，为固定搭配。3The Internet is widely used， the development of English.Awhich speeds up Bspeeds upCto speed up Dit speeds up答案A解析由句意和前面的逗号可知，后面应该是一个非限制性定语从句，故选A项。.汉译英1 但是它们同样引起了一些像空气污染和交通堵塞等这样的问题。(traffic jams)(2011·江西·书面表达)However，they also caused some problems such as air pollution and traffic jams.2我们必须加快经济改革的步伐。(speed up)We must speed up the pace of our economic reform.选择括号内的短语动词填空1The sound of the happy laughter called up(call for/call up) memories of his childhood.2This group of designers draw up (drew up/set up)a plan for the project of the company.3A good speaker is supposed to manage to get across to(get across to/make sense to) the listeners what he means.4Todays children are raised in a way that is totally different from how their parents were brought up(bring on/bring up)5I have set down(set out/set down) everything that happened，as I remember it. So，why not take a trip on the oldest underground system today？所以，今天为什么不乘坐世界上最古老的地铁观赏一番呢？(1)why not有三重含义：表示对否定陈述的回答“为什么不；为什么是那样？”；表示建议“为什么不干呢？做如何？”；表示同意“当然可以，好啊”。why not跟不带to的动词不定式，用来提出建议，表示“为什么不”，即Why not do.？Why dont/wont you do.？(2)Why do.？用来提出批评，表明做某事是愚蠢的或无意义的。(3)Why so？为什么那样？(4)Why is it that.？是因为什么？We could invite John and Barbara to the Friday night party.Yes，why not？Ill give them a call right now.我们可以邀请John和Barbara参加星期五的晚会。好啊，为什么不呢？我立刻给他们打电话。Lets go to see the movie.Why not?我们去看电影吧。好啊。夯实基础同义句改写Why wont you come and join us in the game？(改为省略句)Why not come and join us in the game?.单项填空1Now that you are free， go to the cinema with me?Awhy dont Bwhy not toCwhy do you Dwhy not答案D解析句意为：既然你没什么事做，为什么不跟我一起去看电影呢？提出建议应用Why dont you do sth.？或Why not do sth.？。2Lao Li，you were late for the meeting and our boss got very angry.Sorry，but I for 20 minutes on the way here in the traffic jam.Awas held up Bheld upCam held up Dhave held up答案A解析由were late可知应是过去的事，所以排除C、D两项，这里指的是被耽搁，故用被动语态。3Figuring out your passion lies will help you become successful.Awhere Bin whichCthat Dhow答案A解析句意为：弄清楚你的热情在哪里，会帮助你获得成功。分析句子结构知从句中缺少地点状语，所以用where。4The education program combining brain work with manual labor is being widely spread throughout the country.Ato aim at Baims atChaving aimed at Daimed at答案D解析分析句子成分可知，该句主干为The education program is being widely spread throughout the country.，题干中的“aimed at combining brain work with manual labor”为主语的后置定语，这里的aimed at可以被看作“(that/which is) aimed at”的省略形式。5 I feel pity on hurricane victims in America，I cant really do very much to help them but contribute my pocket money.AAs long as BWhenCWhile DEven答案C解析考查连词。句意为：尽管我对美国的飓风受害者表示同情，但我真的不能做多少事情来帮助他们，只有捐助我的零花钱。while表示“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。.汉译英开车的时候，你应该系上安全带。(whiledoing省略结构)While driving，you should wear your seat belts.1One of our rules is that every student wear school uniform while at school.(2012·辽宁，24)Amight Bcould Cshall Dwill答案C解析本题中的rules是关键词。这里讲述的是规章制度，这让我们联想到shall用于第二、三人称，表达“允诺、命令、警告或威胁”的含义。句意为：我们的规定之一是，每个学生在校时都要穿校服。2We promise attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.(2012·福建，35)Awho BwhomCwhoever Dwhomever答案C解析句意为：无论是谁参加晚会我们都许诺给他/她一个和电影明星拍照的机会。promise sb.sth.许诺某人某事，即promise后跟双宾语，whoever attends the party为whoever引导的名词性从句，充当promise的宾语，因为从句缺少主语，故不能选择宾格形式的whom和whomever，而who表示特指，由句意可知此处表示泛指，故C项为正确答案。3“The moment soon，” he thought to himself，waiting nervously.(2012·湖南，27)Acame Bhas comeCwas coming Dis coming答案D解析根据soon“很快”断定用将来时，这里是直接引语，所以要用is coming(表示“来、去、动身、启程”这类动词经常用进行时表将来)。句意为：“这一时刻很快就要到了。”他心想，并着急地等待着。4Armed with the information you have gathered，you can preparing your business plan. (2012·浙江，15)Aset out Bset aboutCset off Dset up答案B解析句意为：有这些你所收集的信息，你可以着手准备你的商业计划了。set about doing sth.开始做，着手做，符合句意。set out to do sth.着手；set off出发；set up建立，均不符合语境，故排除。5Rod loves clocks. However，he never manages to put them together again.(2012·辽宁，26)Ataking apart Bgiving awayCmaking up Dturning off答案A解析take apart拆开。句意为：Rod喜欢拆钟表，然而他无法把钟表再安装起来。give away分发，捐赠，泄露；make up弥补，占据；turn off关闭。.单项填空1Were having a meeting in half an hour.The decision at the meeting will influence the future of our company. (2012·重庆，28)Ato be madeBbeing madeCmadeDhaving been made答案A解析句意为：我们半小时后将要举行一个会议。会议的决定将影响我们公司的未来。题干中“in half an hour”和“will influence”都表示将来，由此可知the decision是将被作出的，to be made正合题意。而being made表“正被作出”；made和having been made都表“已被作出”，均不合题意。2Is this the second time that you the Summer Palace?Avisit Bare visitingChad visited Dhave visited答案D解析考查动词时态。句意为：这是你第二次参观颐和园吗？本句是一个常用句型：this is the序数词time现在完成时态的从句。故答案选D项。3He has made a lot of films，but good ones.Aany Bsome Cfew Dmany答案C解析句意为：他已经制作了很多部电影，但没有几部佳作。解题的关键在于but一词，but表转折，按行文逻辑其后应为否定意思，故选few。4I cant understand a decision until it is too late.Ahim to postpone to makeBhis postpone to makeChim to postpone makingDhis postponing making答案D解析understand后跟doing，postpone后跟doing。故选D项。5We must a topic before we start to write.Adecide between Bdecide toCdecide on Ddecide against答案C解析句意为：在开始写作之前我们必须先选定一个主题。decide on确定，选定，符合语境。decide between在之间作出选择；decide to决定做；decide against决定不用(做)。6His heart the hearts of the masses.Alinks with Blinks toCis linked with Dis linked to答案C解析句意为：他的心同人民大众的心连在一起。link.with.把和连接起来，被动式是.be linked with.。7Can you put me to this number?Aacross BthroughCup Dover答案B解析句意为：你能为我接通这个号码吗？put through接通(电话)。8Many difficulties have as a result of change over a new type of fuel.Arisen BarisenCto arise Dbeen arisen答案B解析arise可表示“(困难、问题、麻烦等的)产生、出现”。9I cant find her passport anywhere.She must have taken it， ？Adidnt she Bdoesnt sheCmustnt she Dhasnt she答案D解析考查反意疑问句。句意为：我在任何地方都找不到她的护照，她一定是带走了，是吧？句中must have taken是对发生在过去但对现在造成影响的动作进行