AS 3823-3-2002 Performance of electrical appliances— Airconditioners and heat pumps Part 3 Calculation of performance for minimum energy performance standard (MEPS) requirements.pdf
AS/NZS 3823.3:2002 Australian/New Zealand Standard Performance of electrical appliances Airconditioners and heat pumps Part 3: Calculation of performance for minimum energy performance standard (MEPS) requirements AS/NZS 3823.3 AS/NZS 3823.3:2002 This Joint Australian/New Zealand Standard was prepared by Joint Technical Committee EL-015, Quality and Performance of Household Electrical Appliances. It was approved on behalf of the Council of Standards Australia on 25 June 2002 and on behalf of the Council of Standards New Zealand on 24 July 2002. It was published on 27 August 2002. The following are represented on Committee EL-015: Australian Consumers Association Australian Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers Association Australian Industry Group Australian Retail Association Business New Zealand Consumer Electronics Suppliers Association Department of Industrial Relations (Qld) Electrical Compliance Testing Association Energy Efficiency and Conservation Authority of New Zealand New South Wales Ministry of Energy and Utilities National Appliance and Equipment Energy Efficiency Committee National Association of Testing Authorities Office of the Chief Electrical Inspector Office of the Technical Regulator (S.A.) Additional interests participating in the preparation of this Standard: Airconditioning and Refrigeration Equipment Manufacturers Association of Australia Australian Institute of Refrigeration Air Conditioning and Heating Institute of Refrigeration Heating and AirConditioning Engineers of New Zealand Primary Industries and Resources, South Australia Testing Interests (Australia) Keeping Standards up-to-date Standards are living documents which reflect progress in science, technology and systems. To maintain their currency, all Standards are periodically reviewed, and new editions are published. Between editions, amendments may be issued. Standards may also be withdrawn. It is important that readers assure themselves they are using a current Standard, which should include any amendments which may have been published since the Standard was purchased. 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This Standard was issued in draft form for comment as DR 01401. 3 AS/NZS 3823.3:2002 Australian/New Zealand Standard Performance of electrical appliances Airconditioners and heat pumps Part 3: Calculation of performance for minimum energy performance standard (MEPS) requirements Originated as AS/NZS 3823.3:2001. Second edition 2002. COPYRIGHT © Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand All rights are reserved. No part of this work may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, without the written permission of the publisher. Jointly published by Standards Australia International Ltd, GPO Box 5420, Sydney, NSW 2001 and Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington 6020 ISBN 0 7337 4663 2 AS/NZS 3823.3:20022 PREFACE This Standard was prepared by the Joint Standards Australia/Standards New Zealand Committee EL-015, Quality and Performance of Household Electrical Equipment Testing of airconditioners under controlled operating conditions is defined in AS/NZS 3823.1.1, Performance of electrical appliancesAirconditioners and heat pumps, Part 1.1: Test MethodsNon-ducted airconditioners and heat pumpsTesting and rating for performance, and AS/NZS 3823.1.2, Performance of electrical appliances Airconditioners and heat pumps, Part 1.2: Test MethodsDucted airconditioners and air- to-air heat pumpsTesting and rating for performance. Direct assessment of the performance of airconditioner appliances requires access to large capacity calorimeter or psychrometric loop test facilities. As an alternative to physical testing, this Standard defines an assessment procedure for minimum energy performance requirements based on simplified measurements and a simulation model of airconditioner performance. In all cases, test results obtained by physical testing using the procedures defined in AS/NZS 3823.1.1 or AS/NZS 3823.1.2 take precedence over the results obtained by using this Standard. If the simulation methods described in this Standard are not considered applicable to a particular appliance, then that appliance has to be assessed under AS/NZS 3823.1.1 or AS/NZS 3823.1.2. The procedure defined in this Standard provides a low cost method for assessing airconditioner performance. It may also be used to assess design modifications for appliances that fail the minimum energy performance standard set in AS/NZS 3823.2. Statements expressed in mandatory terms in notes to tables are deemed to be requirements of this Standard. The terms normative and informative have been used in this Standard to define the application of the appendix to which they apply. A normative appendix is an integral part of a Standard, whereas an informative appendix is only for information and guidance. AS/NZS 3823.3:20023 CONTENTS Page SECTION 1SCOPE AND GENERAL 1.1SCOPE.4 1.2OBJECTIVE4 1.3APPLICATION .5 1.4REFERENCED DOCUMENTS.5 1.5DEFINITIONS.5 1.6SIMULATION MODEL5 SECTION 2MEASUREMENT OF APPLIANCE CHARACTERISTICS 2.1SCOPE.7 2.2TEST CONDITIONS.7 2.3MEASUREMENT OF REFRIGERANT CIRCUIT PRESSURE DROP (OPTIONAL).7 2.4MEASUREMENT OF REFRIGERANT CIRCUIT SET POINT CONDITIONS (OPTIONAL).7 2.5AIRFLOW RATE THROUGH THE COILS .8 2.6COMPRESSOR CHARACTERISTICS.8 2.7ELECTRICAL POWER CONSUMPTION8 2.8COIL CHARACTERISTICS .9 SECTION 3PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS 3.1REQUIRED SIMULATION MODEL FEATURES.10 3.2MODEL CHARACTERISTICS 10 APPENDICES AFORMAT SHEETS FOR RECORDING REFRIGERANT CIRCUIT OPERATING CONDITIONS OR ACCEPTANCE OF DEFAULT CONDITIONS.12 BFORMAT SHEETS FOR APPLIANCE DEFINITION17 CTHE OAK RIDGE HEAT PUMP MODEL .22 DCALCULATION OF HEAT LOSS/GAIN FROM REFRIGERANT LINES.24 AS/NZS 3823.3:2002 COPYRIGHT 4 STANDARDS AUSTRALIA/STANDARDS NEW ZEALAND Australian/New Zealand Standard Performance of electrical appliancesAirconditioners and heat pumps Part 3: Calculation of performance for minimum energy performance standard (MEPS) requirements S E C T I O N 1 S C O P E A N D G E N E R A L 1.1 SCOPE This Standard specifies procedures for calculating the performance of factory-made residential, commercial and industrial, electrically-driven, mechanical compression, single- package and split-system, ducted and non-ducted airconditioners and heat pumps employing air- and water-cooled condensers. This Standard covers equipment utilizing one or more refrigeration systems, one outdoor unit and one or more indoor units controlled by a single thermostat/controller. This Standard covers equipment utilizing single, multiple and variable capacity components. NOTE: The method in this Standard includes a combination of measured component performance, equipment operating conditions and a mathematical model to determine the appliance performance. This Standard does not cover single circuit multiple compressor units. This Standard can be used to quantify the following values for cooling and heating: (a) Rated cooling capacity. (b) Rated heating capacity. (c) Energy efficiency ratio (EER). (d) Coefficient of performance (COP). This Standard does not apply to the rating of the following: (i)Water-source heat pumps. (ii)Multi-split airconditioners and heat pumps. (iii)Mobile appliances having a condenser exhaust duct. (iv)Unitary systems where there is a thermal interaction between the evaporator and condenser. 1.2 OBJECTIVE The objective of this Standard is to provide means for delivering information on the performance of airconditioning appliances, to determine compliance with minimum energy performance standard requirements specified in AS/NZS 3823.2. AS/NZS 3823.3:2002 COPYRIGHT 5 1.3 APPLICATION The procedure in this Standard uses a mathematical model to assess the performance of airconditioners, hence the application of the procedure is restricted by the availability of suitable mathematical models. The performance assessment procedure is based on measured refrigerant circuit operating conditions (subcooling and superheating) and measured refrigerant circuit pressure drops. If these measurements are not available then specified default conditions shall be used in the analysis. The default conditions will result in a conservative evaluation of performance. 1.4 REFERENCED DOCUMENTS The following documents are referred to in this Standard: AS/NZS 3823Performance of electrical appliancesAirconditioners and heat pumps 3823.1.1Part 1.1:Test methodsNon-ducted airconditioners and heat pumpsTesting and rating for performance 3823.1.2Part 1.2:Test MethodsDucted airconditioners and air-to-air heat pumps Testing and rating for performance 3823.2Part 2:Energy labelling and minimum energy performance standard (MEPS) requirements ANSI/ASHRAE 23Methods of testing for rating positive displacement refrigerant compressors and condensing units 1.5 DEFINITIONS For the purposes of this Standard the definitions given in AS/NZS 3823.1.1, AS/NZS 3823.1.2 and AS/NZS 3823.2 shall apply. 1.6 SIMULATION MODEL 1.6.1 General Simulation models provide an estimate of system optimum performance under idealized operating conditions. Models may not take into account variables introduced in the physical manufacture of a system, variables such as airflow across the coils. For this reason, when subjected to a physical test, actual models may have a performance lower than that estimated by the simulation model. Physical tests take priority in this Standard, and performance claims based on a simulation model are made at the applicants own risk. The analysis required by this Standard shall be based on the Oak Ridge MkIII heat pump model or other analysis procedures that have been demonstrated by comparison with measured performance to have an accuracy equivalent to the appliance test Standards AS/NZS 3823.1.1 and AS/NZS 3823.1.2 (see Section 3 for required features of mathematical model). 1.6.2 Measurement of appliance operating conditions The cooling capacity, EER, heating capacity and COP (if applicable) shall be determined by measurement of appliance operating characteristics and by use of a mathematical model that uses these measured factors to evaluate appliance performance. 1.6.3 Matching the modelled refrigerant circuit The simulation model shall match the modelled refrigerant circuit subcooling, superheating and refrigerant circuit pressure drops to the measured (or default) operating conditions. AS/NZS 3823.3:2002 COPYRIGHT 6 1.6.4 Measured data The simulation model shall incorporate measured data for compressor capacity and compressor electrical power consumption as a function of evaporator and condenser refrigerant temperatures. 1.6.5 Corrections to compressor performance The model shall incorporate corrections to compressor performance for variations of subcooling and superheating between the conditions used during compressor testing and the measured subcooling and superheating in the airconditioner when its operation under rating conditions is simulated (or for default conditions if measured conditions are not provided). NOTE: Specialized applications of the Oak Ridge MkIII simulation model are available in the form of the MODCON and HPRATE computer packages. AS/NZS 3823.3:2002 COPYRIGHT 7 S E C T I O N 2 M E A S U R E M E N T O F A P P L I A N C E C H A R A C T E R I S T I C S 2.1 SCOPE This Section defines the measurements required to quantify the operating state of the equipment at standard rating conditions. The measurements specified for this Standard do not require calorimeter test facilities specified for measurements under AS/NZS 3823.1.1 and AS/NZS 3823.1.2. The tests for this Standard may be carried out with the equipment installed between two spaces with facilities to control the dry bulb temperatures of the two spaces. The purpose of the tests is to obtain specific information on the operating states of the refrigerant flow control system and the quality of the hydraulic design of the refrigerant circuit for the appliance being assessed. 2.2 TEST CONDITIONS The measurements required in this Section shall be carried out with the appliance operating under steady state conditions with dry bulb air-on temperatures to the evaporator and condenser within 1°C of the Test Condition T1 rating point conditions in AS/NZS 3823.1.1 and AS/NZS 3823.1.2. The wet bulb temperature of airflow on to the evaporator shall be less than or equal to the Test Condition T1 rating point wet bulb temperature but does not have to be controlled to a specific value. The measurements shall be recorded after the appliance has reached steady state operating conditions and the air-on temperatures have been within the required range for a minimum period of 5 min. 2.3 MEASUREMENT OF REFRIGERANT CIRCUIT PRESSURE DROP (OPTIONAL) 2.3.1 General The pressure drops in the refrigerant circuit for both cooling and heating operation shall be measured when the appliance is operating under steady state conditions (specified in Clause 2.2). Format sheets for recording refrigerant circuit pressures are given in Appendix A. 2.3.2 Default pressure drop conditions If the pressure drops in the refrigerant circuit are not measured, then the simulation model shall use default pressure drops of 100 kPa on the low-pressure side and 50 kPa on the high- pressure side of the refrigerant circuit. 2.4 MEASUREMENT OF REFRIGERANT CIRCUIT SET POINT CONDITIONS (OPTIONAL) 2.4.1 General The subcooling and superheat temperature conditions in the refrigerant circuit during both cooling and heating operation shall be measured when the appliance is operating under steady state conditions as specified in Clause 2.2. Format sheets for recording refrigerant circuit subcooling and superheating temperatures are given in Appendix A. 2.4.2 Default refrigerant circuit set point conditions If the refrigerant circuit subcooling and super heating temperature conditions are not measured, then default subcooling of 0 K and superheating of 15 K shall be used in the simulation mode
