BS EN 1248-2001 铸造机械.喷砂设备的安全要求1.pdf

BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1248:2001 Foundry machinery Safety requirements for abrasive blasting equipment The European Standard EN 1248:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 24.120.30 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW BS EN 1248:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Engineering Sector Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 June 2001 © BSI 06-2001 ISBN 0 580 37399 1 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 1248:2001. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee MCE/3, Safeguarding of machinery, to Subcommittee MCE/3/10, Foundry machinery Safety, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 47 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. DateComments EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM EN 1248 April 2001 ICS 25.120.30 English version Foundry machinery Safety requirements for abrasive blasting equipment Machines de fonderie Prescriptions de sécurité pour équipements de grenaillage Gießereimaschinen Sicherheitsanforderungen für Strahlanlagen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 March 2001. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG Management Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels © 2001 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1248:2001 E Page 2 EN 1248:2001 © BSI 06-2001 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction.3 1Scope.4 2Normative references5 3Terms and definitions.7 4Hazards 8 5Safety requirements and/or measures.9 5.1General9 5.2Centrifugal wheel assembly (see annex B, Figures B.2 and B.3).10 5.3Blasting chamber.10 5.4Abrasive media and contaminants conveying system.16 5.5Abrasive media and contaminants cleaning, separation and storage device.17 5.6Power and driving devices18 5.7Loading and unloading systems for workpieces.18 5.8Requirements for control systems.24 5.9Electrical hazards24 5.10Electrostatic phenomena .26 5.11Noise .26 5.12Substances.27 5.13Operator environment - walk in air blast rooms .29 5.14Operator environment - outside manual operated blasting chamber and hand blasting chamber .32 6Verification of the safety requirements and/OR measures.34 7Information for use.34 7.1Marking.34 7.2Technical data and description for safety34 7.3Instruction handbook.35 7.4Maintenance manual .35 8Maximum concentration of hazardous substances in shot blasting abrasives36 Annex A (normative) Description of equipment covered by this standard37 Annex B (informative) Illustrative solutions for safety measures of blasting equipment.38 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship of this document with EC Directives.46 Bibliography 47 w w w . b z f x w . c o m Page 3 EN 1248:2001 © BSI 06-2001 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 202, Foundry machinery, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2001, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2001. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EC Directive(s). For relationship with EC Directive(s), see informative annex ZA, which is an integral part of this standard. An assessment of the foreseeable risks arising from the use of the equipment was carried out when this standard was drafted by CEN/TC 202/WG 4, comprising experts from the following countries: France, Germany, Italy, Sweden and United Kingdom. Annex A is normative, and annex B is informative. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Introduction This European standard is a type C standard as defined in EN 292. The equipment and hazards covered by this standard are shown in the scope. In addition, abrasive blasting machinery shall comply as appropriate with EN 292-1 and EN 292-2 for hazards which are not covered by this standard. w w w . b z f x w . c o m Page 4 EN 1248:2001 © BSI 06-2001 1Scope This standard specifies requirements to be met by the manufacturer of abrasive blasting equipment for the foreseeable significant hazards due to design, construction and installation, during commissioning, operation, maintenance and decommissioning of equipment which employs either centrifugal force or compressed air as a means of accelerating abrasive to achieve the desired result. Abrasive blasting equipment covers: ? centrifugal blasting machines; ? air blasting machines; ? loading, conveying and unloading systems for the workpieces. See annex A for more details. This standard covers all foreseeable significant hazards which could be encountered during the lifetime of the machine as listed in clause 5. This standard does not apply to: ? mobile centrifugal blasting equipment; ? mobile air blasting equipment; ? wet blasting equipment; ? the general works compressed air supply system. w w w . b z f x w . c o m Page 5 EN 1248:2001 © BSI 06-2001 2Normative references This standard incorporates by dated or undated references provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies (including amendments). EN 271Respiratory protective devices Compressed air line or powered fresh air hose breathing apparatus incorporating a hood for use in abrasive blasting operations. EN 286-1Simple unfired pressure vessels designed to contain air or nitrogen Part 1: Design, manufacture and testing. EN 292-1:1991Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 1: Basic terminology, methodology. EN 292-2:1991+ A1:1995 Safety of machinery Basic concepts, general principles for design Part 2: Technical principles and specifications. EN 294Safety of machinery Safety distances to prevent danger zones being reached by the upper limbs. EN 349Safety of machinery Minimum distances to avoid crushing of parts of the human body. EN 418:1992Safety of machinery Emergency stop equipment, functional aspects Principles for design. EN 626-1Safety of machinery Reduction of risks to health from hazardous substances emitted by machinery Part 1: Principles and specifications for machinery manufacturers. EN 775+AC:1993Manipulating industrial robots Safety (ISO 10218:1992, modified). EN 953Safety of machinery General requirements for the design and construction of guards (fixed, moveable). EN 954-1:1996Safety of machinery Safety related parts of control systems Part 1:General principles for design. EN 982Safety of machinery Safety requirements for fluid power systems and their components hydraulics. EN 999Safety of machinery The positioning of protective equipment in respect of approach speeds of parts of the human body. EN 1037Safety of machinery Prevention of unexpected start-up. w w w . b z f x w . c o m Page 6 EN 1248:2001 © BSI 06-2001 EN 1070Safety of machinery Terminology. EN 1088:1995Safety of machinery Interlocking devices associated with guards Principles for design and selection. EN 1265Noise test code for foundry machines and equipment. EN 60204-1:1997Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 1:General requirements (IEC 60204-1:1997). EN 60529Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP-Code) (IEC 60529:1989). prEN 620:1992Continuous handling equipment and systems Fixed belt conveyors for bulk material Special safety requirements for design, manufacturing, erection and commissioning stages. prEN 1005-3:1993Safety of machinery Human physical performance Part 3: Recommended force limits for machinery operation. EN ISO 11124-1Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products Specifications for metallic blast-cleaning abrasives Part 1: General introduction and classification (ISO 11124-1:1993). EN ISO 11126-1Preparation of steel substrates before application of paints and related products Specifications for non-metallic blast-cleaning abrasives Part 1: General introduction and classification (ISO 11126-1:1993, including Technical Corrigenda 1:1997 and 2:1997). EN ISO 11688-1Acoustics Recommended practice for the design of low-noise machinery and equipment Part 1: Planning (ISO/TR 11688-1:1995). CENELEC R044-001, February 1999 Safety of machinery Guidance and recommendations for the avoidance of hazards due to static electricity. w w w . b z f x w . c o m Page 7 EN 1248:2001 © BSI 06-2001 3Terms and definitions For the purposes of this standard, the terms and definitions given in EN 1070 apply. Other terms and definitions are as follows: 3.1 blasting process where workpiece to be cleaned or surface to be treated is subjected to continuous attack by abrasive blasting media to achieve the desired result 3.2 blasting equipment machines employing either centrifugal force or compressed air as a means of accelerating abrasive The equipment comprises a chamber which contains the workpiece and also prevents the abrasive media from escaping to the environment after impacting on the workpiece. It also incorporates: a system for collecting, recycling, cleaning by air or magnetic separation or a combination of both and storage for the abrasive media ready to feed back to the dosing device for abrasive media (for examples of blasting equipment types see annex A, for an example of a processing scheme see annex B, Figure B.1) and a conveying system for workpieces. 3.3 abrasive media granular metallic or non-metallic material to be forcibly applied to a surface to achieve the desired result For classification of metallic abrasives see EN ISO 11124-1, of non-metallic abrasives see EN ISO 11126-1. 3.4 free-jet work manual blasting process carried out with hand-held nozzles with protective separation between the operator and the rebounding abrasive media and generated dust The operator shall wear an abrasive blasting helmet and other protective clothing. 3.5 exhaust system extraction device which collects contaminated air under a slight negative pressure and transports it via appropriate ducting to a dust collector 3.6 dust separator air cleaning device to remove contaminated particulates prior to discharge to the atmosphere 3.7 explosion relief panel device to release pressure safely and rapidly w w w . b z f x w . c o m Page 8 EN 1248:2001 © BSI 06-2001 3.8 transfer car vehicle used for transporting the workpieces into and out of the blasting chamber NOTEThe vehicle is often on rails. 3.9 machine setting control of the actuation of a mechanism during setting phases when the machine is manually controlled, guards having been by-passed 3.10 manual operation any sequence or event which is manually controlled by the operator 3.11 automatic operation every cycle initiates the next cycle automatically whereby all supplementary steps are carried out by a predetermined program 4Hazards Abrasive blasting equipment shall be designed to take into consideration the hazards, the safety requirements and the preventative measures referred to in clause 5. A parameter for the level of safety measures to be applied is the risk of accident to be expected, the extent of which depends upon the highest foreseeable degree of severity and effect as well as the probability of an injury, e.g. exposure to risk (frequency of intervention or access or duration of stay in a danger zone). Movable safeguards or facilities with guarding functions in danger zones with fixed cycle intervention or access (e.g. during filling with molten metal, periodical manual cleaning, or troubleshooting) require a special degree of safety against unexpected start up or dangerous movements, as well as against hazardous sources and failure of relevant safeguards and control systems. An assessment of the foreseeable risks arising from the intended use of the equipment was carried out when this standard was prepared. When additional risks are present it is recommended that EN 292-1 and EN 292-2 together with the relevant A and B standards are used as a basis for dealing with these additional risks. This asse