绝缘阻抗测试.ppt

©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN ELECTRICAL INSULATION TEST GUIDELINES FOR 电气绝缘测试指导 CENTRAVACS, HELICAL ROTARY AND RECIPROCATING COMPRESSOR MOTORS This Training Program is part of the Trane Service Technician Passport Program ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN Course Contents课程目标 Safety安全 Fundamentals基础 Why, Which, When, What and How Types of Test测试的类型 CenTraVac Test离心机测试 Helical Rotary Test螺杆机测试 Review回顾 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN Upon Completion of the Course 完成这一课程后 The audience should be able to:学员应该能够 Provide safety measurements associated with electrical work在 电气工作中提供有关安全的措施 Understand the electrical insulation test procedure recommended by Trane理解特灵所推荐的电气绝缘测试程序 Recognize the factors that affect the test认清影响测试的因素 Differentiate the test parameters depending on the type of unit根 据测试类型区分测试的参数 Submit recommendations upon test results根据测试结果提交建 议 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN Safety安全 Electrical Insulation Test 电气绝缘测试 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sBefore servicing energized equipment在维修带电设备 之前 uIts your responsibility to:你有责任： lKnow about energized equipment了解带电设备 lUnderstand hazards of electricity理解电气危险 lUse safe work practices使用安全操作规则 lReview Lockout / Tag out procedures确认挂牌/摘牌操作流程 lInspect your PPE before each use在使用前检查你的防护用 品 lFollow emergency rescue procedures遵循急救流程 Safety Guidelines安全指导 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN Working with energized equipment维修带电设备 Only qualified personnel is permitted to work on energized electric equipment只有合格人员才能维修带电的设备 Qualified person must be familiar with合格的人员必须熟悉 Special precautionary techniques特定的预防手段 PPE个人防护用品 Insulating and shielding materials绝缘隔离物质 Insulated tools绝缘工具 Safety Guidelines安全指导 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sEmergency Procedures紧急措施 uProvide assistance to the victim only if you can do so 对受伤害者提供力所能及的帮助 uSeparate the victim from the energized circuit 将受伤害者和电路分离 Safety Guidelines安全指导 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN WARNING警告 CAUTION注意 The following slides provide information associated with potentially hazardous situations which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.下面的幻灯片提供 了关于潜在伤害的信息，如果不能避免将造成严重伤害 或者死亡 Safety Guidelines安全指导 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN Can the insulation meter cause injury or death? 绝缘表能造成伤害或死亡吗？ sThe meter is not a potentially lethal device. 仪表本身不是潜在的致命设备 sThe test unit can cause injury or death! 测试设备能够引起伤亡 KEEP POWER OFF WARNING Safety Guidelines安全指导 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN WARNING: Hazardous Voltage警告：电压危险. Disconnect All Electrical Power Including Remote Disconnects Before Servicing. Failure To Disconnect Power Before Servicing Could Result In Death Or Serious Injury. 维修前切断所有电源，包括 远处的断路开关。否则可能造成严重的伤亡事故。 Safety Guidelines安全指导 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN POTENTIAL ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE潜在的电气放电 WARNING: Hazardous Electrical Discharge. Terminal Studs Should Be Grounded To The Motor Frame After Testing Has Been Completed. Failure To Ground Terminal Studs Before Servicing Could Result In Death Or Serious Injury. 测试完成后放电端子应该同马达外壳一起接 地，否则可能导致伤亡 KEEP POWER OFF WARNING Safety Guidelines安全指导 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN CAUTION: Potential Damage To the Motor Winding. Do Not Measure Motor Insulation Resistance On a Unit Under Vacuum. To Do So May Cause Serious Damage To The Motor Winding.警告：对电机绕组潜在的 伤害。禁止在设备真空下测量绝缘电阻，否则会引起对电 机绕组的严重伤害。 Safety Guidelines安全指导 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN CAUTION: Potential damage to electronic components. Disconnect The Motor From The Solid State Starter Prior To Meg Testing The Motor. Failure To Do So may Cause Damage To The Electronics.警告：对电子部件潜在的伤害。测试电机 绝缘之前，断开软启动器，否则会造成对电子元件的 损伤。 uDisconnect Solid State Starter断开软启动器 Safety Guidelines安全指导 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN Fundamentals基础 Electrical Insulation Test电气绝缘测试 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sWhy is necessary to test the insulation?为什么要测 绝缘？ uResistance value (quality) 电阻值（质量） uCurrent flow leakage 漏电流 uDeterioration and failure 老化损坏 uSafety安全 Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals 电气绝缘测试-基础 WARNING ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sWhich units can be tested?哪些设备？ uReciprocating (HCOM - SB - 68) uHelical Rotary (L61 - SB - 003) uCenTraVac (CTV - SB - 61) Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals 电气绝缘测试-基础 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sWhen is necessary to test a motor?什么时候 有必要测试电机？ uUpon Start Up启动时 uMotor replacement马达更换时 uMoisture contamination潮湿 Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sWhat instrument to use? 使用什么 设备？ DC Meg-Ohm Tester!直流兆欧表 uMeasures resistance in Meg-ohms (Millions of Ohms)用兆欧档测电阻 uRange from 0 Ohms to infinity范围0到 无穷大 uThe value indicates the quality of the insulation数值显示了绝缘的质量 KEEP POWER OFF WARNING Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sWhy the DC Meg-Ohm Tester?为 什么使用直流兆欧表？ uProvides a regulated voltage test提 供了可调电压测试 uNon-destructive没有破坏性 uAllows to repeat measurement允许重 复测量 Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sInstrument Specifications仪表规格 A 500 volt DC Meg-Ohm insulation tester is recommended推荐使用500v直流兆欧表 U3000 =2500 Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sHow does the instrument work?仪表工作原理 uThe meter outputs a high DC voltage across + and - terminals 仪表在正负端子上输出直流高电压 uBecause there is no perfect insulation, some current will flow 如果绝缘不好，就会有电流产生 uWith these two parameters and Ohms Law, it calculates the resistance根据这两个参数用 欧姆定律计算电阻 KEEP POWER OFF WARNING Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOperation: Lead connections操作：端子连接 uTypically connections are made from circuitry to ground典型 的连接是电路和接地 KEEP POWER OFF WARNING Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOperation: Energize the tester. 操作：给仪表加电 uTurn the selector switch to the desired voltage 选择适宜的电压 uEnergize the tester by turning the hand crank 摇动手柄、加电 uCranking must continue until reading is complete 在读数完成之前持续摇动手柄 KEEP POWER OFF WARNING Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sWhat type of Insulation Test can be done? 可以使用那些电气绝缘测试方法 uOne-Time Value/Comparison Curve一次读数/比较 曲线 uDielectric Absorption Ratio吸收比 uPolarization Index极化指数 Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOne-Time Value Comparison Curve一次读 数比较曲线 uProvides a Meg-Ohm reading versus temperature and its acceptable limit u提供了兆欧读数-温度曲线和 其允许限度 uA value to the right of the curve is accepted曲线右边 可以接受 Reference: CTV-SB-61B Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sWinding Temperature vs. Correction Factor INSULATION RESISTANCE TEMP. COEFF.- Kt 20º C WINDING TEMP. ºC -10 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0.1 R20 C = Rt x Kt 20º C 1.0 10.0 0.5 Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sDielectric Absorption Ratio吸收比 u60/30 second ratio60/30秒比率 KEEP POWER OFF WARNING Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sDielectric Absorption Ratio吸收比 uInsulation Results - Table 1测试结果表1 Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sPolarization Index极化指数 uSimilar to Dielectric Absorption Ratio类似于吸收比方法 u10/1 minute ratio10/1分钟比率 KEEP POWER OFF WARNING Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sPolarization Index 极化指数 u10/1 minute ratio - Table 1 10/1分钟比率表1 Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sWhat factors contribute to low Ohms readings?: 造成低电阻读数的原因： uType and amount of contaminates (moisture, acid, dirt)污染 uCondition of the oil system油系统状况 uCleanliness of the compressor terminal board接线端子的清 洁 uOils level in the compressor压缩机油位 uCondition of motor leads and insulation 电机抽头状况和绝 缘 uTemperature of motor winding马达绕组温度 Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN Caution: Is the electrical insulation test a “High-Pot” Test? Electrical Insulation Test - Fundamentals ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN CenTraVac motors 离心机电机 Electrical Insulation Test - CenTraVac 电气绝缘测试-离心机 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN High pressure CenTraVac 高压离心机 Low pressure CenTraVac 低压离心机 Electrical Insulation Test - CenTraVac ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sGuidelines:指导 uAvoid the use of Dielectric and Absorption Testing 避免使用吸收比测试方法 uThe One-Time Testing is the accepted field method 一次读数测试是推荐的现场测试方法 uDo not high potential test the CenTraVac u不要在离心机上进行耐压测试 uUnder no circumstance should any voltage be applied to the motor while it is under vacuum禁止真空加电压 Electrical Insulation Test - CenTraVac ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOne Time Test uMetal Oxide Varistor - (voltage surge arrestor) KEEP POWER OFF WARNING Electrical Insulation Test - CenTraVac ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOne Time Test一次读数测试 uCommon value of a motor is above 50 Meg-Ohms通常50 兆欧 50 M 21 C / 70 F Electrical Insulation Test - CenTraVac ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOne Time Test一次读数测试 uAt low readings run the motor 1/2 to 1 hour 读数低的情况下 运行电机1/2到 1小时 4 M50 M 21 C / 70 F Electrical Insulation Test - CenTraVac ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOne Time Test一次读数测试 uWhat if the Meg-Ohm value continues to drop?如果读数继 续下降怎么办？ KEEP POWER OFF WARNING Electrical Insulation Test - CenTraVac ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOne Time Test一次测试 uLog Sheets数据记录 Disconnect the power leads from the motor. Test each: phase to ground; and phase to phase. T1 to EarthT4 to EarthT1 to T2T1 to T4 T2 to EarthT5 to EarthT1 to T3T2 to T5 T3 to EarthT6 to EarthT2 to T3T3 to T6 Electrical Insulation Test - CenTraVac ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN Helical Rotary motors螺杆机电机 Electrical Insulation Test - Helical Rotary 电气绝缘测试-螺杆机 ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOne Time Test一次读数测试 Electrical Insulation Test - Helical Rotary ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOne Time Test uReadings above 2 Meg-Ohms are safe.2兆欧是安全的 2 M 21 C / 70 F Electrical Insulation Test - Helical Rotary ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOne Time Test一次读数测试 uIf readings are below 2 Meg-Ohms evacuate the compressor down to 375 microns如果读数低于2兆欧， 抽空操作至375microns Electrical Insulation Test - Helical Rotary ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOne Time Test一次读数测试 uIf the test reading does not improve如果读数还没提升 KEEP POWER OFF WARNING Electrical Insulation Test - Helical Rotary ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN sOne Time Test - Helical Rotary一次读数测试-螺 杆 uTake an oil sample to determine moisture and acid油分 析 H2O ACID Electrical Insulation Test - Helical Rotary ©American Standard Inc. 2001 Service Excellence Training TRG-TRL006-EN Review回顾 Electrical Insulation Test - Review