研究生英语9.ppt

,Exercises,Reading Comprehension,Structure of the Text,Unit 9: Exercises,Vocabulary,Cloze,Translation,Unit 9: Reading comprehension,1. What is the function of Title VII? (Para. 1),Title VII protects the citizens equality regardless of their race, color, religion and national origin. When discussing gender equality, it ensures that no one will be discriminated against because of his/her gender. Since it is federal, this Title also settles the difference between states about gender discrimination.,Reference,Ex. I, pp.128129,2. What do you understand from the subtitle: More Are Less Equal Than Others Wage Bias?,More women are less paid than men because of their gender.,Reference,Unit 9: Reading comprehension,These are two different types of gender discrimination against women and should not be confused with each other. However, the glass ceiling has negative effect on the wage increase. Thus these two types are related to one another to some extent.,Reference,Unit 9: Reading comprehension,3. What is the relationship between wage inequality and the glass ceiling?,The first sentence means that woman has to adjust herself to mans standard of employee value. This is what is actually happening now. However, the second sentence indicates that a feminist may adopt the standard of womans employee value and man has to adjust himself to it.,Reference,Unit 9: Reading comprehension,4. In paragraph 3, the writer says “you are worth as much as your male colleague in terms of employee value” and then adds “maybe he is worth only as much as you”. What are the differences between these two sentences? Why does the author say so?,Since the whole article doesnt mention sexual harassment except in this paragraph, it remains complete without this paragraph. However, sexual harassment has something to do with ones job, which is responding to the question cast in the title: What does sex/gender have to do with your job? So in this point, it is necessary.,Reference,Unit 9: Reading comprehension,5. In paragraph 7, it is said “Those who do fight on the job equality may find themselves in double trouble: victims first of sexual discrimination and later of sexual harassment.” Is this paragraph a must? Defend your choice with reasons.,It is ironical since in these positions that women do the same jobs and wear the same or similar uniforms as men, and this sameness implies that women should not be differentiated from men. However, such a presupposition has been broken by the reality that many women are suffering from gender bias.,Reference,Unit 9: Reading comprehension,6. In paragraph 8, why does the author think it “ironical” that “some of the most frequently cited sources of gender bias occur in professions where women not only do the same jobs but also wear the same or similar uniforms as men”?,The author strongly opposes this idea and thinks that this is a time-worn excuse that denies women access to certain job positions.,Reference,Unit 9: Reading comprehension,7. According to paragraph 12, what is the authors attitude towards the idea of denying certain jobs to women to protect them and the possible fetus?,While we oppose gender discrimination in job markets, we need to admit that in some situations sex is a bona fide occupational qualification. Except for these situations, any denial for individuals to certain jobs is illegal and stereotypical,Reference,Unit 9: Reading comprehension,8. Why does the author cite the examples about a job in a trucking company and a job of restroom attendant? (Para. 14),Ex. II, p.129,1. Introduction (Para. 1),2. Body (Paras. 212),3. Conclusion (Paras. 13 15),Text Outline,Unit 9: Structure of the text,1. Introduction (Paras. 1),Title VII makes it unlawful_ _.,Text Outline,a person based on ones gender.,Unit 9: Structure of the text,to discriminate against,Body (Paras. 212),1) The on-the-job gender discrimination (Paras. 27),Text Outline,2) The uniformed cases: gender discrimination in the _ . (Paras. 8 12),military, police and fire departments,Unit 9: Structure of the text,Body (Paras. 512),Text Outline,1) The on-the-job gender discrimination (Paras. 27),Unit 9: Structure of the text,Wage bias, which means_ _. The glass ceiling, which means _ _ .,employees are paid less,those of the opposite gender for doing the same work,for women to advance up the corporate ladder.,it is difficult,Body (Paras. 512),Text Outline,1) The on-the-job gender discrimination (Paras. 27),Unit 9: Structure of the text,C. The unlawful wage bias exists because women _ and companies_ _. D. Workplace gender discrimination works both ways, that is to say both men and women can be discriminated _.,dont want to quit their jobs,away with these inequities,get,because of their gender,Body (Paras. 512),Text Outline,Unit 9: Structure of the text,Women _ by their male peers, which is proved by what happened to two policewomen. The WANDAS Watch and FLATS cases show that women in the military have been _ by their male peers.,are treated unequally,have been misconceived,Body (Paras. 512),Text Outline,Unit 9: Structure of the text,C. Women denied _ for which they are qualified _.,some job opportunities,to perform,Text Outline,3. Conclusion (Paras. 13-15),While Newt Gingrichs view is _, in some cases sex can be _. However, it is unlawful to neglect a persons _ and _ and deny a persons job opportunity simply because of ones gender.,bona fide occupational qualities,Unit 9: Structure of the text,skewed,desire,qualification,Part A, Ex. V, p.130-131 Complete the sentences with words given below, making sure that each word is used in the right form.,1. She took a long leave of absence without _ to her career.,detriment,Unit 9: Vocabulary,2. The Foreign Minister held talks in Paris with his French _ on April 2.,counterpart,Unit 9: Vocabulary,3. It is very _ to read such a ridiculous novel.,infuriating,Unit 9: Vocabulary,4. A woman with hardly any make-up and short haircuts is thought to be a _ lesbian.,stereotypical,Unit 9: Vocabulary,5. My own solitude was as nothing compared with their constantly _ loneliness.,patrolled,Unit 9: Vocabulary,6. His conception of humans is _ and none of us can win his trust.,skewed,Unit 9: Vocabulary,7. After the _ of the cook, we had to make our meals ourselves.,dismissal,Unit 9: Vocabulary,8. The professor has been a(n) _ of changes to English teaching.,advocate,Unit 9: Vocabulary,9. This is variable, depending on how the two parties _ the relationship.,perceive,Unit 9: Vocabulary,10. We can see both variety and _ in these Hollywood movies.,uniformity,Unit 9: Vocabulary,Part B,Part B, Ex. V, p.131 Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined part of the sentence.,Unit 9: Vocabulary,Israels insecurity was so pervasive that even words are daggers. A. powerful B. pervading C. general D. deep-rooted,Israels insecurity was so pervasive that even words are daggers. A. powerful B. pervading C. general D. deep-rooted,The opinions of the youths peers are more important to them than their parents ideas. A. equals B. allies C. aliens D. counterparts,Unit 9: Vocabulary,2. The opinions of the youths peers are more important to them than their parents ideas. A. equals B. allies C. aliens D. counterparts,3. His performance of Hamlet was topnotch in the recent 20 years. A. engaging B. impressive C. unique D. best,Unit 9: Vocabulary,3. His performance of Hamlet was topnotch in the recent 20 years. A. engaging B. impressive C. unique D. best,4. For basketball players, injuries are an job-related hazard. A. occupational B. principal C. rational D. hypothetical,Unit 9: Vocabulary,4. For basketball players, injuries are an job-related hazard. A. occupational B. principal C. rational D. hypothetical,These factors are unlikely to impinge on the development of agriculture. A. depend on B. carry on C. influence D. devote to,Unit 9: Vocabulary,These factors are unlikely to impinge on the development of agriculture. A. depend on B. carry on C. influence D. devote to,It is announced that people are appointed solely on the basis of merit. A. promptly B. only C. unanimously D. ultimately,Unit 9: Vocabulary,It is announced that people are appointed solely on the basis of merit. A. promptly B. only C. unanimously D. ultimately,7. Any climate shift adversely affecting the earth will be discussed at the conference. A. ardently B. reversely C. inversely D. unfavorably,Unit 9: Vocabulary,7. Any climate shift adversely affecting the earth will be discussed at the conference. A. ardently B. reversely C. inversely D. unfavorably,8. Given the above differences, East Asia and the West do not always hold the same views on human rights.necessarily determine what reality is for the child. A. typical B. identical C. reciprocal D. superficial,Unit 9: Vocabulary,8. Given the above differences, East Asia and the West do not always hold the same views on human rights.necessarily determine what reality is for the child. A. typical B. identical C. reciprocal D. superficial,This newspaper story could not damage their reputation; conversely, it will give them a lot of free publicity. A. controversially B. inversely C. contrarily D. consistently,Unit 9: Vocabulary,This newspaper story could not damage their reputation; conversely, it will give them a lot of free publicity. A. controversially B. inversely C. contrarily D. consistently,You cant park here, since this is only for the bona fide guests. A. real B. important C. honored D. disabled,Unit 9: Vocabulary,You cant park here, since this is only for the bona fide guests. A. real B. important C. honored D. disabled,I saw an ad for an employment agency that claimed to have job openings available for recent college graduates in a few different majors. My major, marketing, was one 1) _ them. I quickly called to 2) _ an appointment. When I arrived at the agencys office I was given an application form to complete, and then was 3) _ by a placement counselor（顾问）who went over my 4) _ .,interviewed,Unit 9: Cloze,of,arrange,To be continued .,resume,Ex. VI, p.132 Choose an appropriate word from the following list to fill in each of the following blanks. Each word can be used only ONCE. Change the word form where necessary.,“Very nice. We have some administrative assistant jobs,just to help you get a 5)_ in the door,” she said and then asked me to take a typing test. She 6)_ me to a testing room where I sat at a desk that faced the door. She gave me some 7)_ to practice before starting the test. While I was practicing, a young man walked into the office. I 8)_ him as being someone with whom I had 9)_ some classes in my major. I planned to say hello when he 10)_ me. He never did.,foot,Unit 9: Cloze,time,recognized,To be continued .,led,taken,joined,I saw himcomplete the application and saw him interviewed by the 11)_ placement counselor whohad interviewed me. It was 12)_ it was their first meeting. Next she was on the phone with the 13)_ (now called human resources) office of one of the agencys clients. “We have a great 14)_ for you. I think you should interview him 15)_ that marketing assistant position.” “Hey, wait a minute,” I 16)_ . “What about his typing test?”,personnel,Unit 9: Cloze,candidate,obvious,To be continued .,for,same,thought,I was being placed on one career path while a man with a similar 17)_ was being placed on another. I checked around. I wasnt the only woman 18)_ this problem. This was happening to my 19)_ female graduates as well. It wasnt exactly discrimination since they werent refusing to 20)_ me because I was a woman. They just tried to push me onto a career path that was different than the one I desired.,hire,Unit 9: Cloze,background,facing,fellow,1. 就此而言，你并不比玛丽或者其他同事更符合条件。,For that matter, you are no better qualified than Mary or other colleagues.,Part A, Ex. VIII, p.134 Translate the following sentences into English.,for that matter,Unit 9: Translation,2. 这是我们在这种情况下渴望的最好结果。,This was the best result that we could expect under the circumstances.,Unit 9: Translation,under the circumstances,3. 性别歧视影响到我们职业生涯的各个方面，从薪酬 到升职。,The effects of gender discrimination are impinging on every aspect of our careers, from our salaries to our promotion.,impinge on,Unit 9: Translation,4. 他被公司开除了，这证明玩忽职守必被追究。,He has been fired by the company, which proves that if you neglect your duty, you cant get away with it.,neglect ones duty,Unit 9: Translation,get away with,5. 他长时间地工作，损害了健康和家庭生活。,He worked long hours, to the detriment of his health and family life.,to the detriment of,Unit 9: Translation,6. 该章可以分为三节，但最后一节似乎偏离了女权主义主题。,The chapter falls into three parts, but the last part seems to divert form the feminist thesis.,fall into,Unit 9: Translation,7. 除了玻璃天花板和工资不平等外，公开的歧视也随处 可见。,Aside from the glass ceiling and wage inequality, explicit discrimination is everywhere, too.,aside from,Unit 9: Translation,8. 开始许多人对这支乐队的反应是他们只是一伙漂亮的男孩，没有什么天赋。,Initially the reaction of many to this band was that they were just a bunch of pretty boys with no talent.,a bunch of,Unit 9: Translation,9. 就实际的销售情况而言，这本书完全失败了。,In terms of actual sales, the book has been a complete failure.,in terms of,Unit 9: Translation,10. 根据一次民意调查就预测选举结果稳妥吗？,Is it safe to predict the result of the election on the basis of one opinion poll?,on the basis of,Unit 9: Translation,Part B,有史以来，性别歧视最明显的例子就是女性与男性同工不同酬。这种做法虽不合法，但却很普遍。即使在今天，虽然女权主义者（及其他人士）多年来努力纠正这种不平等的状况，女性的工资仍然只有男性的70%。,Historically, the most obvious example of sex bias has been paying women less than men for doing the same work. Although unlawful, the practice is pervasive, and even now, after years of strong feminist (and other) efforts to correct this inequity, women still earn only seventy cents for every dollar earned by men.,Unit 9: Translation,Part B, Ex. VIII, p. 134 Translate the following selected paragraph into Chinese.,This is wage inequality, not to be confused with the glass ceiling, whic