大学英语一册UnitoneHowtoimproveYourS.ppt

大学英语第一册 Unit one How to improve Your Study Habits,教学重点：,关于study habits 的常识。 对schedule,distraction,test and grades 的认识。,教学目的：,引导学生明确大学学习的特点和规律，学会自主 学习和主动学习，养成良好而有效的学习习惯， 并和同学交流自己的学习方法。,学习内容,Information related to the text,Study of the words and text,Difficult sentences,Writing style and techniques,Questions for consideration and discussion,Intelligence is an abstract concept. A persons intelligence level is decided by his Intelligence Quotient (i.e IQ), a psychological term that is used to show whether one is intelligent or not.,Here “average intelligence” means “normal ability to learn and understand.” A student with average intelligence or an average student is a student neither very bright nor very dull who does sufficiently well but wins no distinction. When we say a person is intelligent, we usually mean he or she studies and learns fast, or comes up with clever solutions to problem.,Average intelligence,When your IQ is between 80-100, you are of average intelligence; when your score is more than 130, you can be regarded as talent.,Hobby-a leisure-time interest or activity taken up primarily for pleasure.,Habit-a tendency to repeat an act again and again, or a behavior pattern that has a degree of unconscious stubborn repetition. For example: a habit of scratching ones head when thinking, the habit of smoking, a habit of thrift, a reading habit , and a note-taking habit.,A hobby may involve the development of intricate knowledge of or capability in a special field. For example : stamp-collecting, coin-collecting, photography,raveling, plane model making, and bird-watching.,Hobbies and Habits,Skimming and scanning are two major fast reading skills.,Scanning , in contrast, is defined as the ability to locate specific information or facts as rapidly as possible. Usually, when you scan for information, you know what you are looking for before you begin.,These two terms are sometimes used interchangeably. Generally, however, skimming is defined as the ability to identify main ideas while rapidly discarding minor points.,Skimming and Skinning,Study of the words and text,average:,concentrate,commit,occupy,aware,(adj): mean平均的,(on) ( vi):全神贯注,(vt) 犯(错误、罪行),(vt) 使忙碌，使从事,(adj)意识到，知道,average,adj.平均的,ordinary; normal普通的，一般的,(n)平均数，平均,(v) 平均,例子：,What is the average rainfall for July? The average age of the students in this class is 19.,ordinary; normal普通的，一般的,What is the yearly income of an average family in Shanghai? I was average in my class though I had hoped I would be better.,adj.平均的:,on (the/an) average一般说来，通常。 above/below the average在一般水平以上/以下,(n)平均数，平均,concentrate,(on)( vi)全神贯注，全力以赴,(vt)集中，聚集,浓缩,keep or direct all ones efforts, thoughts attention, ect.,Your should concentrate your attention on your study.,The first step is to concentrate fruit juice.,concentration (n),concentration camp集中营,He concentrated on his reading so that he could understand the story.,Please concentrate on your work.,commit: (vt),perform a crime, a foolish act, ect,犯（错误、罪行），干（蠢事、坏事）,They have committed many horrible crimes against the American people.,(oneself to) make oneself responsible; undertake,使承担义务，使承诺,He has committed himself to support these orphans.,(sb/sth to) entrust, give up, hand over to, for safe keeping or treatment.,把托付给，把置于,When she is busy, she often commits her daughter to her mother.,decide to give (time, money, ect) for special usage.,调拨供使用，拨出,occupy(vt),take up; cause to engage 使忙碌，使从事,He occupied himself in/with collecting stamps.,Her son occupies all her attention.,be occupied in/with,take and possess占，占用，占领,Sorry, this seat is occupied.,We occupied the enemys capital yesterday morning.,aware（adj）(of/that):,having knowledge or realization意识到，知道,Are you aware of your mistakes?,He is fully aware that he is late for the meeting.,aware and conscious辨析：,aware强调感官对外界事物的感觉。,conscious则强调内心的感觉。,He was not aware of my arrival.,He was conscious of that man staring at him.,Difficult sentences(难句讲解),Sounds too good to be true.(Introduction),It is an elliptical sentence. The subject “it” is omitted here. This idea is so good that you can hardly believe it.,e.g. Your story sounds to be true.,“tooto” structure indicates negative meaning.,e.g. The water is too dirty to drink.,It sounds to me as if you really did it for me.,sound: seem when heard,Difficult sentences(难句讲解),This is not necessarily the case, however.(L.3),The word “This” indicates the previous two sentences: “ Perhaps you are an average student with average intelligence”, “ You do well enough in school, but you probably think you will never be a top student. “However” is used to indicate conversion.,This is a typical simple sentence, though there is a little bit difficulty for us to understand the meaning.,It can be put at the beginning, the middle, or the end of the sentences.,Difficult sentences(难句讲解),Yes, even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work.,“Yes” is used here not to answer a question, but to emphasize what is going to say or discuss. It is used in the text to emphasize the point: “receive better grades”.,“even” in the sentence is also used to emphasize” students of average intelligence”.,This emphasis indicates that you” may do better than them because you are above the average”.,Difficult sentences(难句讲解),Fill in committed time such as eating, sleeping, meetings, classes, etc.(L6-7),The understanding of the sentence lies in the understanding of the phrase “committed time”.,According to the detailed explanation: “such as eating, sleeping, meetings, classes”, we know that these are things we must do everyday.,So we can guess that “ the committed time” means time set aside for special purpose.,Difficult sentences(难句讲解),This weekly schedule may not solve all of your problems, but it will make you more aware of how you spend your time.(L 12-14),This is a commonly used complex sentence. The two sentences are connected by conjunction “ but”. Complex sentence can also be connected by “ and”, “or”, or even punctuation.,The clause “ how you spend your time” is used as the object of “of”.,This“ preposition+objective clause” is frequently used in English. There are more examples to explain the usage. e.g. Im looking forward to what youll say.,Writing style and techniques,本文是说明文，文章大致可分为三部分。,第二部分包括第二至七段，共六段，这六段讲述了人类从古到今对大脑的了解及研究。,第一部分即第一段虽然只有一句话，却很清楚地点明了全文的中心思想，即人类对于其身体中最有功效，最为复杂的部位-大脑，仍有很多需要了解的东西。,第三部分即最后一段，这段与第一段一样简洁，只有两句话，却简明地归纳全文的主要论点，即人类已开始研究其大脑，以了解更多的东西。,Writing style and techniques,本文为说明文(exposition),文章结构清晰明了，可分为三 大部分。,第二部分包括第二至第七段，作者使用了列举的方法 在这六段中列出了六种好的学习方法，每一段叙述一种 学习方法，且每一段的第一句话都是主题句(topic sentence)，点明了全段要表达的意思，第二段的主题句 为“plan your time carefully”(1.6)，由此我们可以很清楚 地知道全段将要讲述的是仔细安排时间的方法。,第一部分即文章的第一段，此段点明了全文的主题， 即“Even students of average intelligence can be top students without additional work.”,Questions for consideration and discussion,Summary Questions and Concluding Remarks,本文的句子都比较短，只有极少的句子超过两行， 这与文章简明的结构非常相称。,第三部分即文章的最后一段，这一段是结束段 (concluding paragraph),作者对全文进行了简单归纳,并 用最后一句“Improving your study habits will improve your grades”与第一段相响应，再次突出了全文的主题,Bye-bye,不想走了！ 还要看？,