1、2023年中考英语时事热点阅读专练热点43京剧的历史与发展历程一、阅读理解1BeijingOpera,alsocalledPekingOpera,isournationalopera.Itcameintobeing（形成）after1790andhasahistoryofover200years.ItsmusicandsingingcamefromXipiandErhuanginAnhuiandHubei.TheGuangxuEmperor（帝王）andEmpressDowagerCixiwerealsocrazyaboutBeijingOperaandhelpeddeveloptheartf
2、orm.TherearefourmainrolesinBeijingOpera:Sheng,Dan,Jing,Chou.Shengistheleadingmale（男性）actor.Forexample,aWushengisasoldierorfighter.AXiaoshengisayoungman.ALaoshengisanoldmanwithbeard（胡子）.Danisthefemale（女性）role.Jing,mostlymale,isthefacepaintedroleandChouisthecomedy（喜剧）actororclown（小丑）.BeijingOperaisful
3、loffamousstories,beautifulfacialpaintings,wonderfulgesturesandfighting.Someofthestoriesarefromhistorybooks,butmostarefromfamousnovels.Thepeopleinthestoriesusuallycantagreewitheachother.Theybecomeangry,unhappy,sadandlonely.Sometimestheyareafraidandworried.Thentheyfindawaytomakepeacewith（与讲和）eachother
4、Everyoneisusuallyhappyintheend.BeijingOperaisanimportantpartofChineseculture.InChinaitusedtobepopularwitholdpeoplewhileyoungpeopledidntlikeitverymuch.However,moreyoungpeoplearebecominginterestedinitnowadays.AndmorepeoplearoundtheworldarelearningaboutBeijingOperasspecialsinging,actingandfacialpainti
5、ngs.1. BeijingOperassingingisfrom.A. AnhuiandHubeiB.（hehistorybookC.theliteratureandnovelsThesecondparagraphof（hepassageisabouttheofBeijingOpera.A. storiesB.paintingsC.rolesFromthepassage,weknowtheroleChoumostprobablyhasa（n）feature.A. honestB.funnyC.seriousWhichisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A. PekingO
6、peraisfullofdifferentgestures.B. ThereareonlyfourrolesinBeijingOpera.C. BeijingOperaisthemostpopularintheworld.【答案】ACBA【解析】本文中先后介绍了京剧的形成，四大主要角色，以及京剧的主要创作特点。1. 细节理解题。根据ItsmusicandsingingcamefromXipiandErhuanginAnhuiandHubei,可知，京剧的唱腔来自于安徽和湖北，故选A。2. 主旨大意题。根据“TherearcfourmainrolesinBeijingOpera:Sheng,Da
7、n,Jing,Chou可知，第二段主要讲的是京剧的角色，故选C。3. 细节理解题。根据“Chouisthecomedy（喜剧）actororclown”可知，丑角是很滑稽的，故选B。4. 推理判断题。根据BeijingOperaisfulloffamousstories,beautifulfacialpaintings,wonderfulgesturesandfghting,可知，京剧充满了不同的手势，A表述正确，故选A。2AmongalltraditionalChineseoperas,typesoffacialmakeupinPekingOperahavedevelopedintothem
8、ostsystematicone.Differentcolorsareusedtoshowdifferentcharacters,butatfirst,onlythreecolorswereused:red,white,andblack.Redisgenerallyusedtoshowthataroleishonest,frankandloyal.Infact,redisoriginallyjusttoshowthecolorofpeoplesskin.Becausemanyrolesuseredandblacktoshowtheyareverybraveandhonest,redgradua
9、llyhasanothermeaning.Atypicalredfullface,isGuanYu,knownfbrhisloyaltytohisemperor,LiuBei.余Therolewiththewhitefacecommonlyseenon(hestageisbadinhumannature.TypicalcharactersareCaoCao.whowaspowerfulbutcruelinthetimeoftheThreeKingdoms,andQinHui,whoputthenationalheroYueFeitodeath.Theblackfaceshowseitherar
10、udeandbravecharacterorafairandselflesspersonality.TypicalcharactersoftheformerareZhangFeiwithablackangrybutterflyfaceofRomanceoftheThreeKingdomsandLiKuiofWaterMargin,andatypicalcharacterofthelatterisBaoZheng,afearlessandfairofficialoftheSongDynasty.Later,othercolorsaregraduallyaddedtothem,suchaspurp
11、le,symbolizingjustice;yellowusedfbrsoldiers,showingbravery;blue,showingacharacterhasastrongpersonalityandisverycalculating.5. Thecolorofredisoriginallyusedtoshow.A. apersonsskinB.acharactersbraveryC.aroleshonesty,franknessandloyaltyWhydoestheroleofQinHuihaveawhiteface?A. Becausehewaspowerful.B. Beca
12、usehewascruel.C. Becausehepulthenationalherotodeath.6. Typicalcharactersoftheblackfaceinthispassageare.A. ZhangFciandLiKuiZhangFei,BaoZhengandLiKuiB. ZhangFei,WaterMarginandBaoZhengTherearecolorsmentionedinthefacialmakeupofPekingOpera.A. 4B.5C.6【答案】ACBC【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了京剧脸谱的秘密。2. 细节理解题。根据文中Tnfact,r
13、edisoriginallyjusttoshowthecolorofpeoplesskin.”可知,红色最初用来表示人的皮肤。故选A。3. 细节理解题。根据文中“andQinHui,whoputthenationalheroYueFeitodeath.可知，秦桧的角色是白脸是因为他杀死了民族英雄。故选C。4. 细节理解题。根据文lt,itTypicalcharactersofthefonnerareZhangFeiwithablackangrybutterflyfaceofRomanceoftheThreeKingdomsandLiKuiofWaterMargin,andatypicalcha
14、racterofthelatterisBaoZheng,afearlessandfairofficialoftheSongDynasty.,可知，文章中黑脸的典型人物是张飞、包拯和李逵。故选B。5. 细节理解题。根据文中butatfirst,onlythreecolorswereused:red,white,andblack.Later,othercolorsaregraduallyaddedtothem,suchaspurple,symbolizingjustice;yellowusedfbrsoldiers,showingbravery;blue,showingacharacterhasa
15、strongpersonalityandisverycalculating.”可知，京剧脸谱中提到了红、白、黑、紫、黄和蓝六种颜色。故选C。3LastFriday,forourweeklyevent,wewatchedPekingOperaattheQingdaoGrandTheatre.AsayoungmanfromtheUnitedStates,itwasmyfirsttimetowatchlivePekingOpera,anditwasspecial.PekingOpera,alsoknownasBeijingOpera,iscalled京剧(Jingju)inChinese.Itisa
16、traditionalChineseoperaandhasahistoryofover200years.Itisanartformthatcombinesmusic,vocalperformance,danceandacrobalics(杂技).TheworksofPekingOperaaremainlybasedonChinesehistoryandtraditionalstoriesandcustoms.TheperformancewewatchedthatnightwascalledMeetingtheQueenandHittingtheDragon(长袍).Thesioryisfrom
17、aChineseclassicliterature.BaoZhengwasoneof(hemostwell-knownancientChinesegovernmentofficialsinChinesehistory.Oneday,hemetanoldladyonhiswaybackhome.Theoldladyclaimedherselfasthemotheroftheemperorandhadbeensetupbyothers.Aftercheckingthattheoldladywastheemperorsmother,BaoZhenghelpedher(ogetbackto(hecap
18、italandsheblamedtheemperorforall(hemisery(苦难)shehadsuffered.SheorderedBaoZhengtopunishtheemperorandBaoZhenghitthedragonrobeinsteadofhittingtheemperorinordertosavehimselffrombeingpunished.Whentheoperastarted,wewereamazedbytheuniquesoundmadebythemusicalinstruments.Theywereinperfectcooperationwiththesi
19、ngingoftheperformers.Also,thecostumestheperformersworewereextremelybeautifulandattractiveastheyhaveseveralcoloursandpatternsoneachoneofthem.Theperformersalsotold”(hestoryby(heirmovement.Forexample,awalkaroundthestagewouldmeantheytookalongtripsomewhere.Eventhoughitwaskindofhardfbrustogetusedtothemusi
20、candtofollowthestory,weweregladthatwedecidedtojointheevent!Welookforwardtosuchaneventagain.ItreallyhelpsusknowmoreaboutChineseculture.6. BeforehecametoQingdao,thewriterhasnever,A. paidavisittoChinaC.learnedaboutPekingOpera10. Paragraph2mainly(ellsus.A. howtowatchPekingOperaC.aboutsomefactsofPekingOp
21、eraB. paidavisittoChinaC.learnedaboutPekingOpera11. Paragraph2mainly(ellsus.B. howtowatchPekingOperaC.aboutsomefactsofPekingOperaB. watchedlivePekingOperaD. takenpartintheweeklyeventB. howtodevelopPekingOperaD. aboutthehistoryofPekingOpera11. AfterBaoZhengheardwhattheoldladytoldhim,he.A.lookedintoit
22、firstB. hadnoideawhattodothoughtshewasbeingsetupD.helpedhergettothecapitalinnotime12. BaoZhengjusthitthedragonrobebecause.A. hewastoldtodosobythequeenhedidntthinktheemperorwasresponsibleB. hedidntwanttobepunishedbytheemperorhewantedtoshowthequeenthattheemperorwasright【答案】BCAC【解析】本文讲述了作者作为一个美国年轻人第一次在
23、现场看京剧的感受，以及京剧的一些信息。7. 推理判断题。根据“itwasmyfirsttimetowatchlivePekingOpera”可知，作者以前没有在现场看过京剧。故选B。8. 主旨大意题。根据第二段讲述京剧是一种传统的中国戏剧，有200多年的历史，是一种集音乐，声乐，舞蹈.杂技一体的艺术形式，京剧作品依据中国历史和传统故事和风俗。因此这一段主要介绍京剧的一些信息，故选C。9. 推理判断题。根据“Aftercheckingthattheoldladywastheemperorsmother;BaoZhenghelpedhertogetbacktothecapital”可知，包拯先调查
24、事情属实后才接老妇人回京。故选A。10. 细节理解题。根据“BaoZhenghitthedragonrobeinsteadofhittingtheemperorinordertosavehimselffrombeingpunished.可知，包拯打龙袍而不打皇帝是为了救自己避免被罚。故选C。4BeijingOperaisalsocalledPekingOpera.Ilcameintobeingafter1790whenthefamousfourAnhuioperatroupes（戏班）cametoBeijing.Itsmusicandsinging（唱腔）comefromXipiandErhu
25、anginAnhuiandHnbei.Itscostumesarcallfascinatingandartistic.ItisthehighestexpressionoftheChineseculture.Itsfulloffamousstories,beautifulfacialpaintings,andwondergesturesandfighting.ThiskindofoperaisverypopularwithChinesepeople.TherearefourmainrolesinBeijingOpera:Sheng,Dan,JingandChou.Shengistheleadin
26、gmale（男性）actor.Forexample,aWushengisasoldierorfighterXiaoshengisayoungman.ALaoshengisanoldmanDanisthefemale（女性）role.Jing,mostlymale,istheface-paintedroleandChouisthecomedyactororclown.StoriesinBeijingOperaareveryinteresting.Someofthemarefromthehistorybook,butmostofthemarefromtheliterature,especially
27、famousnovels.Thepeopleinthestoryusuallyhavesomedisagreements.Theybecomeangryandunhappy.Theyarcsadandlonely,Sometimestheyarenervousandworried.Thentheyfindawaytomakepeace.Thestoriesusuallyendwithhappinessandlaughterandpeopleareallhappyintheend.11. BeijingOperassingingisfrom.A. AnhuiandHubeiB. Beiiinga
28、ndAnhuiC. thehistorybook14. Thesecondparagraph(%)ofthereadingisabouttheofBeijingOpera.A.storiesB.rolesC.paintings15. Fromthereading,weknowtheroleChoumostprobablyhasa(n)feature.A.honestB.funnyC.dullWhichofthefollowingislheroleSheng?A.B.c.16. WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A. PekingOperaisfullofd
29、ifferentgestures.B. ThereareonlyfourrolesinBeijingOpera.C. BeijingOperaisthemostpopularintheworld【答案】ABBCA【解析】本文讲述了京剧来自安徽和湖北，他们的服装迷人有艺术感，是中华文化的最高表达，主要角色有有生，旦，净，丑，京剧里有很多不同的动作。京剧故事很有趣，来自文学小说或历史。京剧非常受欢迎。13. 细节理解题。根据Itsmusicandsinging(唱腔)comefromXipiandErhuanginAnhuiandHubei.可知是来自安徽和湖北。故选A。14. 细节理解题。根据“
30、TherearefourmainrolesinBeijingOpera:Sheng,Dan,JingandChou.所以讲的是京剧中的角色，故选B。15. 细节理解题。根据44Chouisthecomedyactororclown?丑则是喜剧演员或小丑，所以是滑稽的，故选B。16. 推理判断题。根据第一幅图是丑,第二幅图是旦,第三幅图是生;结合tkShengistheleadingmale（男性）actor.”生是主要男演员，故选C。17. 推理判断题。A.PekingOperaisfullofdifferentgestures.京剧里有很多不同的动作；B.Thereareonlyfourro
31、lesinBeijingOpera.京剧里只有四个角色;C.BeijingOperaisthemostpopularintheworld京剧是世界上最受欢迎的；根据TherearefourmainrolesinBeijingOpera:Sheng,Dan,JingandChou.可知，不止4个角色，排除B；文中并没有说到京剧是全世界最喜欢的，排除C：故选A。5AnyintroductiontoPekingOperawouldnotbecompletewithouttellingofMeiLanfang.Duringhisstagelife,hecombined（融合）thetraditions
32、ofthepastandhisowncreations,creatingastyleofhisownandgivingbirthtoTheMeiLanfangSchool.HewasalsothefirstartisttointroducePekingOperatoforeigners,winninginternationalfame（名声）intheworld.Forhalfacentury.MeiLanfangwasahouseholdnameinChina.MeiLanfangbeganhisstagelifeattheageof8.Histeachersaidheshowedlittl
33、ehopebecauseofhisboringeyes.Toimprovethis,heexercisedthemdayafterday.Hewouldflykitesandlookatthemmovingslowlyinabluesky.Healsokeptpigeonsinordertolookatthemflyinghigherandhigheruntiltheydisappearedintotheclouds.Thankstohisefforts,hemanagedlochangehisdulleyesintoapairofbrightandexpressiveeyesandwinna
34、tionalfamebeforetheageof20.Inover50yearsonthestage,MeiLanfangplayednolessthan100differentcharactersinthetraditionalPekingOperaperformance（表演）.Hecompletelychangedbothstagemake-upandcostumes,andmadecharactersperformancericher.Healsowrotemanynewplays,designingthedanceshimself.Theyarcpartofthegreatlegac
35、y（遗赠）thathelefttoPekingOpera.In1930,MeiLanfangstartedonasuccessfulUStour.Therehisgreatperformancesfascinatedtheaudience,makingthemrealizethatPekingOperawasamostvaluableformofart.18. WhatdocsthefirstsentenceofthepassagemeaninParagraph1?A. PekingOperawouldnotbewell-knownwithoutMeiLanfang.B. MeiLanfang
36、madePekingOperaacompleteartform.C. MeiLanfangwoninternationalfameintheworld.D. MeiLanfangplaysanimportantroleinPekingOpera.19. Howlongdidit（akeMeiLanfang（oexercisehiseyesintobrightandexpressiveones?A.About8years.B.About10years.C. About12years.D.About14years.20. Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A. Thehi
37、storyofPekingOpera.B. MeiLanfangsearlystagelife.C. MeiLanfangsgreatcontributionstoPekingOpera.D. ThecreationsofPekingOperabyMeiLanfang.【答案】1DCC【解析】本文主要讲戏剧大师梅兰芳的生平事迹以及他使中国戏剧扬名海内外的事迹。17. 细节理解题。根据第一段Duringhisstagelife,hecombinedthetraditionsofthepastwithhisowncreations,shapingastyleofhisownandgivingbir
38、thtoTheMeiLanfangSchool.Hewasalso(hefirstartisttointroducePekingOperatoanoverseasaudience,winninginternationalfameacrosstheglobe.可知在他的舞台生活中，他将过去的传统与自己的创作结合在一起，塑造了他自己的风格并诞生了”梅兰芳派。他也是第一位向国外观众介绍京剧的艺术家，在全球赢得了国际声誉。说明梅兰芳在京剧中起到了巨大的作用，故选De细节理解题。根据第二段MeiLanfangbeganhisstagelifeattheageof8.梅兰芳8岁开始舞台生活.和Thanks
39、tohisefforts,hemanagedtochangehisdulleyesintoapairofbrightandexpressiveeyesandwinnationalfamebeforetheageof20.由于他的努力，他设法将他沉闷的双眼变成了一双明亮而富有表现力的眼睛，并在20岁之前赢得了全国知名度。可知这种转变花费了12年的时间，故选C。18. 主旨大意题。通读文章可知本文主要讲戏剧大师梅兰芳的生平事迹以及他使中国戏剧扬名海内外的事迹，故选C。6ErhuisakindoftraditionalChinesemusicalinstrument.TherearemanyEngl
40、ishnamesforerluiasurheenandurhicn.WhenIlistenedtothesoundoferhu,Ifellinlovewiththeinstrument.IwasborninatraditionalChinesefamily.MygrandfatherisafanofPekingOperaanderhumusic.WhenIwasveryyoung,mygrandpaoftensangPekingOperaasheplayederhu.Sometimesthemelodywasexciting,sometimessad.Iwasattractedbythesou
41、ndoferhu.At(heageofeight,Idecidedtolearntoplayerhu.Atthebeginning,Ihadgreatinterestinplayingit.ButIfounditdifficultloplayitsoon.Iwantedtogiveup.Mygrandfatherencouragedmetoholdon.UptillnowIhavebeenplayingerhuforsixyears.IhavealreadypassedLevel9.1evengotthefirstprizeintheinstrumentcompetition.NowIfeel
42、soproudthat1canplayerhuwell.19. WhereisErhufrom?A. ItsfromAmerica.B.ItsfromFrance.C.ItsfromChina.D. ItsfromtheUK.20. Accordingtothepassage,urhccnis.A. anotherEnglishnameoferhutheChinesespellingoferluiB. thesoundoferhuanotherEnglishnameofPekingOpera21. Whoencouragedthewriternottogiveupplayingerhu?A.H
43、erteacher.B.Hergrandfather.C.Herfans.D.Herparents.22. Howoldisthewriter?A.Sheis8yearsold.B.Sheis9yearsold.C. Sheis14yearsold.D.Sheis15yearsold.23. Afterreadingthepassage,wecanknow.A. thewriterfounditboringtoplayerhuatthebeginningthewriterhaspassedLevel10B. thewriterhasneverenteredanyinstrumentcompet
44、itionthewriterfellsoproudthatshecanplayerhuwell【答案】CABCD【解析】本文是记叙文，作者讲述了自己学习拉二胡的经历，并为现在能演奏好二胡而感到自豪。21. 细节理解题。根据uErhuisakindoftraditionalChinesemusicalinstniment,可知是中国乐器，故选C。22. 词义理解题。根据“TherearemanyEnglishnamesforerhuasurheenandurhien”，可知urheen和urhien都是二胡的英文名;anotherEnglishnameoferhu符合题意，故选A。23. 细节理
45、解题。根据4tMygrandfatherencouragedmetoholdon,可知是得到了祖父的鼓励，故选B。24. 推理判断题。根据Attheageofeight,Idecidedtolearntoplayerhu.UptillnowIhavebeenplayingerhufbrsixyears,可知8+6=14,故选C。25. 细节判断题。根据最后NowIfeelsoproudthatIcanplayerhuwell”，可知感到很自豪;thewriterfeltsoproudthatshecanplayerhuwell说法正确，故选D“二、完型填空YuBoisa26driverinBe
46、ijing.Taxidriversarealwaysgoodtalkers,butYuisnot.Insteadof27passengers（乘客），heplayshisoriginal（原创）songs.Yuwasbominafamilyofworldmusic.Hisfathercanplaysomemusicalinstruments（乐器）andhismotherisaPekingOpera（京居I）lover.Hegetssometalentinmusicbecauseofgrowingupinsucha28Hecanalwayssingalongwiththemusicnomatt
47、erwhatkinditis.Hesayssomeofmyfavoritesongscanmakeme29becausetheyaresotouching（感人的）Yudrivesataxiforyears.Heworksforabout10hours.Hestartsworkatabout30haslunchatadininghalland31homeat4p.m.,becausehewantstospendmoretimewithhisfamily.Healwaysletsthemusiconwhiledriving.Someofthesongsarehisownoriginalworks
48、Hespendshis32timeinthemusicstudio（工作室）torecord（录制）songs.Itopensanewworldforhim.Atfirst,hecovers（翻唱）othersingerssongs.Butnowhewritesandsingsoriginalsongs.Andhealsoloveshisjob.Everyday,hedrives33passengerstoalltheplacesinBeijing.Icanhavefunandgetthemoneyatthesametime.Thereisnobetterjobthanthis.Asataxidriverandsinger,heisonmany34andsignedacontract（签约）witharecordcompany（唱片公司）.Hefeelshisdreamcomestrue.Drivingataxiandsingingarealwaysmy35things.Itisreallygoodluckformetodriveandsingtogether,Yusays.26.A.busB.trainC.
