CECS20蒸压灰砂砖砌体结构设计与施工规程.doc

political advocates, and struggle target, and organization principles, and excellent style and on members of basic requirements, further clear do qualified members of standard, upgrade respected, and fear and comply with Constitution Party rules of thought consciously, lane clear the do what, and shouldn't do what, can do what, and cannot do what, keep live Communist is work of benchmark and bottom line. Party members and leading cadres above the county level to local party committees for further study work and party work, selecting and appointing party and Government leading cadres work rules and other regulations in the party, Required for the efforts to improve the leadership level of political literacy and policy. XI series important speech, General Secretary, the latest achievement is the system of theories of socialism with Chinese characteristics, strengthen party ideological theory, the most important is the spiritual unity, armed with a series of important speech. Party members to thoroughly understand the XI series of the basic spirit of the important speech by General Secretary, learn to understand new ideas new ideas and new central governance the basic elements of the strategy, understanding enhance party spirit, fulfills the purpose concepts, self-restraint and moral character, and other basic requirements. Party members and leading cadres above the county level to learn the original, read, enlightenment principles, understand speech of rich content and core essence, master Marxist positions the method through which, knowing that good talk show a strong belief in pursuit, history as spirit, sincere feelings for the people, pragmatic style of thinking, better guide and promote career development. Meanwhile, in accordance with provincial requirements, continuous learning, XI Jinping, the important speech of General Secretary of Henan work research guide, in preparation for the Party Committee in the general process of cadres with the important speeches and instructions to lead practice, planning development; XI Jinping, in accordance with the spirit of the important instructions, General Secretary, Comrade Mao Zedong, the Party Committee's working methods into learning content and improve the scientific level of party committees at all levels. Two innovative learning method. Focused learning and self-study combined combined, learning to read and discuss, organize the vast numbers of party members plan, in thematic studies. Full use of the resources, primary contact point, education in party spirit and the warning education bases, revolutionary tradition and warning education, experiential education. Powerful hand give a Party lecture as enhancing the effectiveness of learning, "71" before and after each branch set to arrange a party lecture, leading cadres must give a Party lecture as an important responsibility, leading in the branch give a Party lecture, to the rural, communities, businesses, schools and other grass-roots party branch give a Party lecture. Give full play to the theorists, practitioners, outstanding party members, members of grass-roots party蒸压灰砂砖砌体结构设计与施工规程 CECS2090中国工程建设标准化协会标准蒸压灰砂砖砌体结构设计与施工规程 CECS2090 主编单位:全国砌体结构标准技术委员会 批准单位:中国工程建设标准化协会批准日期:1990年9月25日1991北京前 言蒸压灰砂砖砌体结构,在我国已得到普遍推广,它有节约粘土、不破坏耕地的优点,但是灰砂砖具有抗剪强度低、初期收缩变形大和施工质量不易控制的缺点,使其推广使用受到限制。为了使灰砂砖得到合理推广使用,本规程编制组进行了较为系统的试验研究,总结了设计、施工和使用的经验,在借鉴重庆、长沙等地的地方性规程的基础上制订了本规程,并多次征求了意见。经反复修改,最后由全国砌体结构标准技术委员会审查定稿。现批准蒸压灰砂砖砌体结构设计与施工规程CECS2090并推荐给各工程设计、施工单位使用。为了进一步提高本规程的质量,请各单位在执行过程中,注意积累资料,总结经验。如发现需要修改和补充之外,请将意见和有关资料寄交中国建筑东北设计院(沈阳市光荣街65号,邮政编码110006),以便今后修订。中国工程建设标准化协会1990年9月25日目 录主要符号第一章 总则第二章 材料第三章 设计与构造要求第四章 抗震设计第一节 一般规定第二节 地震作用和抗震承载力验算第三节 构造柱及构造框架的构造要求第五章 施工技术要求附录一 轴向力影响系数附录二 本规程用词说明附加说明主 要 符 号 第一章 总 则第1.0.1条 为了使蒸压灰砂砖(以下简称灰砂砖)在结构设计和施工中得到合理的应用与推广,特制订本规程。第1.0.2条 本规程适用于一般工业与民用建筑及构筑物的灰砂砖砌体结构的设计与施工。注:本规程不适用于多孔和空心灰砂砖砌体。第1.0.3条 设计灰砂砖砌体结构时,除应遵守本规程的规定外,尚应遵守现行砌体结构设计规范、建筑抗震设计规范及砖石工程施工及验收规范的有关规定。第1.0.4条 对湿陷性黄土地区或膨胀土地区的灰砂砖砌体结构设计与施工要求,尚应符合国家现行的有关标准规范的规定。第二章 材 料第2.0.1条 灰砂砖和砂浆的强度等级,应按下列规定采用:一、灰砂砖的强度等级:MU25、MU20、MU15和MU10。灰砂砖的技术要求、试验方法和检验规则应符合现行国家标准蒸压灰砂砖(JC153-75)的规定。二、砂浆的强度等级:M15、M10、M7.5、M5和M2.5。砂浆强度等级的确定方法应遵守建筑砂浆基本性能试验方法的.规定,但试块的底模应采用含水率不大于2%的灰砂砖。第2.0.2条 龄期为28d的灰砂砖砌体抗压强度设计值可按表2.0.2采用。当有可靠依据时,也可按试验值计算求得。第2.0.3条 龄期为28d的灰砂砖砌体的抗剪强度设计值可按表2.0.3采用。当有可靠试验依据时,也可按试验值计算求得。当需要灰砂砖砌体的弯曲抗拉强度设计值时,可按试验结果确定;当无试验依据时,弯曲抗拉强度设计值可近似取抗剪强度设计值的1.3倍。注:不得设计轴心受拉的灰砂砖砌体构件。第2.0.4条 下列情况,灰砂砖砌体的强度设计值应乘以调整系数a:一、有吊车房屋和梁跨度9m的多层房屋,a=0.9。二、构件截面面积A<0.3m2时,a=0.7+A。三、当采用水泥砂浆砌筑时:1.表2.0.2中的抗压强度设计值乘以a系数0.85。2.表2.0.3中的抗剪强度设计值乘以a系数0.75。四、当验算施工中房屋的构件时,a=1.10。第2.0.5条 施工阶段砂浆尚未硬化的新砌体可按砂浆强度为0确定其强度;当砂浆强度等级低于M2.5,而其强度为1.0MPa时,砌体强度设计值可按表2.0.2采用。冬期施工时,灰砂砖砌体不应采用冻结法施工;当采用掺盐砂浆法施工时,砌体强度应通过试验确定。当无试验依据时,砂浆强度等级可按其常温施工时的强度等级提高二级,此时砌体强度和稳定性可不予验算。第2.0.6条 灰砂砖砌体的弹性模量、剪变模量和线膨胀系数可按表2.0.6确定。摩擦系数可采用与普通粘土砖相同的数值。砌体的自重可按20kN/m3采用。第三章 设计与构造要求第3.0.1条 灰砂砖砌体结构在静载作用下的基本设计规定和粘土砖砌体结构相同,可按砌体结构设计规范(GBJ3-88)第3.1.1条第3.2.10条的规定采用。第3.0.2条 无筋砌体构件的承载力计算可按砌体结构设计规范(GBJ3-88)第四章和本规程附录一的规定进行,但设计时尚应注意遵守下列规定:一、在计算受压构件时,本规程附录一给出的轴向力影响系数已考虑了高厚比增大系数1.2的影响。二、轴向力的偏心距不宜超过0.7y。注:y截面重心到轴向力所在偏心方向截面边缘的距离。第3.0.3条 构件的允许高厚比计算应按砌体结构设计规范(GBJ3-88)第五章第一节的规定进行。第3.0.4条 一般构造要求除应符合砌体结构设计规范(GBJ3-88)第五章第二节的规定外,尚应符合:一、地面或防潮层以下的砌体所用的砖和砂浆的最低强度等级应符合表3.0.4的规定。二、纵横墙交接处,当无构造柱且留直槎时,应沿竖向每隔500mm设拉结钢筋,其数量每120mm墙厚不得少于1.6,埋入长度从留槎处算起每边不少于500mm。三、女儿墙顶两皮砖下的水平缝内,宜设置26钢筋,并沿墙四周圈通。第3.0.5条 为防止灰砂砖砌体房屋底层墙体开裂,可采取下列措施:一、在底层窗台下第一皮砖水平灰缝内设置36钢筋,钢筋伸入窗间墙内长度每边不小于500mm。二、采用钢筋混凝土窗台板,窗台板嵌入窗间墙内每边不小于250mm。三、在窗台墙中间或窗台角墙体设置竖向通缝,通缝高度以自窗台向下500mm为宜。第3.0.6条 为防止墙体由于温差引起开裂,可按砌体结构设计规范(GBJ3-88)第五章第三节的有关规定采用。但由于灰砂砖干缩较大,各地在设计时可根据实践经验采用更有效的措施。注:灰砂砖砌体房屋的温度伸缩缝的最大间距,宜小于砌体结构设计规范(GBJ3-88)第五章第三节表5.3.2规定的限值。第3.0.7条 圈梁的设置与构造要求除应符合砌体结构设计规范(GBJ3-88)第六章第一节的规定外,尚应符合:一、对多层房屋,圈梁应在外墙及每隔15mm左右的横墙上拉通,并伸入其余纵横墙内1.52.0m。二、不宜采用配筋砖圈梁。三、房屋顶层宜设置现浇圈梁并沿内外墙圈通。第3.0.8条 门窗洞口上宜采用钢筋混凝土过梁,过梁的计算应符合砌体结构设计规范(GBJ3-88)第六章的有关规定。第3.0.9条 墙梁、挑梁和筒拱设计除应符合砌体结构设计规范(GBJ3-88)第六章的有关规定外,尚应符合:一、地震区的墙梁应采用框支墙梁。墙梁两端的支承框架柱应向上延伸一至二层,并与墙梁上的楼层圈梁连成整体,延伸部分柱的截面与配筋可按计算确定或按本规程第四章的有关规定确定。二、有洞口墙梁的墙肢宽度宜按砌体结构设计规范(GBJ3-88)中表6.3.2规定的限值适当加大。第四章 抗震设计第一节 一般规定第4.1.1条 房屋和构筑物的平面布置应力求简单规则,纵横墙宜分别对齐,沿高度对正贯通全高,窗间墙宜等宽均匀布置。第4.1.2条 灰砂砖房屋总高度及层数不宜超过表4.1.2的规定。第4.1.3条 抗震横墙除应满足静力和抗震承载力验算外,其最大间距不应超过表4.1.3的规定。第4.1.4条 灰砂砖房屋的局部尺寸限值宜遵守表4.1.4的规定。第4.1.5条 灰砂砖多层房屋的水平地震作用可采用底部剪力法计算,地震作用沿高度按倒三角形比例分配。第4.1.6条 灰砂砖房屋的最大高宽比符合表4.1.6的规定时,可不作整体弯曲验算。第4.1.7条 灰砂砖房屋可不进行天然地基和基础的抗震承载力验算。第二节 地震作用和抗震承载力验算第4.2.1条 灰砂砖房屋一般可在建筑结构的两个主轴方向分别考虑水平地震作用,并进行抗震承载力验算;各方向的水平地震作用应全部由该方向的抗侧力构件承担。第4.2.2条 计算地震作用时,房屋的重力代表值取结构和构配件自重标准值和各可变荷载组合值之和,各可变荷载组合值系数应按表4.2.2的规定采用。第4.2.3条 采用底部剪力法计算地震作用时,各楼层可仅考虑一个自由度,灰砂砖房屋的水平地震作用标准值应按下列公式计算(图4.2.3):第4.2.4条 采用底部剪力法计算突出屋面的屋顶间、女儿墙、烟囱等地震作用效应时,宜乘以增大系数3,此增大部分的地震作用效应不应往下传递。第4.2.5条 结构的楼层水平地震剪力应分别按下列原则分配:一、现浇和装配整体式钢筋混凝土的楼、屋盖等刚性楼盖建筑,宜按抗侧力构件等效刚度的比例分配。二、木楼、屋盖等柔性楼盖建筑,宜按抗侧力构件从属面积上重力荷载代表值的比例分配。三、普通预制板的装配式钢筋混凝土楼盖、屋盖的建筑,可取上述两种分配结果的平均值。第4.2.6条 进行地震剪力分配和截面验算时,层间墙段的抗侧力刚度应分别按下列原则确定:一、当h/b<1时,只考虑剪切变形。二、当1h/b4时,应同时考虑弯曲和剪切变形。二、当h/b>4时,可不计其刚度。式中 h楼层层高; b墙段长度。第4.2.7条 多层灰砂砖房屋,可只选择承载面积大或竖向应力较小的墙段进行截面抗剪验算。第4.2.8条 灰砂砖墙体在抗剪验算时,沿阶梯形截面破坏的抗震抗剪强度设计值应按下式确定:第三节 构造柱及构造框架的构造要求第4.3.1条 灰砂砖房屋应按表4.3.1的规定设置钢筋混凝土构造柱或构造框架。第4.3.2条 构造柱和圈梁的截面尺寸和其他构造措施应按建筑抗震设计规范(GBJ11-89)的有关规定采用。第4.3.3条 构造框架中柱的设置应符合下列要求:一、当房屋基础为混凝土条形基础时,柱必须从基础开始(图4.3.3-1);当基础为砖或毛石基础时,柱必须从室外地坪以下0.5m开始,且应设置纵、横墙拉通的地圈梁(图4.3.3-2)。二、构造框架柱的截面尺寸不应小于240mm×240mm,纵向钢筋不宜小于414,箍筋不应小于6,间距不应大于200mm,房屋外墙阳角的构造框架柱可适当加大截面和配筋。的有关规定。第4.3.4条 构造框架中的圈梁设置应符合下列要求:一、按表4.3.1设置构造框架的结构,必须在房屋的每个楼层设置圈梁,H沿房屋的纵横墙拉通,屋盖处必须采用现浇钢筋混凝土圈梁。二、圈梁的截面尺寸不应小于240mm×180mm,圈梁的主筋不应小于412,箍筋不应小于6,间距不应大于200mm。三、采用现浇钢筋混凝土楼盖时,应利用伸入纵横墙的板带形成圈梁,其截面及配筋同本条二的规定。四、圈梁的其他构造措施应符合建筑抗震设计规范(GBJ11-89)的有关规定。第4.3.5条 构造框架中柱和圈梁的连接应符合下列要求:一、柱与圈梁相交的节点应加密柱的箍筋,加密范围在圈梁上下不小于1/6层高和450mm,加密部分的箍筋间距不应大于100mm。二、柱和圈梁必须有可靠的连接,柱内钢筋在顶层应锚入圈梁,圈梁的钢筋在穿过柱或锚入柱内,柱和圈梁钢筋的锚入长度不应小于35d和500mm(图4.3.5-1、图4.3.5-2),钢筋锚入长度范围内的箍筋间距不应大于100mm。第五章 施工技术要求第5.0.1条 灰砂砖砌体工程的施工和验收除应符合砖石工程施工及验收规范(GBJ203-83)的有关规定外,尚应符合本章的规定。第5.0.2条 灰砂砖出釜后应放置一段时间后砌筑,放置时间不宜少于一个月。第5.0.3条 砌筑灰砂砖砌体时,砖的含水率宜控制在5%8%;在干燥天气,灰砂砖应在砌筑前12d浇水;禁止使用干砖或含饱和水的砖砌筑墙体,也不宜在雨天砌筑。第5.0.4条 灰砂砖砌体宜采用较大灰膏比的混合砂浆。注:有条件时,可优先采用高粘结性的专用砂浆。第5.0.5条 灰砂砖砌筑砂浆应饱满,水平灰缝的砂浆饱满度不得低于80%;砌筑过程中需校直时,必须在砂浆凝结前进行。第5.0.6条 清水墙体必须进行二次勾缝,勾缝砂浆宜采用细砂拌制的11.5水泥砂浆。第5.0.7条 灰砂砖砌体每天可砌高度不宜超过一步脚手架的高度,也不宜超过1.5m。第5.0.8条 灰砂砖不宜与粘土砖或其他品种的砖同层混砌。附录二 本规程用词说明一、为便于在执行本规程条文时区别对待,对要求严格程度的用词说明如下:1.表示很严格,非这样作不可的用词: 正面词采用“必须”;反面词采用“严禁”。2.表示严格,在正常情况下均应这样做的用词: 正面词采用“应”;反面词采用“不应”或“不得”。3.表示允许有选择,在条件许可时首先应这样做的用词: 正面词采用“宜”或“可”;反面词采用“不宜”。二、条文中必须按指定的标准、规范或其他有关规定执行时,写法为“应按执行”或“应符合规定”,非必须按所指定的标准、规范或其他规定执行时,写法为“可参照”。附加说明本规程主要起草人名单 主要起草人员:中国建筑东北设计院 苑振芳 纪晓惠 上海建筑材料工业学院 钱义良上海同济大学 朱伯龙 程才渊 郑 颐湖南大学 陈行之 梁建国重庆建筑科学研究所 易先太 林文修长沙城建科研所 徐 仁 袁策玉 黄晓晗 审查单位:全国砌体结构标准技术委员会organizations, Secretary General of their respective advantages and q/a-release puzzle, interactive communication. Third, learning effectiveness. Close contact itself thought, and work, and life actual, in-depth reflection adhere to ideal faith, and comply with discipline rules, and strict to slim sets, and practice behavior people purposes, aspects situation, real hit thought soul, and into spirit blood, constantly unlock thought buttons, and corrected awareness deviation, learning thought practice Wu in the remember party rules discipline, firm right political direction, habit discipline consciously, firm China features Socialist road confidence, and theory confidence, and system confidence. Second, in "doing" work for example, always try to do something. "Learning" is "" basis, "do" is "learning" purposes. The unity of knowledge, be qualified party members, the most fundamental is to enhance political par core, situation awareness, awareness, awareness. This "four consciousness", embodies the fundamental political orientation, Political positions, political demands, is the touchstone of testing political quality of party members. To strengthen "four consciousness" as a basic requirement, and guide the broad masses of party members and cadres par determined to learn from the CPC Central Committee, and General Secretary to XI Jinping, the party's theory, line, principles and policies in line, to the decisions of the Central Committee line, flag of the firm with the CPC Central Committee, ideologically, politically and in action with comrade XI Jinping as General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee was very consistent. This "two learn a do" learning education, looks at party and national career new development on members of new requirements, clear proposed Communist to do "four told four has", this and good cadres 20 Word standard, and "three strict three real", and "four a iron General", and loyalty clean play, requirements is consistent of, is current history conditions Xia qualified Communist standard of materialized. Learning education, each of the party members and cadres should be the "four spoke four" as ruler, often measure, view and transform themselves, truly do combine, do something. A talk about politics, faith, be politically qualified. When a Communist Party member must first be qualified politically. To do politically wise, keep the political nature of the Communists, stand tall and ideal and belief "backbone" firm belief in Marxism, firm belief in socialism and communism with Chinese characteristics, absolutely loyal to the party, party, party, party, party, party to party, party party. Second, we must show good manners and discipline, do discipline fail. Well-organized and disciplined is the party's power. To abide by party discipline, party rules in particular political discipline and rules, enhance the concept of organization, subordinate to the Organization to decide, knowing fear, bright line, abide by the rules. Three talk about morality, character, character qualified. Communist Party members should make a moral model. Should pass长江委信息研究中心馆藏 25